BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2467
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   May 9, 2012

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                    AB 2467 (Hueso) - As Amended:  April 25, 2012 

          Policy Committee:                              Public 
          SafetyVote:  6-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program: 
          Yes    Reimbursable:              Yes

           SUMMARY  

          This bill authorizes a court to order a defendant be placed on 
          active Global Positioning System (GPS) monitoring for up to one 
          year when a protective order has been issued to protect a victim 
          of a violent crime committed by the defendant, if the court 
          determines the defendant has the ability to pay for the costs 
          associated with the monitoring device.

           If the court determines the defendant lacks the ability to pay, 
          this bill authorizes the court to order the local law 
          enforcement agency with jurisdiction over the case to pay the 
          GPS costs. 

          This bill also authorizes a victim to apply to the court for an 
          extension of the GPS order.

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)Significant reimbursable local law enforcement costs, likely 
            in the millions of dollars, to cover the costs of active GPS 
            monitoring. There were about 78,000 protective orders that 
            would qualify for GPS under this bill. At a cost of about $30 
            per day for active GPS supervision on a 20:1 caseload, if only 
            two percent of 78,000 defendants were ordered to active GPS 
            for six months and could not afford to pay, the annual state 
            GF cost would exceed $8 million. 

          2)Unknown, but significant, annual state trial court costs to 
            lengthen protection order hearings whenever GPS consideration 
            is an issue. The court would need to determine whether GPS is 
            necessary, whether the defendant can afford to pay, and which 








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            agency should administer the GPS. If two percent of 78,000 
            cases require such additional court time, the annual costs 
            could be in the range of $500,000. Also, since there is no 
            existing process for extending GPS monitoring, the courts 
            would have to create a process and devote additional time to 
            considering such extensions. If 150 victims seek GPS 
            extensions, annual costs would likely exceed $150,000. 

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale.  The author contends this bill creates additional 
            protection for victims of violent crimes while the defendant 
            is awaiting disposition.  According to the author, "AB 2467 
            provides victims with real and tangible protection.  It allows 
            a court to order the active GPS monitoring of perpetrators.  
            If the perpetrator is within a certain distance from the 
            victim, the GPS device will go off alerting both the victim 
            and law enforcement.  This helps turn victims into survivors."

           2)Current law  authorizes a court, upon belief that harm to, or 
            intimidation of, a victim or witness has occurred or is 
            reasonably likely to occur, to issue an order protecting 
            victims of violent crime from contact by the defendant. This 
            type of protective order generally ends upon disposition of 
            the case - when the defendant is sentenced or otherwise 
            discharged. Current law also authorizes the use of electronic 
            monitoring for inmates in custody awaiting disposition. 

           3)GPS  uses satellite tracking operating similar to cellular 
            phones. Offenders wear ankle bracelets and carry packs 
            containing mobile receivers. When offenders are sleeping or 
            sitting, packs are placed nearby. A monitoring station 
            receives data from offenders using the system. Tracking may be 
            active or passive. Active GPS transmits an offender's location 
            at near real-time intervals and can include immediate alert 
            notifications, which means someone must be constantly 
            monitoring the signals.  Passive GPS transmits locations at 
            set intervals and alert notifications are usually received the 
            next day. If an offender tampers with the equipment, moves 
            more than about 150 feet from the receiver, deviates from a 
            schedule, or ventures into prohibited areas, monitors are 
            paged. GPS can also be programmed with exclusion zones where 
            sex offenders are not allowed, including, the home or 
            workplace of a victim.
           








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          4)Issues/concerns  . 

             a)   This bill creates a potentially significant state 
               mandate by authorizing the court to require local law 
               enforcement to pay for the cost of active GPS. 

             b)   The bill does not specify who would monitor the GPS 
               under a scenario where the defendant is determined to have 
               the ability to pay. 

             c)   Though it appears the author's intent is to require the 
               sheriff or police department to administer the GPS 
               monitoring, "local law enforcement agency with jurisdiction 
               over the case" could be interpreted to include the district 
               attorney's office or county probation.   

             d)   The bill appears to allow GPS monitoring past 
               disposition, which would be inconsistent with the 
               underlying section authorizing protective orders for 
               specified defendants.

             e)   It is not clear by what process a victim would seek an 
               extension of the GPS monitoring, or why an extension would 
               be necessary, given the court could presumably order 
               supervision for the duration of the criminal proceedings, 
               which would generally be less than one year. 

           5)Opposition  . The L.A. Sheriff's Department states, "Local law 
            enforcement agencies do not provide GPS services. County 
            Probation Departments usually provided them by contracting 
            with a private provider. Thus, under this bill, a local city 
            police department or county sheriff would be forced to pay a 
            probation department for this service and would have no 
            control over costs. Additionally, regardless of who pays the 
            bill, GPS is not cheap. Depending on the restrictions and 
            services provided, GPS can cost up to $30 dollars a day. For 
            one person to be on GPS for one year (as allowed under this 
            bill), could cost a local agency over $10,000 year. In Los 
            Angeles County, the Sheriff's Department alone, took over 
            10,000 reports involving domestic violence in 2011. These 
            victims of domestic violence, under current law, would be 
            eligible for a protective order. As you can see, the costs of 
            such a proposal could quickly spiral out of control.

            We agree that those in need of a protective order should have 








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            as many protections as possible, including the use of GPS 
            monitoring technology. However, by dumping the costs on local 
            law enforcement, in a time where money for basic functions is 
            scarce and stretched thin, we would not be able to pay for 
            this. 

           6)Prior Legislation  . AB 1081 (Torrico), 2009, would have allowed 
            GPS surveillance for persons convicted of violating specified 
            protective orders, stalking, or felony domestic violence. AB 
            1081 was held on this committee's Suspense File.
             
            Analysis Prepared by  :    Geoff Long / > / (916) 319-2081