BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2409 (Allen)
          As Amended  May 2, 2012
          Majority Vote  

           ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT  4-2       NATURAL RESOURCES      7-0      
           
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          |Ayes:|V. Manuel P�rez, Beall,   |Ayes:|Chesbro, Knight,          |
          |     |Block, Hueso              |     |Dickinson, Grove,         |
          |     |                          |     |Huffman, Monning, Skinner |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Grove, Morrell            |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           APPROPRIATIONS      17-0                                        
           
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          |Ayes:|Fuentes, Harkey,          |     |                          |
          |     |Blumenfield, Bradford,    |     |                          |
          |     |Charles Calderon, Campos, |     |                          |
          |     |Davis, Donnelly, Gatto,   |     |                          |
          |     |Ammiano, Hill, Lara,      |     |                          |
          |     |Mitchell, Nielsen, Norby, |     |                          |
          |     |Solorio, Wagner           |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :   Requires the California Energy Commission (CEC) to 
          review and develop emerging technology financing models for 
          purposes of helping California review and make recommendations 
          based on emerging technology financing models used in other 
          states to finance  energy efficiency technology deployments and 
          services with the goal of maximizing private sector investment 
          in California.  The bill requires the CEC to undertake these 
          activities in collaboration with the Public Utilities Commission 
          (CPUC), the Treasurer's Office, the State Air Resources Board, 
          the California Infrastructure and Economic Development Bank, and 
          other stakeholder groups including investor-owned utilities.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, costs associated with this bill include one-time 
          costs to the CEC and the other participating entities totaling 
          in the tens of thousands of dollars (various special funds).








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           COMMENTS  :  While energy efficiency measures are considered the 
          most cost effective means to reduce energy consumption and 
          pollution, financing these improvements remains a challenge.  A 
          2009 study by the CPUC, found that achieving California's 
          efficiency objectives would require an annual investment of $4 
          billion.  The state, however, expends only about one-half of 
          that amount.

          Given the current budget situation, California does not have the 
          public resources to double its energy efficiency expenditures, 
          making it necessary for the state to proactively lure investment 
          capital from around the world.  

           Emerging public finance models for energy efficiency  :  
          California leads the nation in securing cleantech targeted 
          venture capital financing.  In 2011, the state secured $4.9 
          billion in cleantech targeted financing, over 5 times the amount 
          secured by the number two ranked state for cleantech targeted 
          financing, Massachusetts, at $460 million.    Finding ways to 
          leverage the state comparative advantage in private finance will 
          be key to the state reaching its energy efficiency objectives.  
          A few examples of the types of financing models that AB 2409 
          envisions being explored are:  

          1)The Clean Energy Development Administration (CEDA) or the 
            Green Bank:  The concept of the Green Bank is to establish an 
            independent, government-sponsored bank to support clean 
            technology financing through loan guarantees, credit 
            enhancements, debt instruments, and equity.  In practice, the 
            bank would partner with private financial institutions that 
            would not expose themselves to the clean technology sector 
            because of perceived risk.  Using guarantees, letters of 
            credit and other credit enhancement tools, the Green Bank 
            would provide private investors with the security they need to 
            make clean technology investments. 

          2)Clean Energy Victory Bonds or Green Bonds:  The Victory Bond 
            concept was used during World War II when the federal 
            government sold bonds to the public to finance the war effort. 
             Green Bonds use a similar model in that they use public bonds 
            to raise capital for purposes of financing clean energy 
            projects.  In 2008, The World Bank (Bank), in partnership with 
            Scandinavia, issued $350 million in Green Bonds denominated in 








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            Swedish Kronor to fund carbon emission reduction projects in 
            the third world.  In 2009, the Bank issued its first U.S. 
            dollar denominated bond which was subsequently purchased by 
            the California State Treasury.  Similarly, the European 
            Investment Bank issued ?1 billion euros worth of "Climate 
            Awareness Bonds" in 2007 to finance renewable energy and 
            energy efficiency project lending.   

          3)General Federal Bonds:  The federal government offers several 
            flavors of bonds that award bondholders tax credits partially 
            or fully in lieu of interest payments.  Two classes of these 
            bonds, Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREBs) and Qualified 
            Energy Conservation Bonds (QECBs), have been used with 
            considerable success to drive clean technology investments.  
            CREBs were created by the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to finance 
            certain renewable energy and clean coal facilities.  To date, 
            over 900 clean-energy projects have been financed with $1.2 
            billion in CREB proceeds.  QECBs were launched in 2008 and are 
            extremely versatile instruments that can be used to fund 
            projects ranging from green-building technologies and 
            mass-transit improvements, to conversion of agricultural 
            wastes and even marketing campaigns to promote energy 
            efficiency. 

          4)Federal Loan Guarantees:  Established in 2005, the U.S. 
            Department of Energy's Loan Guarantee Program guarantees loans 
            for a range of clean-energy related projects.  The program has 
            come under considerable criticism given its decision to fund 
            Solyndra, a California-based developer of thin-film solar 
            products that has since declared bankruptcy. 

          5)City Funds:  A relatively new model, U.S. city-administered 
            loan funds, has been emerging across the country, including 
            Berkeley, Portland, Cambridge, and Boulder.  Under this model, 
            a city raises capital through municipal bond issuances and 
            then uses the capital to offer moderate-sized loans (between 
            $5000 and $25,000) to homeowners for purposes of financing 
            home energy improvement upgrades. 

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Toni Symonds and Oracio Gonzalez / J., 
          E.D. & E. / (916) 319-2090 










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