BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS 
                         AND CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
                           Senator Lou Correa, Chair


          BILL NO:   AB 2162             HEARING DATE:  7/03/12
          AUTHOR:    PORTANTINO          ANALYSIS BY:   DARREN CHESIN
          AMENDED:   AS INTRODUCED 
          FISCAL:    YES
          
                                     SUBJECT

           Political Reform Act of 1974: economic interest disclosure
           
                                  DESCRIPTION  
          
           Existing law  requires that candidates for, and current 
          holders of, specified elected or appointed state and local 
          offices and designated employees of state and local 
          agencies file statements of economic interest (SEIs) 
          disclosing their financial interests, including 
          investments, real property interests, and income.  Filers 
          must file the SEIs annually and at other periods of time, 
          including when they assume or leave office.

           Existing law  provides that a public official has a 
          financial interest in a decision if it is reasonably 
          foreseeable that the decision will have a material 
          financial effect, distinguishable from its effect on the 
          public generally, on the official, a member of his or her 
          immediate family, or on any of the following, among other 
          things:

           Any real property in which the public official has a 
            direct or indirect interest worth $2,000 or more.
           Any source of income, as specified, aggregating $500 or 
            more in value provided or promised to, received by, the 
            public official within 12 months prior to the time when 
            the decision is made.

           Existing law  requires these filers, when required to report 
          an investment or interest in real property on an SEI, to 
          disclose the fair market value of the investment or real 
          property interest by selecting one of the following 
          thresholds:










             Equals or exceeds $2,000 but does not exceed $10,000;
             Exceeds $10,000 but does not exceed $100,000;
             Exceeds $100,000 but does not exceed $1,000,000; or
             Exceeds $1,000,000.

           Existing law  requires these filers, when required to report 
          a source of income or a loan on an SEI, to disclose the 
          aggregate value of income from the source, or in the case 
          of a loan, the highest amount owed to the source, by 
          selecting one of the following thresholds:

             At least $500 but not greater than $1,000;
             More than $1,000 but not greater than $10,000;
             More than $10,000 but not greater than $100,000; or,
             More than $100,000.

           This bill  revises the dollar thresholds that are used to 
          report the value of investments, real property interests, 
          and income, when a public official files a SEI.  This bill 
          requires specified public officials or candidates, when 
          required to report an investment or interest in real 
          property on an SEI, to disclose the fair market value of 
          the investment or interest in real property by selecting 
          one of the following thresholds: 

             At least $2,000 but not greater than $25,000;
             More than $25,000 but not greater than $100,000;
             More than $100,000 but not greater than $250,000;
             More than $250,000 but not greater than $500,000;
             More than $500,000 but not greater than $1,000,000;
             More than $1,000,000 but not greater than $5,000,000;
             More than $5,000,000 but not greater than $10,000,000; 
              or,
             More than $10,000,000.

           This bill  requires specified public officials or 
          candidates, when required to report a source of income or 
          loan on an SEI, to disclose the aggregate value of income 
          from the source, or in the case of a loan, the highest 
          amount owed to the source, by selecting one of the 
          following thresholds:

             At least $500 but not greater than $1,000;
             More than $1,000 but not greater than $10,000;
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             More than $10,000 but not greater than $25,000;
             More than $25,000 but not greater than $100,000;
             More than $100,000 but not greater than $250,000;
             More than $250,000 but not greater than $500,000;
             More than $500,000 but not greater than $1,000,000;
             More than $1,000,000 but not greater than $5,000,000;
             More than $5,000,000 but not greater than $10,000,000; 
              or,
             More than $10,000,000.

                                    BACKGROUND  
          
           Statements of Economic Interests  .  As part of the Political 
          Reform Act's (PRA) comprehensive scheme to prevent 
          conflicts of interest by state and local public officials, 
          existing law identifies certain elected and other 
          high-level state and local officials who must file SEIs.  
          Similarly, candidates for those positions must also file 
          SEIs.  Other state and local public officials and employees 
          are required to file SEIs if the position they hold is 
          designated in an agency's conflict of interest code.  A 
          position is designated in an agency's conflict of interest 
          code when the position entails the making or participation 
          in the making of governmental decisions that may 
          foreseeably have a material financial effect on the 
          decision maker's financial interests.  While the exact 
          number of people that are required to file SEIs is unknown, 
          the FPPC has estimated that the number exceeds 200,000 
          officials and employees statewide.

          The information that must be disclosed on an SEI, and the 
          location at which an SEI is filed, varies depending on the 
          position held by the individual who is required to file an 
          SEI.  Although there are some exceptions, individuals who 
          are required to file an SEI typically must file that 
          document with the agency of which they are an elected 
          official or by which they are employed.  In some cases, 
          original SEIs or copies thereof are filed with the FPPC.  
           
           So, How Much Money Do You Make  ?  SEIs contain reporting 
          thresholds that are detailed for lesser amounts of income 
          but give little specificity for large amounts of income - 
          the top current threshold is "over $100,000."  It is common 
          for wealthy individuals to seek state elected office, 
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          thereby rendering the current income reporting thresholds 
          somewhat dated.  While those categorizations may have made 
          sense in the 1970s when they were originally implemented, 
          million-dollar salaries for corporate executives and others 
          are not uncommon, especially in California.

                                     COMMENTS  
          
           1.According to the author  , the Political Reform Act of 1974 
            requires persons holding specified public offices to file 
            disclosures of investments, real property interests, and 
            income within specified periods of assuming or leaving 
            office, and annually while holding the office. The act 
            requires the disclosures to include a statement 
            indicating, within a specified value range, the fair 
            market value of investments or interests in real property 
            and the aggregate value of income received from a source.

          Currently there are only 4 total ranges of fair market 
            value of investments and real property interests and 4 
            total ranges of aggregate value of income.  These values 
            have not been changed since the inception of the 
            Political Reform Act in 1974. These ranges, due to 
            inflation and economic changes, are not adequately 
            serving the purposes for which the Political Reform Act 
            was passed.  

          AB 2162 was introduced to make changes that more accurately 
            reflect the needs of the public to understand where 
            potential conflicts of interest might arise for public 
            officials and required reporting public employees.  AB 
            2162 will revise the dollar amounts associated with these 
            ranges to provide for eight total ranges of fair market 
            value of investments and real property interests and 10 
            total ranges of aggregate value of income.

           2.Is this Level of Detail Necessary?   Since the thresholds 
            for determining potential conflicts of interest for 
            government officials remain the same -- $500 or more for 
            income and $2,000 or more for investments and interests 
            in real property --  do the increased number of 
            disclosure thresholds provided in this bill serve any 
            real governmental purpose?

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            3. Previous Legislation  .  AB 1391 (Leno) of 2006, which 
             died on the Senate inactive file, would have revised the 
             dollar thresholds for the aggregate value of income from 
             each source that filers would be required to report on 
             their SEIs, among other provisions.

                                   PRIOR ACTION
           
          Assembly Elections and Redistricting Committee:  7-0
          Assembly Appropriations Committee: 16-0
          Assembly Floor:                         72-0
                                         
                                   POSITIONS  

          Sponsor: Author

           Support: None received

           Oppose:  None received























          AB 2162 (PORTANTINO)                                    
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