BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1991
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          Date of Hearing:   April 10, 2012

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HUMAN SERVICES
                                Jim Beall Jr., Chair
                 AB 1991 (Smyth) - As Introduced:  February 23, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :  Child care:  exemption from licensure:  public 
          recreation programs

           SUMMARY  :  Extends the hours and weeks of operation for public 
          recreation programs for kindergarten through 12th grade from 16 
          to 20 hours per week or less, and from 12 to 14 weeks or less 
          during a 12-month period.

           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Defines a public recreation program as a program operated by 
            the state, city, county, special district, school district, 
            community college district, chartered city, or chartered city 
            and county that meets one of the following three conditions:

             a)   The program is provided for children in grades K-12 and 
               operates during non-school hours for less than 16 hours per 
               week for 12 weeks or less within a 12-month period;

             b)   The program is provided for children over the age of 
               four years and nine months and not yet enrolled in school 
               and operates for less than 16 hours per week and for a 
               total of 12 weeks within a 12-month period; or,

             c)   The program is provided to children under the age of 
               four years and nine months that is operated for 12 hours or 
               less per week and 12 weeks or less during a 12-month 
               period, as specified.

          2)Provides for the licensing and regulation of child day care 
            facilities by the Community Care Licensing Division (CCLD) of 
            the state Department of Social Services (DSS).

          3)Provides 14 exemptions from the licensing requirements, 
            including public recreation programs, of the Child Day Care 
            Facilities Act (CDCF Act) for the following entities, as 
            defined: 

             a)   Health facilities;







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             b)   Clinics; 
             c)   Community care facilities;
             d)   Family day care homes;
             e)   Cooperative care arrangements that involve no payment;
             f)   Care of children by a relative;
              g)   Public recreation programs  ;
             h)   Extended day care programs operated by public or private 
               schools;
             i)   School parenting or adult education child care programs;
             j)   A child care program that operates only once per week 
               for four hours;
             aa)  Temporary child care services;
             bb)  Any program that provides instructional activities for 
               children that is operated when school is not in session and 
               whose sessions do not exceed a specified number of days;
             cc)  A substance abuse treatment program for women and 
               children, as specified; and
             dd)  Crisis nurseries.

          4)Requires every public recreation program employer to require all 
            current and new employees having direct contact with minors to 
            submit one set of fingerprints to the Department of Justice as a 
            condition of employment.  AB 2986 (Campbell), Chapter 1097, 
            Statutes of 1992.

          5)Defines "child day care facility" as a facility that provides 
            nonmedical care to children less than 18 years of age in need of 
            personal services, supervision, or assistance essential for 
            sustaining the activities of daily living or for the protection of 
            the individual on less than a 24-hour basis.  Child day care 
            facility includes day care centers, employer-sponsored child care 
            centers, and family day care homes.  Health and Safety Code 
            �1596.750.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, this bill is intended to 
          assist parents with their child care needs and ease the 
          challenges of their busy schedules.  He states that,

               Today, the challenges associated with identifying 
               quality and affordable after school care, can be 
               daunting for parents struggling to accommodate work 
               schedules, early release school days, teacher work 
               weeks, school holidays, and many other school calendar 







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               demands.  With a limit of 16 hours per week, before 
               and after school programs run by public parks and 
               recreation providers are limited in their ability to 
               provide for school-aged children during non-school 
               hours.  �This bill] aims to help parents by increasing 
               the amount of time public parks and recreation 
               programs are allowed to provide services outside 
               school hours. 

          This bill would extend the operational hours of public 
          recreation programs from its current 16 hours per week to 20 
          hours per week, and from 12 to 14 weeks during a 12-month 
          period.

           Child care licensure
           Under the CDCF Act, CCLD requires child day care centers to 
          provide safe and healthy environments for children.  To 
          accomplish this, the CDCF Act requires that child day care 
          centers obtain a license and comply with certain standards.  
          Current law also authorizes DSS or a county licensing agency to 
          waive licensing requirements under certain conditions.

          Several entities are exempted from the licensure requirement for 
          various policy reasons.  Currently, there are 14 categories (see 
          Existing Law, above, for the full list) exempted from obtaining 
          a license, including public recreational programs.  It is not 
          entirely clear why public recreation programs were initially 
          exempted but according to historical analyses, AB 2986 
          (Campbell), Chapter 1097, Statutes of 1992, it appears that this 
          exemption was created in part with the rationale that these 
          public recreation programs were of "short duration." 

          The policy question raised by this bill is whether an expansion 
          of the hours that unlicensed public recreation programs are 
          allowed to operate is appropriate.  From a practical 
          perspective, extending hours to accommodate a parent's busy 
          schedule and offer more convenient drop-off and pick-up 
          schedules makes sense.  There are, however, more considerations 
          than parental schedule conflicts that come into play when giving 
          more latitude to unlicensed facilities that are responsible for 
          a vulnerable population, such as children.  While these programs 
          have a requirement to have fingerprints of employees, they are 
          exempt from myriad other requirements that ensure that the child 
          is safe and healthy.  The following are several of the Title 22 
          General Licensing Requirements for Child Care Centers:







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           Essential health and safety regulations:
                  Fire clearance
                 Capacity determination 
                 Teacher: child ratio 
                 Indoor/outdoor space requirements 
                 Staffing for water activities

           Regulations that help ensure quality:
                  Administrator qualifications 
                 Director qualifications 
                 Teacher and teacher aide qualifications 
                 Food service 

           Regulations that shouldn't cost too much but are helpful:
                  Reporting (e.g. injury, unusual incident or epidemic to 
               CCLD)   
                 Personal rights 
                 Prohibition on physical discipline 
                 Immunization records  
                 Working telephone 
                 Daily inspection for illness 
                 Sign in and sign out 
                 Napping space and equipment 
                 Smoking prohibited

           Analysis
           Public recreation programs are distinct from child day care 
          facilities in that they offer focused activities such as art, 
          karate, and dance programs.  The intent of the program is to 
          offer activities that enhance a child's learning and to some 
          extent socialization skills.  The fact that the programs are not 
          as lengthy in hours of operation and are narrow in scope is the 
          likely reason that the Legislature limited their hours in lieu 
          of requiring them to be licensed and therefore subject to 
          oversight by CCLD.  

          Expanding the hours of operation of public recreation programs 
          arguably changes the nature of the program from recreation to 
          child care.  Under the provisions of this bill, children could 
          spend, on average, an increase of almost one additional hour per 
          day at these programs-from up to 3.2 hours per day to up to 4 
          hours per day for a 5-day week.  In brief, even though parents 
          face child-rearing challenges and hectic schedules, the 
          well-being of children should be the primary focus when 







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          considering an extension of hours.  

          In support of this bill, the City of Santa Ana says that this 
          bill, that this bill "would allow agencies to better meet the 
          after school needs and demands of our community's working 
          families and provide an affordable and safe alternative to other 
          forms of after school care.  ? �I]t will ensure that we can 
          serve more low income families in our community."

           Prior legislation  :  This bill is identical to the last amended 
          version of AB 1312 (Smyth 2011).  That bill was referred to this 
          committee but was not heard prior to the house-of-origin 
          deadline for two-year bills at the request of the author.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Park and Recreation Society (sponsor)
          City of Culver City
          City of Santa Ana
          Fulton-El Camino Recreation and Park District
          Mission Oaks Recreation and Park District

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Eric Gelber / HUM. S. / (916) 319-2089