BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                             Senator Noreen Evans, Chair
                              2011-2012 Regular Session


          AB 2476 (Committee on Veterans Affairs)
          As Introduced
          Hearing Date: June 19, 2012
          Fiscal: No
          Urgency: No
          TW   
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
            Service member obligations or liabilities:  rate of interest

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          Existing law provides that, unless otherwise determined by a 
          court, service members may not be charged more than six percent 
          interest per year, during any part of the period of military 
          service, on any obligation or liability incurred by a service 
          member before that person's entry into service.  This bill would 
          extend the maximum interest protection on mortgage liabilities 
          to one year after the service member leaves military service.

                                      BACKGROUND  

          The federal Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA), formerly 
          known as the Soldiers' and Sailors' Relief Act of 1940, provides 
          a comprehensive scheme to stay the enforcement of certain civil 
          liabilities against persons called to military service overseas. 
           Among other benefits, the SCRA allows the service member to 
          seek leave of court to delay payments on debts and tax 
          obligations, stays enforcement of civil judgments, tolls 
          statutes of limitation, provides a fixed interest rate on debts, 
          and stays eviction of a service member's dependents.  These 
          benefits are available to members of the Armed Forces, 
          reservists, and National Guard members ordered to duty under 
          Title 10 of the United States Code.

          In 2002, AB 1433 (Horton, Ch. 60, Stats. 2002) enacted many of 
          the financial and consumer-related service member protections as 
          are provided under the SCRA.  Those provisions generally seek to 
          provide protections against various potential adverse effects of 
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          a deployment, including financial protection with regards to 
          court proceedings, credit contract obligations, rental 
          agreements, taxes, health insurance, and eviction protection.  
          AB 1666 (Frommer, Ch. 345, Stats. 2005) provided additional 
          protection for members called into active duty with regards to 
          fees for recording a power of attorney, termination of mobile 
          telephone contracts, academic tuition, state bar fees, vehicle 
          leases, and residential utility service.

          In 2008, the SCRA was updated to provide, among other things, 
          that service members may not be charged more than six percent 
          interest on mortgage-related liabilities during any part of the 
          military service and for one year after and on any other 
          obligation or liability during any part of the military service.

          This author-sponsored bill would conform California law to the 
          new maximum interest provisions for mortgage-related liabilities 
          and other obligations under the SCRA.

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing state law  provides that no obligation or liability 
          bearing interest at a rate in excess of six percent per year 
          incurred by a service member before that person's entry into 
          service shall, during any part of the period of military 
          service, bear interest at a rate in excess of six percent per 
          year unless, in the opinion of the court, upon application 
          thereto by the obligee, the ability of the service member to pay 
          interest upon that obligation or liability at a rate in excess 
          of six percent per year is not materially affected by reason of 
          that service, in which case the court may make that order as in 
          its opinion may be just.  Existing law provides that "interest" 
          includes service charges, renewal charges, fees, or any other 
          charges, except bona fide insurance, in respect of any 
          obligation or liability.  (Mil. & Vet. Code Sec. 405(a).)

           Existing federal law  , under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act 
          (SCRA), provides an interest rate limitation of six percent for 
          the following obligations incurred before the service member 
          enters military service by a service member and/or the service 
          member's spouse:
           during the period of military service and one year thereafter, 
            an obligation or liability consisting of a mortgage, trust 
            deed, or other security in the nature of a mortgage charged; 
            and
           during the period of military service, any other obligation or 
                                                                      



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            liability.  (50 U.S.C.S. Appx. Sec. 527.)

           This bill  would conform state law to the obligation interest 
          restrictions provided under the SCRA.

                                        COMMENT
           
          1.  Stated need for the bill  
          
          The author writes:
          
            The Servicemember's Civil Relief Act (SCRA) was amended 
            recently to change the amount of time to which it applies to a 
            servicemember.  Previously, with regard to an interest rate 
            cap of 6 �percent], a servicemember was covered during his/her 
            time in service.  The federal law has amended the act to cover 
            the servicemember for a year after their time in service.  
            State law only covers the servicemember for time in service, 
            and this bill will amend state law so that it is also extended 
            to a year following his/her time served. 

          2.  Extending interest rate protections on service member mortgage 
            liabilities  

          This bill would provide that, for mortgage-related liabilities 
          incurred prior to entry into military service, a service member 
          may not be charged more than six percent interest during the 
          period of military service and for one year thereafter.  
          Existing state law generally provides that obligations incurred 
          by a service member prior to enlistment may not be charged more 
          than six percent interest during the service member's military 
          service.

          In 2008, the subprime mortgage crisis in the U.S. prompted 
          Congress to enact consumer protections and housing reforms in 
          the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA) (Pub.L. No. 
          110-289 (July 30, 2008) 122 Stat. 2654).  HERA, among other 
          things, revised the SCRA by extending interest rate restrictions 
          on mortgage liabilities for service members to one year after 
          the end of the service member's military service.

          The author argues that service members, through the SCRA, now 
          have broader protections than currently exist under California 
          law.  Under the SCRA, a service member who has completed his or 
          her military service will maintain a six percent or lower 
          mortgage interest rate for an additional year after completion 
                                                                      



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          of service.  Since California's existing service member interest 
          rate protection is based on the SCRA, and the SCRA has been 
          modified to provide broader protections regarding mortgage 
          liabilities, this bill would provide the same mortgage liability 
          protections to California's service members.

          The California Bankers Association and the California Mortgage 
          Bankers Association are in support of this bill and have "worked 
          collaboratively with interested parties to advance reasonable 
          measures that improve consumer protections."  Other supporters 
          of this bill assert that this bill is important to help service 
          members with financial matters during their transition to 
          civilian life.

          It is important to note that existing law authorizes a court to 
          allow an interest rate higher than six percent if a creditor 
          proves that the service member's call to military service does 
          not affect the service member's ability to pay the higher 
          interest rate.  This bill would not alter the court's ability to 
          review, at the request of a creditor, a service member's 
          obligations and authorize the imposition of a higher interest if 
          the court deems appropriate.


           Support  :  AMVETS - Department of California; American Legion - 
          Department of California; California Association of County 
          Veterans Service Officers; California Bankers Association; 
          California Mortgage Bankers Association; California State 
          Commanders Veterans Council; Vietnam Veterans of America - 
          California State Council

           Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  Author

          Related Pending Legislation  :  AB 2475 (Committee on Veterans 
          Affairs, 2012) would change from three to nine months after the 
          period of military service that the sale, foreclosure, or 
          seizure of property for nonpayment of any sum due relating to a 
          mortgage would be invalid.  AB 2475 is currently in this 
          Committee.

           Prior Legislation  :

                                                                      



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          AB 713 (Block, Ch. 105, Stats. 2011) provided that dependents of 
          a service member are entitled to the benefits accorded to 
          service members regarding obligations or liabilities bearing an 
          interest rate in excess of six percent, unless, in the opinion 
          of the court, the dependent's ability to comply has not been 
          materially impaired by the military service of the person upon 
          whom the applicants are dependent.

          AB 2365 (Lieu, Ch. 385, Stats. 2010), among other things, 
          permitted service members, when enforcing their rights and 
          protections under existing law, to recover reasonable attorney's 
          fees and costs, removed filing fees and court costs for 
          specified actions, and permitted an expedited review for certain 
          cases.

          AB 1433 (Horton, Ch. 60, Stats. 2002) See Background.

           Prior Vote  :

          Assembly Floor (Ayes 76, Noes 0)
          Assembly Committee on Judiciary (Ayes 10, Noes 0)
          Assembly Committee on Veterans Affairs (Ayes 8, Noes 0)

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