BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 2190
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 17, 2012

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                                 Marty Block, Chair
                  AB 2190 (John Perez) - As Amended:  March 29, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :   Postsecondary education: California Higher Education 
          Authority.

           SUMMARY  :   Establishes the California Higher Education 
          Authority, its governing board and its responsibilities.  
          Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Establishes the California Higher Education Authority 
            (Authority) to be governed by a 13-member board of directors 
            as follows:

             a)   Nine representatives of the general public, excluding 
               employees and governing board members of a California 
               postsecondary education institution, appointed to staggered 
               six-year terms, as follows:

               i)     Three members appointed by the Governor subject to 
                 confirmation by a majority of the membership of the 
                 Senate.

               ii)    Three members appointed by the Speaker of the 
                 Assembly.

               iii)   Three members appointed by the Senate Committee on 
                 Rules.

             b)   Four student representatives, as specified, appointed 
               for one-year terms, commencing on July 1, 2013. 

          2)States the intent of the Legislature that the appointment 
            process of the first members of the board of directors be 
            completed before July 1, 2013. 

          3)Provides the board of directors with actual and necessary 
            travel expenses and one hundred dollars ($100) for each day he 
            or she is attending to the official business of the authority.

          4)Authorizes the board of directors to elect a chairperson from 
            its membership and to enter into agreements with any public or 








                                                                  AB 2190
                                                                  Page  2

            private agency, officer, person, institution, corporation, 
            association, or foundation for the performance of acts or for 
            the furnishing of services, facilities, materials, goods, 
            supplies, or equipment.

          5)Requires the board of directors to appoint an executive 
            officer of the authority, who shall serve at the pleasure of 
            the board of directors and is authorized to appoint additional 
            staff of the authority as necessary.

          6)Grants the Authority the following responsibilities:

             a)   Developing, presenting, and monitoring postsecondary 
               education goals for the state, including, but not 
               necessarily limited to, monitoring and reporting on the 
               progress of the postsecondary segments toward their 
               long-term goals.

             b)   Measuring and reporting on the efficiency and 
               effectiveness of the postsecondary education segments in 
               serving the state's needs.

             c)   Making recommendations about how to improve the 
               performance of the postsecondary education segments.

             d)   Pursuing an integrated approach to the state's overall 
               postsecondary education policy by including private 
               postsecondary education within the Authority's 
               jurisdiction.

             e)   Exercising an oversight and advisory role in 
               postsecondary education capital outlay decisions.

             f)   Developing information in order to assist state and 
               local policymakers and consumers in making cost-effective 
               investments in postsecondary education and training to meet 
               the long-term goals of a strong state economy and vibrant 
               communities.

             g)   Developing and recommending strategic finance policy to 
               the Governor and the Legislature on topics including, but 
               not necessarily limited to, the allocation of state 
               appropriations among the postsecondary education segments, 
               student fee policy, and student financial aid.









                                                                  AB 2190
                                                                  Page  3

             h)   Developing and presenting basic policy parameters for 
               capacity development or realignment, including, but not 
               necessarily limited to, expansion or realignment of 
               enrollment capacity among or within the postsecondary 
               education segments, to meet the state's higher education 
               goals.

             i)   Reviewing and making recommendations to the Governor and 
               the Legislature relating to major capacity decisions, such 
               as changes in mission or the establishment of new campuses 
               or centers, that are to be financed with state 
               appropriations or state-approved student fees.

             j)   Acting as a clearinghouse for postsecondary education 
               information and as a primary source of information for the 
               Legislature, the Governor, and other agencies, and 
               developing and maintaining a comprehensive database that 
               does all of the following:

               i)     Ensures comparability of data from diverse sources.

               ii)    Supports longitudinal studies of individual students 
                 as they progress through the state's postsecondary 
                 educational institutions, as specified.

               iii)   Is compatible with the California School Information 
                 System and the student information systems developed and 
                 maintained by the public segments of higher education, as 
                 appropriate.

               iv)    Provides Internet access to data, as appropriate, to 
                 the sectors of higher education.

               v)     Provides each of the postsecondary educational 
                 segments access to the data made available to the 
                 Authority for purposes of the database, in order to 
                 support, most efficiently and effectively, statewide, 
                 segmental, and individual campus educational research 
                 information needs.

               vi)    Complies with the federal Family Educational Rights 
                 and Privacy Act of 1974 (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g) relating 
                 to the disclosure of personally identifiable information 
                 concerning students and does not make available any 
                 personally identifiable information received from a 








                                                                  AB 2190
                                                                  Page  4

                 postsecondary educational institution concerning students 
                 for any regulatory purpose unless the institution has 
                 authorized the Authority to provide that information on 
                 behalf of the institution.

               vii)   Provides 30-day notification to the chairpersons of 
                 the appropriate legislative policy and budget committees 
                 of the Legislature, to the Director of Finance, and to 
                 the Governor before making any significant changes to the 
                 student information contained in the database.

          7)Transfers to the Authority, on or after July 1, 2013, data 
            management responsibilities granted to the former California 
            Postsecondary Education Commission (CPEC), as specified in 
            existing law, and authorizes the Authority to disclose or 
            dispose of data it receives or maintains under this section 
            only as specifically authorized to do so in existing law, as 
            specified.

          8)Allows the authority to require the governing boards and the 
            institutions of public postsecondary education to submit data 
            on plans and programs, costs, selection and retention of 
            students, enrollments, plant capacities, and other matters 
            pertinent to effective planning, policy development, and 
            articulation and coordination, and shall furnish information 
            concerning these matters to the Governor and to the 
            Legislature as requested by them.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :    Background  .  Existing law establishes CPEC to be 
          responsible for coordinating public, independent, and private 
          postsecondary education in California and to provide independent 
          policy analyses and recommendations to the Legislature and the 
          Governor on postsecondary education issues.  However, CPEC's 
          budget and responsibilities were reduced over time, casting 
          doubt on its effectiveness and triggering calls for its 
          restructuring.  The Budget Act of 2011 deleted funding and 
          personnel from CPEC and asked the Legislative Analyst's Office 
          (LAO) to make recommendations on the structure and duties of a 
          statewide higher education coordinating body for California.  
          CPEC shut down in fall 2011, transferring its federal Teacher 
          Quality Improvement grant program to the California Department 
          of Education (CDE) and extensive data resources to the 
          California Community Colleges (CCC) Chancellor's Office. There 








                                                                  AB 2190
                                                                  Page  5

          is currently no coordinating entity for higher education in 
          California.

           Need for this bill  .  According to the author, "Coordination, 
          oversight and accountability in higher education are key to 
          ensuring that taxpayer dollars are being utilized in the most 
          efficient and effective manner possible and that students are 
          progressing toward their educational goals without encountering 
          unnecessary barriers.  Without CPEC, the State of California is 
          left without a steward for the public interest with respects to 
          California higher education.  In addition, in CPEC's absence 
          there is no state entity to address the multitude of issues 
          raised by the Legislative Analyst in their various reports."  
          This bill is based on the LAO's recommendations (January 2012) 
          as requested in the budget act.  


           Why is coordination important  ?  A coordinated approach can help 
          policymakers consider the higher education system as a whole and 
          develop policies and budgets that maximize the system's value to 
          the state, which becomes increasingly critical in times of 
          limited resources.  If the segments' activities are 
          complementary and they operate as an integrated system in which 
          each part adds value that is unique to its role, then their 
          combined efforts may produce more than what the institutions can 
          achieve independently.  Examples of coordinated activities 
          include easing the transfer process, regional planning to ensure 
          local needs are met, and joint degrees to take advantage of the 
          unique strengths of each system.

           Rethinking the role of coordination  .  Beginning with the 1960 
          Master Plan for Higher Education, coordination has been viewed 
          as a critical function.  While its coordinating entity evolved 
          over time and numerous Master Plan reviews, California's 
          approach to coordination has been indirect, relying mostly on 
          well-defined missions and eligibility pools to guide the 
          development of higher education institutions.  This approach 
          worked well during several decades of expansion, but its 
          effectiveness has declined over the last several decades, 
          leaving institutions to pursue their unique interests with 
          insufficient mechanisms to advance the state's priorities.  As a 
          result, researchers have called for realigning the functions of 
          coordinating bodies and provided testimony before the 
          Legislature on several occasions, including before the Joint 
          Committee on the Master Plan in 2010 and before a joint hearing 








                                                                  AB 2190
                                                                  Page  6

          of the Assembly Higher Education Committee and Budget 
          Subcommittee on Education Finance on February 22, 2012.  In its 
          January 2010 and January 2012 reports, LAO recommended 
          California's coordinating body focus on the following:

          1)Defining statewide goals and using them as a framework for 
            accountability. 

          2)Strengthening coordination, as follows:

             a)   Align funding formulas with state goals,
             b)   Simplify articulation and transfer,
             c)   Improve oversight of major policy decisions,
             d)   Reform program approval process, and,
             e)   Consider regional coordination.

          3)Rebuilding state policy leadership capacity, as follows:

             a)   Ensure the coordinating body's independence form the 
               executive and legislative branches and higher education 
               segments,
             b)   Revise the appointment process for the coordinating 
               body's governing board,
             c)   Assign clear responsibility for shepherding the public 
               agenda, and,
             d)   Create a more comprehensive statewide student database. 

           Efforts to establish state goals  .  There have been several 
          legislative attempts to develop statewide goals.  Current 
          efforts include SB 721 (Lowenthal), to be heard in this 
          Committee in June, which would establish statewide goals for 
          guiding budget and policy decisions in higher education, require 
          the LAO to convene a working group, as specified, to develop and 
          recommend specific metrics for measuring progress toward these 
          goals, and require the LAO, beginning in 2014 and as part of the 
          annual budget process, to annually report on and present an 
          assessment of progress toward the statewide goals and 
          recommendations for legislative action.  In addition, AB 2 
          (Portantino, 2011), which is pending on the Senate 
          Appropriations Suspense File, would establish an accountability 
          framework.   

           Concerns over data storage  .  CPEC maintained significant 
          independent student records from the public higher education 
          segments, dating as far back as 1992 and linked across the 








                                                                  AB 2190
                                                                  Page  7

          segments via a unique student identifier.  CCC is currently 
          housing this database; however, federal privacy officials 
          believe this arrangement does not comply with federal privacy 
          laws unless CCC is designated a statewide education authority 
          with assigned responsibility for data collection and program 
          evaluation.  Such designation would likely require a statutory 
          change.  Further, under the current arrangement access to the 
          data is limited, since each segment has control over access to 
          its own student records contained within the database.  Thus, it 
          does not appear that the current database storage is a long-term 
          solution, and a robust, useable database is critical in order to 
          track the state's progress in meeting its education goals.  SB 
          1138 (Liu), pending in the Senate Education Committee, would 
          require, on and after January 1, 2013, that the State Department 
          of Education, in coordination with the State Board of Education, 
          succeed to the data management responsibilities of CPEC with 
          respect to the comprehensive database referenced above, as 
          specified. 

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file.

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sandra Fried / HIGHER ED. / (916) 
          319-3960