BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                             2011-12 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 2368
          AUTHOR:        Block
          AMENDED:       June 13, 2012
          FISCAL COMM:   No             HEARING DATE:  June 20, 2012
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Beth Graybill

          SUBJECT  :  School security:  School police departments.
          
          SUMMARY   

          This bill reorganizes and clarifies the statute governing 
          school police and security departments.  

           BACKGROUND 

          Existing law designates the following individuals as peace 
          officers and vests them with police powers:  

             a)   Members of a California Community College police 
               department as specified.  

             b)   Persons employed as members of a police department of 
               a school district pursuant to Education Code � 38000.  

             c)   Any peace officer employed by a K-12 public school 
               district or California Community College district who 
               has completed training prescribed by the Commission on 
               Pease Officer Standards and Training (POST).  
             (Penal Code �830.32)

          Existing law authorizes a governing board to employ personnel 
          to ensure the safety of school district personnel, pupils, 
          and the real and personal property of the school district.  
          Under the direction of the superintendent of the district, 
          school districts may establish a security department under a 
          chief of security or a police department under the 
          supervision of a chief of police.  Additionally, school 
          districts are authorized to assign a deputized reserve 
          officer to a school site to supplement the duties of school 
          police personnel.  Current law expresses the intent of the 
          Legislature that a school district police department or 




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          security department is supplementary to city and county law 
          enforcement agencies and is not vested with police powers.  
          (Education Code � 38000) 

          Existing law specifies that persons employed and compensated 
          as members of a school district police department when 
          appointed and duly sworn, are peace officers for the purposes 
          of carrying out their duties of employment pursuant to Penal 
          Code � 830.32.  (EC � 38001)

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  :   

           1)   Reorganizes and clarifies the statute governing school 
               police and security departments.  

          2)   Authorizes the governing board of a school district that 
               establishes a school police department under the 
               supervision of a school chief of police, to employ peace 
               officers, as defined in Section 830.32 of the Penal 
               Code, to ensure the safety of school district personnel 
               and pupils and the security of the real and personal 
               property of the school district.  

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill.   The Education Code gives the 
               governing board of a school district the authority to 
               establish a police department and the Penal Code 
               specifically extends peace officer powers to school 
               district police.  Yet the same section of the Education 
               Code that authorizes the establishment of a police 
               department also expresses the intent of the Legislature 
               that a school district "police or security" department 
               is supplementary to city and county law enforcement and 
               is not vested with general police powers.  The sponsor 
               of this bill, the Peace Officer Research Association of 
               California (PORAC), maintains that the original purpose 
               of this provision was to indicate the Legislature's 
               intent for security departments to be supplemental to 
               local law enforcement agencies.  A review of the 
               legislative history did not reveal any explanation for 
               the conflict between the intent language and other 
               sections of the law.  





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          According to information provided by the author's office, the 
               role of school police has grown since the time when the 
               terms campus security and campus police were used 
               interchangeably and when school districts were first 
               given authority to establish security patrols whose 
               duties related to the prevention of vandalism to school 
               property and physical assaults against personnel and 
               pupils in or about the school premises.  Over the years, 
               the role and training of school police officers has 
               grown to the same level as municipal peace officers.  
               Individuals who serve as peace officers in a school 
               police department undergo POST training and complete 
               additional training to work in a school setting with 
               juveniles.  This bill updates the intent language and 
               terms in Section 38000 of the Education Code to reflect 
               the distinction that now exists between campus security 
               and campus police.  

          By creating separate subparagraphs pertaining to security 
               departments and police departments, limiting the intent 
               statement to the powers of school security departments 
               and by defining peace officers, AB 2368 provides much 
               needed clarification without expanding police powers.  


           2)   School police power and authority  .  Advocacy groups have 
               expressed concern about the over reliance on 
               exclusionary discipline in public schools, noting that 
               as school police have evolved to full-fledged peace 
               officers, there has been a rise in zero-tolerance 
               discipline practices.  They further note that 
               California's high suspension rate has coincided with the 
               increased use of school police by school districts, with 
               Black and Latino youth bearing a disproportionate brunt 
               of these practices.  

           SUPPORT
           
          Los Angeles Unified School District
          Peace Officers Research Association of California
          San Diego Schools Police Officers Association

           OPPOSITION
           
          Books Not Bars
          Labor/Community Strategy Center




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          Youth Justice Coalition
          Youth Law Center