BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                            2011-2012 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 2145
          AUTHOR:        Alejo
          AMENDED:       May 25, 2012
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE: June 27, 2012
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lynn Lorber

           SUBJECT  :  Discipline data.
          
           SUMMARY
           
          This bill requires the California Department of Education to 
          disaggregate and report data related to referrals to a school 
          attendance review board and post disaggregated expulsion and 
          suspension data on its website, and requires schools 
          districts to maintain data relative to expended suspensions. 

           BACKGROUND
           
           School attendance review board
           
          Current law:

          1)   Defines a truant as a pupil who is absent from school  
               without a valid excuse three full days in one school 
               year or tardy or absent for more than any 30-minute 
               period during the schoolday without a valid excuse on 
               three occasions in one school year, or any combination 
               thereof.  (EC � 48260)

          2)   Requires any pupil who has once been reported as a 
               truant and who is again absent or tardy to again be 
               reported as a truant.  (EC � 48261)

          3)   Defines a habitual truant as a pupil who has been 
               reported as a truant three or more times per school year 
               (at least five days), if an appropriate district officer 
               or employee has made a conscientious effort to hold at 
               least one conference with a parent and the pupil.  (EC � 
               48262)

          4)   Authorizes a pupil to be referred to a school attendance 




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               review board or to the probation department (if the 
               probation department has elected to receive these 
               referrals) if the pupil is a habitual truant or is 
               irregular in attendance or is habitually insubordinate 
               or disorderly.  (EC � 48263)

           Expulsion and suspension data  

          Current law:

          Requires school districts, for purposes of parental 
          notification and for reporting data to the California 
          Department of Education, to identify by offense committed in 
          all appropriate official records of a pupil each suspension 
          or expulsion of that pupil.  (EC � 48900.8)

          Requires school districts to maintain the following data:

          1)   The number of pupils recommended for expulsion.
          2)   The grounds for each recommended expulsion.
          3)   Whether the pupil was subsequently expelled.
          4)   Whether the expulsion order was suspended.
          5)   The type of referral made after the expulsion.
          6)   The disposition of the pupil after the end of the period 
               of expulsion.       
               (EC � 48916.1)

          Prohibits a pupil from being suspended or recommended for 
          expulsion unless the principal of the school determines that 
          the pupil has committed certain acts, and gives schools the 
          discretion to take action for most offenses.  
          (Education Code � 48900, 48900.2, 48900.3, 48900.4, 48900.7, 
          48915)

           Annual Dropout Report
           
          Current law requires, beginning August 1, 2011, the 
          Superintendent of Public Instruction to produce the Annual 
          Report on Dropouts in California using CALPADS data.  This 
          report must include specific information, such as dropout and 
          promotion rates, and when available, other information such 
          as suspension, expulsion and truancy data.  (Education Code � 
          48070.6)

           The California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System 
          (CALPADS)




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          CALPADS is designed to facilitate program evaluation, 
          assessment of student achievement over time, the calculation 
          of more accurate dropout and graduation rates, and the 
          creation of reports to meet state and federal reporting 
          requirements.  Data for CALPADS is collected from local 
          education agencies (LEAs), which are required to retain and 
          report specified individual pupil and staff records.  (EC � 
          60900)

          CALPADS includes data about pupils, school staff and courses. 
           Pupil-level data includes:

          1)   Enrollments and exits from specific schools.
          2)   Demographics (e.g. ethnicity, primary language).
          3)   Program eligibility and participation (e.g. special 
               education, free-reduced price lunch, Title I).
          4)   Program information and services.
          5)   Grade level.
          6)   English language acquisition status.
          7)   Course enrollment and completion.


          8)   Discipline (suspension, expulsion, truancy).
          9)   Health (immunizations).
          10)  Statewide assessment (test scores).

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  requires the California Department of Education to 
          disaggregate and report data related to referrals to a school 
          attendance review board and post disaggregated expulsion and 
          suspension data on its website, and requires schools 
          districts to maintain data relative to expended suspensions.  
          Specifically, this bill:

           Suspension and expulsion data
           
          1)   Requires the California Department of Education (CDE), 
               on an annual basis using CALPADS or other pupil data, 
               make expulsion and suspension data submitted by school 
               districts available to the public on its website in a 
               manner that reflects all fields collected, including:

               a)        The district and school.
               b)        The offense for which the suspension or 




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               expulsion was imposed.
               c)        The total number of suspensions and expulsions 
               imposed.
               d)        The total number of pupils suspended or 
               expelled.

          2)   Requires the CDE, to the extent possible, disaggregate 
               the expulsion and suspension data by:

               a)        Ethnicity.
               b)        Special education status.
               c)        English learners.
               d)        Socioeconomic status.
               e)        Gender

          3)   Adds to the expulsion data that school districts are 
               required to maintain whether the suspension preceding 
               the expulsion was extended and if so, the total number 
               of days served under the extended expulsion.

          4)   Requires the CDE, on an annual basis using CALPADS or 
               other pupil data, to the extent possible, make the data 
               regarding extended suspensions available the public on 
               its website, and requires CDE to disaggregate this data 
               by the characteristics listed in #1.

           School attendance review board

           5)   Requires the CDE, on an annual basis using CALPADS or 
               other pupil data, to the extent possible, desegregate 
               the number and types of referral to school attendance 
               review boards by the characteristics listed in #1.



           All discipline data
           
          6)   Requires the CDE, to the extent possible, to 
               cross-tabulate all the categories by gender and special 
               education status, and post the data on its website.  

          7)   Requires the CDE to make the data for the preceding 
               school year available by July 1 of each year, or if the 
               data is not available by July 1, requires the 
               Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to report to 
               the Legislature by July 1 regarding the reasons for the 




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               delay and the anticipated date the data will be 
               available.

          8)   Prohibits disaggregated data from being made publicly 
               available in a manner that reveals personally 
               identifiable information.

          9)   Prohibits the manner in which the data is displayed on 
               CDE's website from resulting in pupil suspensions being 
               counted more than one time against the overall 
               suspension numbers for a school, school district, county 
               or the state.

           Annual Report on Dropouts in California

           10)  Adds to Annual Report on Dropouts in California report, 
               if possible, behavioral data, including suspensions and 
               expulsions.

           STAFF COMMENTS
           
           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, "The 
               current data reported by the state systems are not 
               sufficient to allow policymakers and California 
               residents to accurately assess the issue of school 
               suspensions and expulsion preventing the ability to 
               create policies that will improve school conditions and 
               safety.  It is also insufficient for purposes of 
               determining proactive state policy and monitoring for 
               issues with disproportionate use of suspensions and 
               expulsions for students of all subgroups.  The current 
               data provided gives enough information to show that 
               there is a problem but it does not show enough 
               information to be able to fix it."

           2)   Work has begun  .  The CDE has apparently begun work to 
               implement the CALPADS data collection requirements of 
               this bill, including collecting disaggregated data.  
           
           3)   Fiscal impact  .  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
               Committee, this bill imposes minor, absorbable General 
               Fund (Proposition 98) costs to CDE to collect and 
               publish data related to pupil suspension and expulsions, 
               as specified.  

           4)   Related legislation  .  SB 473 (Price) requires the Annual 




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               Report on Dropouts in California to include information 
               on the number of schools in the state that offer dropout 
               prevention or dropout recovery programs, as specified.  
               SB 473 was held on the Senate Appropriations Committee's 
               suspense file.


               SB 1088 (Price) requires school districts to conduct a 
               second review for the readmission of pupils who have 
               been expelled and denied readmission, and prohibits 
               school from denying enrollment or readmission to pupils 
               solely on the basis that he or she has had contact with 
               the juvenile justice system.  SB 1088 is scheduled to be 
               heard by the Assembly Education Committee on June 27.

               SB 1235 (Steinberg) requires schools that have suspended 
               more than 25% of the school's enrollment or more than 
               25% of any numerically significant racial or ethnic 
               subgroup of the school's enrollment in the prior school 
               year to implement, for at least three years, at least 
               one specified strategies to reduce the suspension rate 
               or disproportionality.  SB 1235 is scheduled to be heard 
               by the Assembly Education Committee on June 27.

               SB 1497 (Negrete McLeod) prohibits a pupil from being 
               included more than one time in the dropout rates used 
               for the Annual Report on Dropouts in California.  AB 
               1497 is scheduled to be heard by the Assembly Education 
               Committee on June 27, 2012.

               AB 1729 (Ammiano) removes some discretion for suspension 
               upon a first offense and authorizes the use and 
               documentation of other means of correction.  AB 1729 is 
               scheduled to be heard by this Committee on June 27, 2012

               AB 1732 (Campos) identifies conduct that would 
               constitute a post on a social media website, relative to 
               cyberbullying.  AB 1732 is pending on the Senate Floor.

               AB 1909 (Ammiano) requires schools to notify a foster 
               youth's attorney and representative of the county child 
               welfare agency of pending expulsion or other 
               disciplinary proceedings.  AB 1909 is scheduled to be 
               heard by the Senate Human Services Committee on June 26, 
               2012.





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               AB 2032 (Mendoza) requires charter schools to be subject 
               to the same suspension and expulsion provisions as other 
               public schools.  AB 2032 was held on the Assembly 
               Appropriations Committee's suspense file.

               AB 2242 (Dickinson) prohibits pupils who are found to 
               have disrupted school activities or otherwise willfully 
               defied the authority of school officials from being 
               subject to extended suspension or recommended for 
               expulsion.  AB 2242 is scheduled to be heard by this 
               Committee on June 27, 2012.

               AB 2300 (Swanson) requires school districts to expunge 
               from a pupil's records a suspension for certain acts if 
               the pupil completes five hours of community service.  AB 
               2300 was held on the Assembly Appropriations Committee's 
               suspense file.



               AB 2537 (V. Manuel Perez) grants discretion to school 
               principals to make a determination of the 
               appropriateness of the expulsion of a pupil who has 
               unlawfully sold a controlled substance, and makes other 
               changes relative to mandatory expulsions.  AB 2537 is 
               scheduled to be heard by this Committee on June 27, 
               2012.

               AB 2616 (Carter) creates a new option for the first time 
               a truancy report is issued, shifts the existing 
               consequences for the first truancy to the second 
               truancy, and eliminates the mandate that a pupil found 
               truant for the fourth time in one school year be 
               referred to the juvenile court.  AB 2616 is scheduled to 
               be heard by this Committee on June 27, 2012.

           SUPPORT
           
          Advancement Project
          American Civil Liberties Union
          Association of California School Administrators
          Black Organizing Project
          Black Parallel School Board
          California Association for Bilingual Education
          California Association for Parent-Child Advocacy
          California Charter Schools Association Advocates




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          Californians for Justice Education Fund
          Californians Together
          California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation
          California School Health Centers Association
          California State Conference of the National Association for 
          the Advancement of 
               Colored People
          California State PTA
          California Teachers Association
          Center on Juvenile & Criminal Justice
          Children Now
          Children's Defense Fund
          Community Asset Development Re-defining Education
          Community Coalition
          Disability Rights California
          Disability Rights Education & Defense Fund
          Disability Rights Legal Center
          Education Trust-West
          EdVoice
          Equal Rights Advocates
          Fight Crime: Invest in Kids
          Forward Together
          Fresno Barrios Unidos
          InnerCity Struggle
          Labor/Community Strategy Center's Community Rights Campaign
          Legal Advocates for Children & Youth
          Legal Services for Children
          Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce
          Los Angeles Unified School District Board Member Nury 
          Martinez
          Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund
          National Center for Youth Law
          Northern California Association of Counsel for Children
          PICO California
          PolicyLink
          Public Counsel
          Restorative Justice for Oakland Youth
          Restorative Schools Vision Project
          San Francisco Unified School District
          Youth & Education Law Project, Mills Legal Clinic
          Youth Justice Coalition
          Youth Law Center

          An individual

           OPPOSITION




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           None on file.