BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                           Senator Christine Kehoe, Chair


          AB 2263 (Bradford) - Probation: conditions.
          
          Amended: August 7, 2012         Policy Vote: Public Safety 5-1
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: August 13, 2012                          
          Consultant: Jolie Onodera       
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary: AB 2263 would authorize a person who was sentenced 
          to county jail for a felony conviction under criminal justice 
          realignment to apply for dismissal of his or her conviction and 
          the underlying charge if the defendant is not under mandatory 
          supervision and is not serving a sentence for, on probation for, 
          or charged with the commission of, any offense.

          Fiscal Impact: Ongoing future court costs potentially in the 
          range of $67,500 to $337,500 (General Fund) per year for 
          petitions for dismissal, potentially offset to a minor degree by 
          petitioner reimbursement. This estimate assumes petitions for 
          one to five percent of annual sentences pursuant to Penal Code 
          section 1170(h) at a cost of $375 per 45-minute hearing.

          To the extent additional petitions for expungement are granted 
          and assist an individual's ability to access housing and 
          employment, could result in a positive impact on the statewide 
          rate of recidivism through facilitating reentry into local 
          communities.

          Background: Existing law provides that any defendant who has not 
          been convicted in the current or a prior case of one of a 
          specified class of felonies is to be sentenced to a term of 
          imprisonment in the county jail for a term of 16 months, two 
          years or three years, or the term provided in the crime of 
          conviction. 

          Existing law provides that where a court sentences a defendant 
          for a jail felony pursuant to PC section 1170(h), the court may 
          impose the full lower, middle, or upper term for the offense, or 
          a split sentence in which a portion of the term is spent under 
          supervision by the a county probation department. The portion of 








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          a defendant's sentenced term during which time he or she is 
          supervised by the county probation officer is known as mandatory 
          supervision. Under existing law, the court is also authorized to 
          impose dispositions for defendants charged under PC section 
          1170(h) including pretrial diversion, deferred entry of 
          judgment, or an order granting probation.

          Under existing law, a defendant who has fulfilled the terms of 
          probation, been discharged from probation, or where the court 
          determines that a defendant should be granted relief in the 
          interests of justice, the defendant may, at any time after the 
          termination of the period of probation, and upon application, be 
          granted relief in the form of dismissal of the conviction or 
          allowance for the defendant to withdraw his or her guilty plea. 

          Existing law states that an order of dismissal does not relieve 
          the petitioner of the obligation to disclose the conviction in 
          response to any questions contained in any questionnaire or 
          application for public office or for licensure for any state or 
          local agency. Additionally, an order of dismissal does not 
          permit a person to own, possess, or have in his or her custody 
          or control any firearm, or permit a person prohibited from 
          holding public office as a result of that conviction to hold 
          public office.
          
          Proposed Law: This bill would authorize the court, in its 
          discretion and in the interests of justice, to permit a 
          defendant to withdraw his or her plea of guilty or plea of nolo 
          contendere and enter a plea of not guilty in any case in which a 
          defendant was sentenced for a non-serious, non-violent, or 
          non-sexual offense to county jail, if both of the following 
          conditions are met:
                 The defendant is not under mandatory supervision.
                 The defendant is not serving a sentence for, on 
               probation for, or charged with the commission of, any 
               offense.

          Related Legislation: AB 109 (Committee on Budget) Chapter 
          15/2011 the 2011Realignment Legislation addressing public 
          safety, realigned responsibilities for certain parolees and 
          newly convicted offenders deemed to be non-violent, non-serious, 
          and non-sex offenders from state to local jurisdiction.

          Staff Comments: By authorizing felons sentenced to county jail 








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          pursuant to public safety realignment to petition for 
          expungement of their felony convictions, this bill could result 
          in additional petitions for dismissal under Penal Code section 
          1203.4 that would not have occurred under existing law. 

          Approximately 15,000 individuals are currently serving felony 
          sentences in county jails pursuant to criminal justice 
          realignment (representing 10 months since Realignment took 
          effect on October 1, 2011), under varying terms of incarceration 
          and/or supervision. It is unknown what percentage of those cases 
          may petition for dismissal, but based on data from the courts 
          for 2009-10, approximately one percent of total felony filings 
          were categorized as "miscellaneous felony petitions," and 
          included other criminal proceedings not classified as statutory 
          offenses, and for which a new case must be opened (such as 
          Petitions for Certificate of Rehabilitation and Pardon) and 
          would include petitions for expungement.

          Annualizing the caseload noted above would result in 
          approximately 18,000 individuals serving felony sentences 
          pursuant to PC section 1170(h) after one year. Assuming one to 
          five percent of the eligible caseload, or 180 to 900 individuals 
          would petition for expungement in any one year, would result in 
          additional court costs of $67,500 to $337,500 based on a 
          45-minute hearing cost of $375 (based a daily eight-hour court 
          cost of $4,000). 

          Under existing law, a person who petitions for a change of plea 
          may be required to reimburse the court, county, any city for the 
          actual cost of services rendered, whether or not the petition is 
          granted and the records are sealed or expunged. The ability to 
          make such reimbursement is determined by the court and is not 
          required in order for a person to be eligible to petition the 
          court. It is unknown what percentage of petitioners would be 
          determined by the court to have the ability to provide 
          reimbursement, but it is estimated that reimbursements to the 
          courts would likely be minor and insufficient to fully offset 
          the ongoing increased cost to the courts for new causes of 
          action.

          In the absence of the provisions of this bill, individuals who 
          were unable to petition for expungement for felony county jail 
          sentences would have the alternative to pursue remedy through a 
          petition for a Certificate of Rehabilitation. It is unknown to 








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          what degree this alternative would be utilized, but is assumed 
          to be rare. Moreover, given the period of rehabilitation would 
          generally be at least seven years after the completion of 
          sentence, any minor avoided costs would not be realized for at 
          least seven years. 

          To the extent additional petitions for expungement are granted 
          and assist an individual's ability to access housing and 
          employment, could result in a positive impact through 
          facilitating reentry into local communities.

          Recommended Amendments: Staff recommends a technical amendment 
          on page 3, line 36 of the bill, as follows:

          (d) If a defendant is sentenced pursuant to paragraph (5) of 
          subdivision (h) of Section 1170 the court, in its discretion and 
          in the interests of justice, may order the relief provided 
          pursuant to subdivision (a) with regard to that defendant if 
          both of the following conditions are met:
          (1) The defendant is not under supervision pursuant to 
          subparagraph (B) of paragraph (5)  of subdivision (h)  of Section 
          1170.