BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                  SENATE BANKING & FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS COMMITTEE
                             Senator Juan Vargas, Chair


          AB 2481 (Morrell)                       Hearing Date:  June 27, 
          2012  

          As Amended: June 18, 2012
          Fiscal:             No
          Urgency:       No
          

           SUMMARY    Would expand the forms of security that may be placed 
          by depository institutions with the State Treasurer and county 
          treasurers, to enable those depositories to receive deposits of 
          state and local funds.  
          
           DESCRIPTION
           
            1.  Would authorize the use of a letter of credit issued by any 
              Federal Home Loan Bank as acceptable security for demand and 
              time deposits placed by the State Treasurer (Treasurer) or 
              any county treasurer with the eligible bank posting that 
              security.  Existing law (see below) restricts acceptable 
              letters of credit to those issued only by the Federal Home 
              Loan Bank of San Francisco.

           EXISTING LAW
           
            1.  Authorizes the Treasurer to deposit state funds in 
              eligible banks.  Defines an eligible bank as a state or 
              national bank located in this state, selected by the 
              Treasurer for the safekeeping of money belonging to or in 
              the custody of the state.  In order to be eligible, a bank 
              must have received an overall rating of not less than 
              "satisfactory" in its most recent Community Reinvestment Act 
              evaluation (Government Code Section 16500).  

            2.  Provides that, in order to be eligible to receive a demand 
              or time deposit from the Treasurer, an eligible bank must 
              deposit security with the Treasurer as collateral for those 
              deposits.  That security must be in an amount that is at 
              least 10% greater than the amount the Treasurer deposits 
              with the bank.  However, security is not required for that 
              portion of any deposit which is insured under any law of the 
              United States (Government Code Sections 16520 and 16521).




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            3.  Lists a variety of financial instruments that may be used 
              as acceptable security, including (among others) U.S. 
              Treasury notes and bonds, state and local bonds, bonds and 
              notes of the California Housing Finance Agency, registered 
              warrants of the state, certain promissory notes secured by 
              residential real property, and letters of credit issued by 
              the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco, as specified 
              (Section 16522).


            4.  Provides that, as far as possible, all money belonging to, 
              or in the custody of, a local agency, including money paid 
              to the county treasurer or other official to pay the 
              principal, interest, or penalties of bonds, shall be 
              deposited for safekeeping in state or national banks, 
              savings associations, federal associations, credit unions, 
              or federally insured industrial loan companies in California 
              by the county treasurer or other official having legal 
              custody of the money, or may be invested in specified 
              investments set out in law.  In order to be eligible to 
              receive local deposits from a county treasurer, a bank must 
              have received an overall rating of not less than 
              "satisfactory" in its most recent Community Reinvestment Act 
              evaluation (Section 53635.2).

            5.  Provides that, in order to secure local agency deposits, a 
              depository must maintain securities that have a market value 
              that is at least 10% greater than the total amount of the 
              amounts deposited, except as otherwise specified (Section 
              53652).  

            6.  Lists a variety of financial instruments that may be used 
              as acceptable security by depository institutions into which 
              local funds are deposited, including (among others) U.S. 
              Treasury notes and bonds, state and local bonds, bonds and 
              notes of the California Housing Finance Agency, registered 
              warrants of the state, certain promissory notes secured by 
              residential real property, and letters of credit issued by 
              the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco, as specified 
              (Section 53651 and 53651.6).

           COMMENTS

          1.  Background and Discussion:    The Federal Home Loan Bank 
              (FHLB) System was established by Congress in 1932, in direct 




                                              AB 2481 (Morrell), Page 3




              response to the Great Depression, and the desire to keep 
              banks (then "building and loan associations") afloat, and 
              provide both liquidity and sources of capital for mortgage 
              lending.  The primary mission of the FHLB System involves 
              providing member financial institutions with financial 
              products and services that assist and enhance the financing 
              of housing and community lending. Their regional 
              distribution is intended to allow them to focus on the 
              distinct needs of their individual communities. 

          Twelve Home Loan Banks comprise the FHLB System, including the 
              Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati, Dallas, Des Moines, 
              Indianapolis, New York, Pittsburgh, Seattle, San Francisco, 
              and Topeka FHLBs.  Each of the twelve FHLBs is structured as 
              a cooperative, owned and governed by its member financial 
              institutions.  Member financial institutions include banks, 
              thrifts, credit unions, community development financial 
              institutions, and insurance companies.  Institutions must 
              purchase stock in order to become a member of their regional 
              FHLB. In return, members obtain access to low-cost funding, 
              and receive dividends based on their stock ownership.  The 
              FHL Banks are self-capitalizing.  Advances are funded via 
              the issuance of discount notes or term debt, which are 
              purchased by FHLB members.   

          At present, the 12 banks of the FHLB System are owned by over 
              7,700 regulated financial institutions from all 50 states, 
              U.S. possessions, and territories. Equity in the FHLBs is 
              held only by these owner/members and is not publicly traded. 


           2.  Summary of Arguments in Support:   The California Bankers 
              Association (CBA) is sponsoring AB 2481 to allow depository 
              institutions that are not chartered or domiciled in 
              California to use letters of credit from their regional FHLB 
              to secure public deposits of state funds in their 
              institutions.  This will allow "California to expand its 
              access to these reliable and stable sources of collateral 
              and potentially increase competition for its deposits among 
              depository institutions."   

          According to CBA, FHLB letters of credit provide several 
              benefits when used as collateral for public deposits, 
              including:  

                 a.       Lack of market risk: The value of a letter of 




                                              AB 2481 (Morrell), Page 4




                   credit does not fluctuate based on market conditions.  
                   Thus, letters of credit are not at risk of losing 
                   value, once issued.

                 b.       Irrevocable and unconditional: Letters of credit 
                   are irrevocable once issued, which guarantees that they 
                   are available to be drawn on during their stated term.

                 c.       Lack of liquidity risk:  Funds are payable upon 
                   demand, and can be accessed quickly in times of need.

                 d.       No costs to draw:  No third-party custodians are 
                   required to draw on FHLB letters of credit, which 
                   results in decreased costs and increased efficiencies 
                   for California, as the beneficiary of the collateral.

           3.  Summary of Arguments in Opposition:    

                 a.       The California Independent Bankers (CIB), a 
                   trade association representing California community 
                   banks, opposes AB 2481, on the basis that it will give 
                   large banks an unfair advantage relative to small 
                   banks, with respect to access to deposits of funds by 
                   the Treasurer and local county treasurers.  According 
                   to CIB, San Francisco FHLB letters of credit are only 
                   used by California-based banks and are not issued to 
                   out-of-state institutions.  Existing law was 
                   established with the intention of helping California 
                   community banks and, in turn, California businesses and 
                   consumers.  Existing law provides smaller banks with an 
                   easily accessible form of collateral for state 
                   deposits, which are an important source of funding for 
                   these smaller banks.  Smaller banks take in-state 
                   deposits and reinvest those deposits within the 
                   communities they serve.  AB 2481 will allow mega-banks 
                   to use California state deposits to fund loans made by 
                   those banks to businesses and consumers in other parts 
                   of the country.  By allowing a large, multi-national 
                   bank to use a letter of credit from any FHLB, an 
                   important funding source for California-based lending 
                   will be weakened.

                 b.       California Community Bank is opposed for similar 
                   reasons.  "Community banks depend strongly on local 
                   deposits in order to support local businesses and the 
                   community where they live. Big banks enjoy many more 




                                              AB 2481 (Morrell), Page 5




                   sources and opportunities to move funding from other 
                   markets, and rarely struggle for deposits to meet loan 
                   funding requirements."

           4.  Amendments:
           
               a.     Technical amendments are necessary to accomplish the 
                 intent of the author.  Due to an error, the June 18th 
                 amendments failed to include an amendment to Government 
                 Code Section 53651.  The following amendments are 
                 necessary to insert the amendments that were 
                 inadvertently excluded:  Page 7, line 2, strike "the" and 
                 strike "of San Francisco."  

           5.  Prior and Related Legislation:   

               a.     AB 2805 (Papan), Chapter 913, Statutes of 2000:  
                 Sponsored by the California Independent Bankers.  
                 Authorized the use of letters of credit issued by the 
                 Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco as collateral for 
                 deposits of state money by the Treasurer into eligible 
                 banks.  Prior to AB 2805, letters of credit issued by the 
                 Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco could be used as 
                 collateral for deposits of local money into eligible 
                 banks, but not as collateral for deposits of state money. 
                  

           
          LIST OF REGISTERED SUPPORT/OPPOSITION
          
          Support
           
          California Bankers Association (sponsor)
           
          Opposition
               
          California Independent Bankers
          California Community Bank

          Consultant: Eileen Newhall  (916) 651-4102