BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2061
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 9, 2012

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION
                               Bonnie Lowenthal, Chair
                    AB 2061 (Norby) - As Amended:  March 22, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :   Provisional driver's licenses

           SUMMARY  :   Allows provisional licensees to transport, without 
          adult supervision, non-family members for essential educational 
          activities.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Allows  the holder of a provisional driver's license to drive 
            at any hour to transport an immediate family member without 
            being accompanied and supervised by a licensed driver who is 
            the licensee's parent or guardian, a licensed driver who is 25 
            years of age or older, or a licensed or certified driving 
            instructor, due to the necessity of the  licensee or the 
            licensee's immediate family member when reasonable 
            transportation facilities are inadequate and operation of a 
            vehicle by a minor is necessary to transport the licensee or 
            the licensee's immediate family member.

          2)Allows the holder of a provisional license to transport 
            persons other than immediate family members who may rely on 
            the licensee for essential education-related transportation, 
            including, but not limited to, school carpools, under the same 
            conditions as described in 1) above.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires driver's licenses for persons who are 16 or 17 years 
            of age to carry restrictions established within the 
            provisional licensing program described below. 

          2)Prohibits, during the first 12 months after issuance of a 
            provisional license, the licensee from driving between the 
            hours of 11 p.m. and 5 a.m., or transporting passengers who 
            are under 20 years of age, unless accompanied and supervised 
            by a licensed driver who is the licensee's parent or guardian, 
            a licensed driver who is 25 years of age or older, or a 
            licensed or certified driving instructor.

          3)Allows, however, a provisional licensee to drive between the 
            hours of 11 p.m. and 5 a.m. or transport an immediate family 








                                                                  AB 2061
                                                                  Page  2

            member without supervision for: medical necessity of the 
            licensee when reasonable transportation facilities are 
            inadequate and operation of a vehicle by a minor is necessary; 
            schooling or school-authorized activities of the licensee when 
            reasonable transportation facilities are inadequate and 
            operation of a vehicle by a minor is necessary; employment 
            necessity of the licensee when reasonable transportation 
            facilities are inadequate and operation of a vehicle by a 
            minor is necessary; necessity of the licensee or the 
            licensee's immediate family member when reasonable 
            transportation facilities are inadequate and operation of a 
            vehicle by a minor is necessary to transport the licensee or 
            the licensee's immediate family member; or if the licensee is 
            an emancipated minor.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   The author has introduced this bill in order to 
          address that problem of school functions where a provisionally 
          licensed driver is allowed to drive home only members of his or 
          her immediate family, whereas the driver may have friends who 
          need a ride due to their parents being unavailable to transport 
          them at that particular time.  Under existing GDL restrictions, 
          the provisional licensee is prohibited from offering this favor 
          for his or her friends and, indirectly, to relieve the burden 
          the prospective passengers' parents.

          It has long been recognized that it is within the initial months 
          of his or her licensure that a new driver faces the greatest 
          likelihood of being involved in a vehicular accident.  It is 
          also well-established that many adolescents are inherently 
          risk-takers and that this behavior is often exacerbated when 
          they are in the company of their friends.

          As a consequence, there has been for the past two decades a 
          national push for the adoption of graduated driver's license 
          (GDL) programs, wherein states place additional restrictions on 
          the licenses of young, new drivers.  As the State PTA points 
          out, the GDL system "introduces them to driving in a low-risk 
          way, as they become more mature and develop their driving 
          skills."

          In California, prior to 1998, learner's permits and provisional 
          driver's licenses were issued to persons between 15 and 18 years 
          of age.  Those licenses did not impose unique restrictions on 








                                                                  AB 2061
                                                                  Page  3

          teen driving, but carried increased sanctions for violations of 
          the Vehicle Code before reaching the age of 18.  SB 1329 
          (Leslie), Chapter 760, Statutes of 1997, enacted the initial 
          iteration of California's current GDL statutory scheme, placing 
          restrictions on the activities (driving at night, driving with 
          teenaged passengers, etc.) of 16- and 17-year old drivers for 
          the initial phase of licensure.  

          AB 1474 (Maze), Chapter 337, Statutes of 2005, extended the time 
          frame, from 6 to 12 months, during which a provisional licensee 
          is prohibited from operating a vehicle while transporting 
          individuals under the age of 20.  It also prohibited provisional 
          licensees from driving between the hours of 11:00 p.m. and 5:00 
          a.m., instead of 12:00 a.m. and 5:00 a.m., during their first 12 
          months of licensure, without a signed statement attesting that 
          the driver's assistance is needed for medical, employment, 
          schooling, or family transportation purposes.  

          This bill would move in the opposite direction by allowing 
          provisional licensees to transport nonfamily members for 
          essential educational activities under the same conditions that 
          presently apply to the transport of immediate family members of 
          those provisional licensees.  Additionally, there would be no 
          time restriction on this privilege.

          The auto clubs, which oppose this bill, offer data showing that 
          the crash rate per mile driven by 16-year olds is six times 
          higher than for 20-year olds.  They also point out that "during 
          the second year of California's GDL law, there was a 40% decline 
          in teen passenger deaths and injuries and a 30% decline in 
          preteen passenger deaths and injuries from 16-year-old drivers. 
          A national study of passenger restrictions by the IIHS found a 
          21% reduction in the fatal crash rate of 15-17-year-olds when 
          beginners were prohibited from driving with any teenagers in 
          their vehicles."

          It is understood that the author of this bill nevertheless 
          believes that GDL programs are overly intrusive and impinge upon 
          the rights and responsibilities of parents.  It is, however, 
          difficult to understand why the initial attempt to scale back 
          GDL restrictions would authorize groups of teens to travel by 
          car late at night.  This would seem to be precisely the scenario 
          that GDL laws are designed to address.

          Should the Committee in fact agree with the author that current 








                                                                  AB 2061
                                                                  Page  4

          GDL conditions are overly restrictive, it might wish to consider 
          whether the privilege granted by this bill should apply on a 
          24-hour basis.  Given the many challenges faced by 
          inexperienced, young drivers, allowing them to transport their 
          friends during late night/early morning hours would appear to be 
          tempting fate.  At the very least, applying the existing 11:00 
          p.m. to 5:00 a.m. restriction to this bill should be considered, 
          if not a complete hours-of-darkness limitation.  The bill also 
          raises an interesting question in that it retains the existing 
          requirement for parental consent, but this applies only to the 
          parent of the driver.  Since the bill expands the GDL school 
          transportation exemption beyond the driver's immediate family, 
          it would necessarily involve the transportation of individuals 
          who are not the children of the driver's parent.  If it chooses 
          to pass this bill, the Committee may wish to require that those 
          friends have the permission of their own parents as well.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file

           Opposition 
           
          AAA Northern California, Nevada and Utah
          Association of California Insurance Companies
          Automobile Club of Southern California
          California Association of Highway Patrolmen
          California State PTA
          Personal Insurance Federation of California
          State Farm Insurance
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Howard Posner / TRANS. / (916) 319-2093