BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 1999
                                                                  Page  1


          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 1999 (Brownley)
          As Amended  April 30, 2012
          Majority vote 

           LABOR & EMPLOYMENT     5-2      JUDICIARY           6-3         
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Swanson, Alejo, Allen,    |Ayes:|Feuer, Atkins, Dickinson, |
          |     |Bonnie Lowenthal, Yamada  |     |Monning, Wieckowski,      |
          |     |                          |     |Alejo                     |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Morrell, Gorell           |Nays:|Wagner, Gorell, Jones     |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           APPROPRIATIONS      12-5                                        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Fuentes, Blumenfield,     |     |                          |
          |     |Bradford, Charles         |     |                          |
          |     |Calderon, Campos, Davis,  |     |                          |
          |     |Gatto, Ammiano, Hill,     |     |                          |
          |     |Lara, Mitchell, Solorio   |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Harkey, Donnelly,         |     |                          |
          |     |Nielsen, Norby, Wagner    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Adds "family caregiver status" to the protected 
          categories of the employment provisions of the Fair Employment 
          and Housing Act (FEHA).  Specifically,  this bill  :
            
          1)Expands the scope of prohibited bases of discrimination under 
            employment provisions of FEHA to include "family caregiver 
            status."

          2)Defines "family caregiver status" to mean an individual who 
            provides medical or supervisory care to a family member.

          3)Specifies that "family member" means a child, a parent, a 
            spouse, a domestic partner, a parent-in-law, a sibling, a 
            grandparent or a grandchild, as those terms are defined.









                                                                  AB 1999
                                                                  Page  2


          4)Makes related technical and conforming changes.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, this bill will result in enforcement costs likely in 
          excess of $150,000 to the Department of Fair Employment and 
          Housing.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill proposes to include "family caregiver 
          status" in the list of prohibited bases for employment 
          discrimination.  In the past, discrimination cases have been 
          brought by employees using existing federal or state statutes 
          that, while providing remedies for some form of discrimination, 
          do not directly address an employee's status as a family 
          caregiver as a protected class.  Instead these employees have 
          had to try to fit their circumstances into narrow definitions in 
          the statutes, or to ask courts to apply decisional law in many 
          jurisdictions to their case, to be able to fashion some remedy.  



          Supporters argue that "family responsibilities discrimination" 
          (FRD) is discrimination against employees based on their family 
          care obligations or their status as a caregiver.  FRD may 
          include discrimination against pregnant workers, mothers and 
          fathers who actively participate in child care, and workers who 
          care for aging parents, ill or disabled spouses or other family 
          members. 

          Although caregiver discrimination is painfully common, 
          supporters state that no California or federal statute expressly 
          prohibits discrimination based on family responsibilities.  As a 
          result, most caregiver cases are brought using a patchwork of 
          claims under federal and state antidiscrimination and leave 
          laws.  Still, this patchwork of claims leaves many workers 
          unprotected, like fathers who are discriminated against for 
          family responsibilities, and leaves employers unclear as to what 
          their obligations are in this area. 

          Supporters content that this bill would make clear that an 
          employer may not discriminate against an employee for family 
          caregiver responsibilities by adding "family caregiver status" 
          to the list of protected categories (e.g., race, sex, religion, 
          etc.) under the employment provisions of FEHA.
           








                                                                  AB 1999
                                                                  Page  3


          Finally, they argue that this would not only benefit a wide 
          range of caregivers who struggle daily to balance the demands of 
          work and family, but would also greatly impact those in need of 
          care at a time when the state is experiencing record cuts to 
          social services.

          Opponents state that this bill significantly seeks to expand the 
          protections under FEHA, which will hamper California employers' 
          ability to conduct business and unfairly subject them to costly 
          litigation.  Opponents contend that such a broad application of 
          a protected classification will hamper an employers' ability to 
          manage the workplace, as any adverse employment action the 
          employer takes against an employee could be potentially 
          challenged as discriminatory on the basis of "family caregiver 
          status."

          Opponents also argue that California already protects employees 
          from discrimination on the basis of sex and pregnancy.  
          Similarly, California provides employees with leave to care for 
          the serious medical condition of family members, which may be 
          compensated through California's Paid Family Leave Act.  
          Opponents note that there were approximately 19,500 
          discrimination claims filed in 2010 with the Department of Fair 
          Employment and Housing under FEHA, which was 1,000 complaints 
          more than in 2009.  Adding this new expansive classification to 
          FEHA will only cause such cases to dramatically increase, 
          placing California employers at a significant disadvantage.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Ben Ebbink / L. & E. / (916) 319-2091 


                                                                FN: 0003847