BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                            Senator Loni Hancock, Chair              A
                             2011-2012 Regular Session               B

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          AB 2490 (Butler)                                           0
          As Amended July 2, 2012
          Hearing date:  July 3, 2012
          Penal Code
          JM:mc

                       VETERANS SERVICE OFFICERS:  STATE PRISONS  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  American Legion-Department of California; 
                   AMVETS-Department of California (Co-Sponsor); Vietnam 
                   Veterans of America-California State Council 
                   (Co-Sponsor)

          Prior Legislation: AB 2671 (Salas) - 2008, vetoed
                       AB 589 (Cook) - 2009, failed in Senate 
          Transportation and Housing

          Support: American Federation of State County and Municipal 
                   Employees; California Correctional Peace Officers 
                   Association; Legal Services for Prisoners with 
                   Children; California Public Defenders Association 

          Opposition:None known

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes 75 - Noes 0


                                        KEY ISSUES
           
          SHOULD EVERY STATE PRISON ASSIGN A COUNSELOR TO THE DUTY OF ADVISING 
          INMATES WHO ARE HONORABLY DISCHARGED VETERANS ABOUT BENEFITS, 




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          PRIVILEGES AND COMPENSATION TO WHICH VETERANS MAY BE ENTITLED?

          SHOULD THE COUNSELOR ASSIGNED TO ASSIST VETERANS COORDINATE WITH THE 
          DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS AND THE COUNTY VETERANS SERVICE 
          OFFICER?


                                       PURPOSE

          The purposes of this bill are to direct the Department of 
          Corrections and Rehabilitation to
          1) assign a counselor at each prison to advise honorably 
          discharged veterans of benefits, privileges and compensation to 
          which veterans are entitled; and 2) direct such counselors to 
          coordinate services with the Department of Veterans Affairs and 
          the county veterans service officer.

          Relevant Federal Law
           
          Existing law  limits the veterans' benefits a veteran may receive 
          while he or she is incarcerated for a felony, except provides a 
          60-day grace period where the incarcerated veteran may still 
          receive full benefits.  The withholding of benefits begins on 
          the 61st day of incarceration.  (38 U.S.C. � 5313, subd. (a)(1); 
          38 C.F.R. � 3.666, subd. (a).)

           Existing law  states that an incarcerated veteran is entitled to 
          full benefits while he or she is participating in a work-release 
          program or is residing in a halfway house.  (38 U.S.C. � 5313, 
          subd. (a)(2).)

           Existing law  allows the dependents of an incarcerated felon to 
          receive an apportionment of the benefits to which the 
          incarcerated veteran would have been entitled, unless the 
          dependent is incarcerated for a felony.  (38 U.S.C. � 5313, 
          subd. (b).)

           Existing law  prohibits compensation on behalf of a veteran for 
          any period during which he or she is a "fugitive felon."  (38 




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          U.S.C. � 5313B; 38 C.F.R. � 3.666, subd. (n).)

           Existing law  defines a "fugitive felon" as a person who is a 
          fugitive by reason of:

                 avoiding prosecution, or custody or confinement after 
               conviction, for an offense, or an attempt to commit an 
               offense, which is a felony under the laws of the place from 
               which the person flees; or
                 violating a condition of probation or parole imposed for 
               commission of a felony under Federal or State law.  (38 
               U.S.C. � 5313B, subd. (b).)

           Existing law  requires restoration of withheld benefits if a 
          conviction is overturned on appeal.  (38 C.F.R. � 3.666, subd. 
          (m).)

          Relevant California Law

           Existing law  contains a number of provisions aimed at assisting 
          California veterans, such as farm and home loan assistance (Mil. 
          and Vet. Code �� 987.50 et seq.), business enterprise 
          opportunities (Mil. and Vet. Code �� 999 to 999.13), and 
          educational assistance (Mil. and Vet. Code �� 981 et seq.)

           Existing law  requires CDCR to "conduct assessments of all 
          inmates that include, but are not limited to, data regarding the 
          inmate's history of substance abuse, medical and mental health, 
          education, family background, criminal activity, and social 
          functioning.  The assessments shall be used to place inmates in 
          programs that will aid in their reentry to society and that will 
          most likely reduce the inmate's chances of reoffending."  (Pen. 
          Code � 3020.)
           
          This bill  requires that a correctional counselor be assigned at 
          every state prison that is under CDCR's jurisdiction to assist 
          inmates who are veterans in pursuing claims for federal 
          veterans' benefits or in establishing rights to any other 
          privilege, preference, care, or compensation provided under 




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          federal or state law due to honorable military service.

           This bill  requires the assigned correctional counselor to 
          coordinate with the Department of Veterans Affairs, the county 
          veterans-service officer, veterans-service organizations, or 
          both, in the county in which the prison is located for advice 
          and assistance.


                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION
                                      ("ROCA")
          
          In response to the unresolved prison capacity crisis, since 
          early 2007 it has been the policy of the chair of the Senate 
          Committee on Public Safety and the Senate President pro Tem to 
          hold legislative proposals which could further aggravate prison 
          overcrowding through new or expanded felony prosecutions.  Under 
          the resulting policy known as "ROCA" (which stands for 
          "Receivership/Overcrowding Crisis Aggravation"), the Committee 
          has held measures which create a new felony, expand the scope or 
          penalty of an existing felony, or otherwise increase the 
          application of a felony in a manner which could exacerbate the 
          prison overcrowding crisis by expanding the availability or 
          length of prison terms (such as extending the statute of 
          limitations for felonies or constricting statutory parole 
          standards).  In addition, proposed expansions to the 
          classification of felonies enacted last year by AB 109 (the 2011 
          Public Safety Realignment) which may be punishable in jail and 
          not prison (Penal Code section 1170(h)) would be subject to ROCA 
          because an offender's criminal record could make the offender 
          ineligible for jail and therefore subject to state prison.  
          Under these principles, ROCA has been applied as a 
          content-neutral, provisional measure necessary to ensure that 
          the Legislature does not erode progress towards reducing prison 
          overcrowding by passing legislation which could increase the 
          prison population.  ROCA will continue until prison overcrowding 
          is resolved.

          For the last several years, severe overcrowding in California's 




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          prisons has been the focus of evolving and expensive litigation. 
           On June 30, 2005, in a class action lawsuit filed four years 
          earlier, the United States District Court for the Northern 
          District of California established a Receivership to take 
          control of the delivery of medical services to all California 
          state prisoners confined by the California Department of 
          Corrections and Rehabilitation ("CDCR").  In December of 2006, 
          plaintiffs in two federal lawsuits against CDCR sought a 
          court-ordered limit on the prison population pursuant to the 
          federal Prison Litigation Reform Act.  On January 12, 2010, a 
          three-judge federal panel issued an order requiring California 
          to reduce its inmate population to 137.5 percent of design 
          capacity -- a reduction at that time of roughly 40,000 inmates 
          -- within two years.  The court stayed implementation of its 
          ruling pending the state's appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.  




























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          On May 23, 2011, the United States Supreme Court upheld the 
          decision of the three-judge panel in its entirety, giving 
          California two years from the date of its ruling to reduce its 
          prison population to 137.5 percent of design capacity, subject 
          to the right of the state to seek modifications in appropriate 
          circumstances.  Design capacity is the number of inmates a 
          prison can house based on one inmate per cell, single-level 
          bunks in dormitories, and no beds in places not designed for 
          housing.  Current design capacity in CDCR's 33 institutions is 
          79,650.

          On January 6, 2012, CDCR announced that California had cut 
          prison overcrowding by more than 11,000 inmates over the last 
          six months, a reduction largely accomplished by the passage of 
          Assembly Bill 109.  Under the prisoner-reduction order, the 
          inmate population in California's 33 prisons must be no more 
          than the following:

                 167 percent of design capacity by December 27, 2011 
               (133,016 inmates);
                 155 percent by June 27, 2012;
                 147 percent by December 27, 2012; and
                 137.5 percent by June 27, 2013.
               
          This bill does not aggravate the prison overcrowding crisis 
          described above under ROCA.

                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Need for this Bill  

          According to the author: 

               For many Veterans of the United States Military who 
               are incarcerated, they are unaware of the benefits 
               they are rightfully owed for their service to our 
               country.  This bill would create a Veterans Service 
               Officer (VSO) at all Department of Correction 
               facilities to help Veterans receive their benefits 




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               they are entitled to.  Though veterans cannot collect 
               on their benefits while incarcerated, by having a VSO 
               at each facility they can begin the process and have 
               their rightful benefits ready for them the day they 
               are released.   

          2.  Preparing Inmates who are Veterans for Release from Prison  

          Over the past few decades numerous reports have been published 
          concerning the need for the state to employ evidence-based 
          strategies to prepare inmates for release into society.  
          California has had a very high recidivism rate for former prison 
          inmates.  The Little Hoover Commission and others have stressed 
          the benefits of education and job training for inmates.  Inmates 
          are often released with few resources.  (See, Solving 
          California's Correction Crisis, Little Hoover Commission, 2007.) 
           It appears that the intent of this bill is to get veterans any 
          support and assistance available to them upon release. 

          3.  Veterans Affairs Committee Hearing  

          This bill was heard by the Veterans Affairs Committee June 26, 
          2012.  The bill passed on a vote of 7-0.  The bill was amended 
          in Veterans Affairs to strike the legislative findings in the 
          bill and to add cross-references to relevant sections of the 
          Military and Veterans Code.


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