BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2162
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          Date of Hearing:   April 17, 2012

                  ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS AND REDISTRICTING
                                  Paul Fong, Chair
               AB 2162 (Portantino) - As Introduced:  February 23, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :   Political Reform Act of 1974: economic interest 
          disclosure.

           SUMMARY  :   Revises the dollar thresholds that are used to report 
          the value of investments, real property interests, and income, 
          when a public official files a Statement of Economic Interest 
          (SEI).  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires specified public officials or candidates, when 
            required to report an investment or interest in real property 
            on an SEI, to disclose the fair market value of the investment 
            or interest in real property by selecting one of the following 
            thresholds: 

             a)   At least two thousand dollars ($2,000) but not greater 
               than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000);

             b)   More than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) but not 
               greater than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000);

             c)   More than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) but 
               not greater than two hundred fifty thousand dollars 
               ($250,000); 

             d)   More than two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000) 
               but not greater than five hundred thousand dollars 
               ($500,000);  

             e)   More than five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000) but 
               not greater than one million dollars ($1,000,000);

             f)   More than one million dollars ($1,000,000) but not 
               greater than five million dollars ($5,000,000);

             g)   More than five million dollars ($5,000,000) but not 
               greater than ten million dollars ($10,000,000); or,

             h)   More than ten million dollars ($10,000,000).









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          2)Requires specified public officials or candidates, when 
            required to report a source of income or loan on an SEI, to 
            disclose the aggregate value of income from the source, or in 
            the case of a loan, the highest amount owed to the source, by 
            selecting one of the following thresholds:

             a)   At least five hundred dollars ($500) but not greater 
               than one thousand dollars ($1,000);

             b)   More than one thousand dollars ($1,000) but not greater 
               than ten thousand dollars ($10,000);

             c)   More than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) but not greater 
               than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000);

             d)   More than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) but not 
               greater than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000);

             e)   More than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) but 
               not greater than two hundred fifty thousand dollars 
               ($250,000); 

             f)   More than two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000)  
               but not greater than five hundred thousand dollars 
               ($500,000);  

             g)   More than five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000) but 
               not greater than one million dollars ($1,000,000);

             h)   More than one million dollars ($1,000,000) but not 
               greater than five million dollars ($5,000,000);

             i)   More than five million dollars ($5,000,000) but not 
               greater than ten million dollars ($10,000,000); or,

             j)   More than ten million dollars ($10,000,000).

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Creates the Fair Political Practices Commission (FPPC), and 
            makes it responsible for the impartial, effective 
            administration and implementation of the Political Reform Act 
            (PRA).

          2)Requires that candidates for, and current holders of, 








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            specified elected or appointed state and local offices and 
            designated employees of state and local agencies file SEIs 
            disclosing their financial interests, including investments, 
            real property interests, and income.  Requires filers to file 
            the SEIs annually and at other periods of time, such as when 
            assuming or leaving office.

          3)Requires the filers stated above, when required to report an 
            investment or interest in real property on an SEI, to disclose 
            the fair market value of the investment or real property 
            interest by selecting one of the following thresholds:

             a)   Equals or exceeds two thousand dollars ($2,000) but does 
               not exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000);

             b)   Exceeds ten thousand dollars ($10,000) but does not 
               exceed one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000);

             c)   Exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) but does 
               not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000); or

             d)   Exceeds one million dollars ($1,000,000).

          4)Requires the filers stated above, when required to report a 
            source of income or a loan on an SEI, to disclose the 
            aggregate value of income from the source, or in the case of a 
            loan, the highest amount owed to the source, by selecting one 
            of the following thresholds:

             a)   At least five hundred dollars ($500) but not greater 
               than one thousand dollars ($1,000);

             b)   More than one thousand dollars ($1,000) but not greater 
               than ten thousand dollars ($10,000);

             c)   More than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) but not greater 
               than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000); or,

             d)   More than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000).

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown.  State-mandated local program; contains 
          a crimes and infractions disclaimer.

           COMMENTS  :   









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           1)Purpose of the Bill  :  According to the author:

               The Political Reform Act of 1974 requires persons holding 
               specified public offices to file disclosures of 
               investments, real property interests, and income within 
               specified periods of assuming or leaving office, and 
               annually while holding the office.  The Act requires the 
               disclosure to include a statement indicating, within a 
               specified value range, the fair market value of investments 
               or interests in real property and the aggregate value of 
               income received from a source.

               AB 2162 will revise the dollar amounts associated with 
               these ranges to provide for 8 total ranges of fair market 
               value of investments and real property interest and 10 
               total ranges of aggregate value of income.

           2)Statements of Economic Interests  :  As part of the PRA's 
            comprehensive scheme to prevent conflicts of interest by state 
            and local public officials, existing law identifies certain 
            elected and other high-level state and local officials who 
            must file SEIs. Similarly, candidates for those positions must 
            file SEIs.  Other state and local public officials and 
            employees are required to file SEIs if the position they hold 
            is designated in an agency's conflict of interest code.  A 
            position is designated in an agency's conflict of interest 
            code when the position entails the making or participation in 
            the making of governmental decisions that may foreseeably have 
            a material financial effect on the decision maker's financial 
            interests.  While the exact number of people that are required 
            to file SEIs is unknown, the FPPC has estimated that the 
            number exceeds 200,000 officials and employees statewide.

          The information that must be disclosed on an SEI, and the 
            location at which an SEI is filed, varies depending on the 
            position held by the individual who is required to file an 
            SEI.  Although there are some exceptions, individuals who are 
            required to file an SEI typically must file that document with 
            the agency of which they are an elected official or by which 
            they are employed.

           3)Does This Bill Provide Transparency  ?  One of the original 
            purposes of the PRA was to ensure that public officials 
            disclose income and assets that could be affected by official 
            actions and disqualify themselves from participating in 








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            decisions when they have conflicts of interest.  In the 
            background material provided by the author's office, the 
            author argues that, due to inflation and economic changes, the 
            current thresholds are not adequately serving the purposes for 
            which the PRA was passed and therefore need to be changed.  If 
            a public official or a candidate reports that he or she 
            receives income of over $1,000,000 from one source, isn't that 
            sufficient information to determine whether there could be a 
            possible conflict of interest regarding related public policy 
            issues?  If this bill becomes law, would increasing the 
            threshold to illustrate income of more than $5,000,000 help to 
            illustrate whether there is a potential conflict of interest 
            or rather simply illustrate the person's wealth?  On the other 
            hand, if a public official or candidate's net worth exceeds 
            tens or hundreds of millions of dollars, disclosure of that 
            information may seem reasonable.  The committee may wish to 
            consider whether the increased specificity proposed by this 
            bill will succeed in identifying potential conflicts of 
            interest or will the bill simply result in more burdensome 
            reporting. 

           4)Previous Legislation  :  AB 1391 (Leno) of 2006, would have 
            revised the dollar thresholds for the aggregate value of 
            income from each source that filers would be required to 
            report on their SEIs, among other provisions.  AB 1391 died on 
            the Senate inactive file.  
             
             AB 2432 (Montanez) of 2006, which was substantially similar, 
            would have revised the dollar thresholds for the aggregate 
            value of income from each source that filers would be required 
            to report on their SEIs.  AB 2432 was not heard in this 
            committee.

           5)Political Reform Act of 1974  :  California voters passed an 
            initiative, Proposition 9, in 1974 that created the FPPC and 
            codified significant restrictions and prohibitions on 
            candidates, officeholders and lobbyists. That initiative is 
            commonly known as the PRA.  Amendments to the PRA that are not 
            submitted to the voters, such as those contained in this bill, 
            must further the purposes of the initiative and require a 
            two-thirds vote of both houses of the Legislature.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 








                                                                 AB 2162
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          None on file.

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Nichole Becker / E. & R. / (916) 
          319-2094