BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                             Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                           2011-2012 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       AB 2462
          AUTHOR:        Block
          AMENDED:       May 10, 2012
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  June 27, 2012
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Academic credit for prior military experience.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires the Chancellor of the California 
          Community Colleges (CCCs) to determine for which courses 
          credit should be awarded for prior military experience, as 
          specified, by July 1, 2013.

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law establishes a matriculation process at CCCs 
          with the purpose of realizing a student's educational 
          objectives.  Matriculation services to be made available by 
          the colleges include, but are not limited to (a) processing 
          of admission applications, (b) orientation and 
          pre-orientation services concerning academic expectations 
          and financial assistance,  and (c) assessment and 
          counseling upon enrollment, as specified. (Education Code � 
          78212)

          Current law also requires the California State University 
          (CSU) and CCC to grant priority registration for enrollment 
          to former members of the Armed Forces of the United States 
          within two years of leaving active military duty.  (EC � 
          66025.8)

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  :

          1)   Requires the Chancellor of the California Community 
               Colleges, by July 1, 2013, to :

                    a)             Determine which courses credit 




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                    should be awarded for prior military experience.

                    b)             Use common course descriptors and 
                    pertinent recommendations of the American Council 
                    on Education for purposes of (a). 





          2)   Encourages community colleges to:

                    a)             Recognize the learning acquired by 
                    military personnel during their service and award 
                    credit where appropriate including applying the 
                    Chancellor's Office determinations made as the 
                    result of (1).

                    b)             Consider military education or 
                    experience for credit for career technical 
                    education instruction.

                    c)             Develop a way to evaluate progress 
                    to, or completion of, a professional occupational 
                    certificate for persons with military education 
                    or experience.

                    d)             Consider awarding credit by 
                    examination process for experience or instruction 
                    gained in a military setting.

          3)   Encourages the CCC Academic Senate to develop 
               recommendations regarding the appropriate use of 
               systems like the ACE system, that provide guidance for 
               awarding college credit for academic instruction and 
               experience in a military setting. 
           
          STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, 90% of 
               the veteran student population at the UC and CSU come 
               from CCC transfer students.  Currently, some veterans 
               are unable to obtain academic, subject-specific course 
               credit for their military service because of the lack 
               of a uniform standard for evaluating prior military 
               service for academic credit at the CCC.  According to 




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               the author, this bill will ensure uniformity among 
               campuses throughout the CCC and set a unified standard 
               for awarding credit for prior military academic 
               experience. 

           2)   Veterans in California Community Colleges  .  California 
               has an estimated 2.2 million veterans residing in the 
               state.  According to the California Community 
               Colleges, in 2010-11, more than 44,000 veterans 
               utilized education benefits at a California community 
               college.  In addition, there are an estimated 8,000 to 
               10,000 active duty personnel enrolled annually at 
               community colleges across the state, not including 
               dependents. 

           3)   American Council on Education (ACE) Guide  .  The 
               military issues academic transcripts for active-duty 
               service members and veterans. The transcripts issued 
               by the various service branches are endorsed and 
               periodically evaluated by ACE and bear its seal.  ACE 
               also publishes the Guide to the Evaluation of 
               Educational Experiences in the Armed Services, which 
               provides recommendations to colleges for evaluating 
               these transcripts.  The Guide's credit transfer 
               recommendations are based on reviews of military 
               coursework by a panel of university faculty members 
               convened by ACE.  These faculty members review 
               military coursework and occupational training 
               descriptions pertaining to their own academic 
               disciplines, evaluating them according to disciplinary 
               standards and expectations.  Both the UC and CSU have 
               adopted the American Council on Education standards 
               for evaluating the academic credit or prior service of 
               veterans, and in 2011 the CCC Academic Senate passed a 
               resolution urging local academic senates to award 
               credit in accordance with ACE standards. 

           4)   CCC recognition of prior learning  .  It is difficult to 
               ascertain to what extent prior military learning 
               experiences receive academic credit at CCC, since the 
               determinations are made at each campus, but it appears 
               that the application of prior learning credit is 
               uneven.  At present, 50 community colleges are members 
               of the Service members Opportunity Colleges (SOC) 
               Consortium, which provide educational opportunities to 
               service members to facilitate degree attainment such 




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               as:

               a         Reasonable transfer of credit to avoid 
                    excessive loss of previously earned credit and 
                    course work duplication; and 

               b         Credit for military training and experience, 
                    including use of the ACE Guide in evaluating and 
                    awarding academic credit for military training 
                    and experience.

           1)   One more optional list  ?  This bill encourages, but 
               does not require, the CCC to consider awarding credit 
               by applying the Chancellor's office determinations 
               made as a result of this bill's provisions.  The 
               awarding of credit is generally the purview of a 
               colleges' faculty.  As noted in staff comments (3) and 
               (4), credit for military training and experience is 
               already encouraged though use of the ACE Guide for 
               evaluating and awarding  academic credit for military 
               training and experience through the Service members 
               Opportunity Colleges (SOC) Consortium and by the CCC 
               Academic Senate resolution.  It is unclear what yet 
               another optional list of recommended course credit for 
               veterans will accomplish.

           2)   Credit towards transfer  .  The underlying concern that 
               the author appears to be trying to address is the 
               ability of veterans to obtain academic, 
               subject-specific course credit through a consistent, 
               streamlined process across all three public higher 
               education segments.  While faculty at a CCC may grant 
               academic credit for prior learning experiences, this 
               does not ensure that these courses will transfer to a 
               four-year institution.  Faculty at the receiving 
               institution determines whether prior learning credits 
               are accepted by that institution.  Should this bill 
               instead require that the issue of academic credit for 
               prior military learning experiences be considered by 
               the CCC and CSU faculty who are implementing SB 1440 
               (Padilla), Chapter 428, Statutes of 2010, which 
               statutorily prescribes the content of a community 
               college degree that meets transfer eligibility 
               requirements?

           3)   Prior legislation  .  AB 372 (Hernandez, 2011) required 




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               California Community Colleges (CCC), as part of the 
               matriculation process, to assess prior college-level 
               learning gained by military service personnel and 
               veterans through non-college credit means, as 
               determined by relevant faculty, and that the related 
               credit awarded meet the standards of the American 
               Council on Education, the Council for Adult and 
               Experiential Learning, or other equivalent standard 
               for awarding academic credits.    AB 372 passed this 
               Committee by a vote of 8-0 in June 2011, but was 
               subsequently held under submission in the Senate 
               Appropriations Committee.  

           SUPPORT  

          None received on this version. 

           OPPOSITION

           None received on this version.