BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1989
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 24, 2012

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON WATER, PARKS AND WILDLIFE
                                Jared Huffman, Chair
                    AB 1989 (Carter) - As Amended:  April 18, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :   State Park System: fee on sale of bicycles for trail 
          maintenance

           SUMMARY  :   This bill imposes a $2 surcharge on the sale of every 
          new bicycle in California for the purpose of bicycle trail and 
          path maintenance.   Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Imposes a surcharge of $2 on the sale of every new bicycle in 
            California beginning July 1, 2013.

          2)Gives bicycle surcharge administration and collection 
            authority to the State Board of Equalization (BOE) and 
            specifically:

             a)   Requires the bicycle surcharge be paid quarterly with an 
               electronic filing of the return.

             b)   Allows the BOE to prescribe, adopt and enforce 
               regulations relating to the administration and enforcement 
               of this bill including but not limited to, collections, 
               reporting, refunds and appeals.

             c)   Provides additional procedures for the collection of 
               fees and surcharges associated with delinquency or 
               non-compliance.

          3)Creates the State Park Bicycle Facilities Fund and requires:

             a)   All revenues, interest, penalties, and other amounts 
               collected related to the bicycle surcharge fee to be 
               deposited in the fund.

             b)   Reimbursements to be made from the fund to the BOE for 
               expenses incurred for administration and collection of the 
               bicycle surcharge fee.

             c)   All remaining monies in the State Park Bicycle 
               Facilities Fund be used by the Department of Parks and 
               Recreation (DPR) where:







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                i)     60% of the monies are place in a Bicycle Trail 
                 Grant Program Fund for the establishment of a local 
                 assistance program to distribute grants on a competitive 
                 basis to eligible cities, counties, joint powers 
                 authorities, districts and nonprofit organizations for 
                 creation or maintenance of bicycle trails and paths, 
                 signage and facilities. Regulations for the procedures of 
                 the grant program will be specified by the director of 
                 DPR.

                ii)    40% of the monies will be used for:


                  1)        Maintenance of bicycle trails, paths and 
                    signage of such trails and paths within the California 
                    state park system, which includes state parks, state 
                    beaches, state historic parks, state recreation areas, 
                    and state natural reserves.

                  2)        Maintenance of related bicycle facilities, 
                    including but not limited to bicycle parking 
                    facilities, within the California state park system.

           EXISTING LAW   

          1)Gives the BOE authority to administer and collect taxes and 
            fees.

          2)States that it is the policy of the state to provide for the 
            development and maintenance of a statewide system of 
            recreational and interpretive trails.

          3)Requires DPR to administer, protect and develop the state park 
            system, as well as ensure that the parks provide recreation to 
            the people of California. 

          4)Upon appropriation by the Legislature, makes certain funds 
            available for use by DPR for state park planning, acquisition, 
            development projects, and maintenance. 

          5)Provides that funding for public bike paths is currently 
            available through Federal, state, local and private monies.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown







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          COMMENTS  :    

          People ride bicycles for many reasons including recreation, 
          exercise or health reasons, as a competitive sport, personal 
          errands, and commuting to school or work.  The most common 
          facilities used by bicyclists (in descending order) include 
          paved roads, sidewalks, bicycle paths/walking paths/trails, 
          shoulders of paved roads, bicycle lanes on roads, and unpaved 
          roads. The League of American Bicyclists ranks California the 
          20th Bicycle Friendly State in the country where they have 
          assessed a state's bicycle related legislation, policies and 
          programs, infrastructure, education and encouragement, 
          evaluation and planning, and enforcement. Specifically, 
          California received an "F" for infrastructure, which is a 
          measure of the infrastructure and how it's funded and reflects 
          data on specific performance measurements, i.e. in the amount of 
          facilities and spending amounts for bicycling. Other examples 
          include the percentage of state highways with shoulders, signed 
          bike routes, trail miles, and bicycle-related project obligation 
          rates for available federal funding.

          In addition to statewide bicycle paths and trails, there are an 
          estimated 5,095 non-motor trail miles in the California state 
          park system of which 3,428 are available for use by bicyclists. 
          These trails are enjoyed throughout California at state parks, 
          state beaches, and state recreation areas. 

          The three most common general types of public use facilities 
          within the state park system that are used by visitors include 
          those for overnight use, for picnicking and for moving about the 
          park on trails, by means of foot, horse or bicycle. 67% of 
          trails within the state park system are open to bicycles with 27 
          % designated for multi-use (pedestrian, horse, and bicycle), 7 % 
          designated for bicycle and pedestrian use, and 33% are 
          maintenance roads open for use as trails. The author of this 
          bill notes that the maintenance and upkeep of bicycle trails 
          within the state park system is essential to ensuring the 
          preservation of these existing trails for current and future 
          generations. 

          The budget for the state park system has decreased at both the 
          state and federal levels, while bicycle use for recreation and 
          transportation in California has increased. The current budget 
          has caused a backlog of $1.3 billion in deferred maintenance 







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          projects within the state park system and includes a backlog of 
          trail maintenance. Since visitor safety is the number 1 issue 
          for DPR, and many trails are older structures that are subject 
          to environmental conditions, trail maintenance is an important 
          issue for DPR. In 2011, DPR spent over $1.1 million on trail 
          maintenance.

          According to the author, this bill is estimated to generate $3.9 
          million per year, of which a portion would be used for trail 
          maintenance as specified and an unknown portion would be used 
          for administrative costs by the BOE.  Because most retailers 
          already have the system, capacity and means of submitting 
          reports and fees to the BOE, the cost to retailers is estimated 
          to be small.

          As defined in the bill, "bicycle" means a device upon which any 
          person may ride, propelled exclusively by human power through a 
          belt, chain, or gears, and having either two or three wheels in 
          a tandem or tricycle arrangement. Thus, all bicycles larger than 
          a child's tricycle will have the imposed surcharge. The 
          surcharge is a set price making it a higher percentage of the 
          purchase price on less expensive bikes. For example, a $40 bike 
          would have a surcharge of 5% of the purchase price whereas a 
          $2,000 bike would have a surcharge of 0.1% of the purchase 
          price. 

           Supporting Arguments:  The author emphasizes in support of this 
          bill that it is known that bicycling is found to contribute to 
          positive physical and mental health and studies show that 
          bicycle trails encourage tourism and generate local business 
          revenues. Additional supporters state that "Parks are a vital 
          piece of California history and it does not do them justice to 
          let them fall into an irreversible disrepair...bicycle trails 
          have been proven to increase tourism, which helps to stimulate 
          the local economy?this bill will help to ensure the betterment 
          of the environment, the economy, and the overall quality of life 
          of the people of California". Further, supporters assert that 
          this bill will keep bicycle trails, paths and facilities 
          maintained and in safe condition for all Californians and the 
          millions of tourists who use the state park bicycle trails every 
          year. 

           Opposing Arguments:   Opponents state, "AB 1989 is not so much a 
          surcharge as it is a tax". And, while bicycle advocates agree 
          that funding of bicycle paths and trails is important, they 







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          disagree that a new fee on bicycles is an appropriate way to 
          raise the funds for this purpose.  "Many Californians are 
          turning to bicycles for transportation to avoid the high cost of 
          gasoline and car ownership. We should encourage this very 
          healthy response to difficult times, instead of tacking a fee 
          onto the cost of a new bike."

          Additional issues / questions for the Committee to consider:
                 
           This bill would be the first use charge placed onto the purchase 
          of bicycles in California  . Since 1988, the city of Colorado 
          Springs, CO has had a city ordinance for a bicycle excise tax 
          whereby an excise tax is placed on the purchase of all new 
          bicycles for bicycle lanes, trails and improvements to roadways. 
          In the first 20 years, the tax raised $2 million in revenue. In 
          2011, a bill similar to AB 1989 was introduced in Maine, where 
          the bill proposed to impose a 2% surcharge on the purchase of 
          all bikes for the building, improving, and maintaining of 
          bikeways along the state's roads. The bill was unanimously 
          defeated. The idea of a surcharge on bicycle purchases in Oregon 
          has been discussed, but no legislation was found.
             
           Texas passed legislation in 2007 that amended the tax code such 
          that 94% of sales tax revenue on sporting goods was credited to 
          the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and 6% was credited to 
          the Texas Historical Commission. The intent was that "sales tax 
          revenue generated from the sale of "sporting goods" must fund, 
          at a minimum, the appropriations made by the 80th Legislature 
          regarding state parks, local parks, historic sites, coastal 
          management programs, and water planning."


           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees 
          (AFL-CIO)
          California State Parks Foundation
          Friends of Allensworth
          Sierra Club

          Several Individuals

           Opposition 







                                                                 AB 1989
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          California Bicycle Coalition
          California Chamber of Commerce
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Mandy Arens / W., P. & W. / (916) 
          319-2096