BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          Date of Hearing:   April 17, 2012

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                                 Marty Block, Chair
                AB 2497 (Solorio) - As Introduced:  February 24, 2012
           
          SUBJECT  :   California State University: Early Start Program.

           SUMMARY  :   Prohibits the California State University (CSU) from 
          implementing the Early Start Program unless funding is provided 
          in the annual Budget Act and specified actions are taken.  
          Specifically, this bill  :

          1)Prohibits CSU from implementing the Early Start Program 
            effective January 1, 2014, unless a specific appropriation is 
            made for its implementation in the annual Budget Act.

          2)Requires the CSU Chancellor and Trustees to submit an annual 
            report to the Legislature every five years, as specified, 
            beginning January 1, 2014, detailing the impact of the CSU 
            Early Start Program on student mathematics and English 
            proficiency, that may also include a budget appropriation 
            request for the implementation of the Early Start Program.

          3)Requires the Legislature, as part of its annual budget 
            deliberations, to review the report and request for inclusion 
            in the annual Budget Act.

          4)Sunsets these provisions effective January 1, 2018.

           EXISTING LAW  establishes CSU, under the administration of the 
          CSU Board of Trustees and expresses legislative intent with 
          respect to the determination of standards and criteria for 
          admission to CSU.  (Education Code � 66600, 66205)

          FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :    Background  .  According to a March 2011 issues brief 
          by the Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO), of regularly admitted 
          CSU freshmen in 2009, about 58% were unprepared for 
          college-level writing or math or both.  In 1996, CSU set a goal 
          to reduce the percentage of unprepared freshmen to 10% in math 
          and English by 2007.  That goal was not met, and CSU has now 
          implemented its Early Assessment Program to improve student 
          preparation, enabling students to test their academic readiness 








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          by taking a voluntary exam offered to students in the 11th grade 
          as part of the California Standards Test.  

           Previous remediation requirements  .  CSU students who do not 
          demonstrate proficiency must pass the appropriate precollegiate 
          (commonly called "remedial") courses within one year of 
          admission.  According to information provided by CSU, this 
          policy exposed two issues: 1) students who tested in the lowest 
          quartile of the CSU placement exams were required to do all of 
          their remediation while taking college-level courses, and 2) 
          many students were not completing remediation by the end of the 
          spring term but were enrolling or re-enrolling in remedial 
          courses in the summer at great expense to themselves and to CSU. 
           

           What is the Early Start Program  ?  To address these concerns, 
          Executive Order 1048 was issued in 2010, creating the Early 
          Start Program.  Beginning in Fall 2012, entering freshmen who 
          are not proficient in math or "at risk" in English will need to 
           start  the remediation process before their first term.  By fall 
          of 2014, students will need to have started their work on 
          becoming ready for college-level English.  Students will be 
          given a menu of options to determine the best approach for them 
          to start their remedial instruction, including such things as 
          senior year high school courses, courses offered in the summer 
          at any one of their local California Community College (CCC) or 
          CSU campuses and online courses, to name a few.  According to 
          CSU, three pilots were conducted in order to understand the 
          program's impacts, and all resulted in success for students with 
          a minimum 80% success rate to move on from remedial education.  
          On October 28, 2009, CSU staff provided a briefing of the Early 
          Start Program for legislative staff, cosponsored by the Assembly 
          Higher Education and Senate Education Committees.

           Cost to students  .  The Early Start Program is self-supported; 
          thus, students who take courses during the summer would pay $46 
          per unit at CCC or $182 per unit plus $2 per campus at CSU.  
          Financial aid will be offered to eligible students (those with a 
          family contribution of less than $5,000 per year) in order to 
          cover the cost of their enrollment in the program. 

           Need for this bill  .  According to the author, "There is no 
          evidence that a mandatory summer program will solve the issue of 
          high remediation rates, particularly when one of the processes 
          to satisfy the program is through 15 hours of unsupervised 








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          instruction online."  Further, the author notes, "The Early 
          Start Program was developed entirely at an administrative level, 
          without the support from the very professionals that will be 
          teaching these remedial courses.  These faculty members have 
          expressed concerns that an investment in a new program without 
          the input of all the stakeholders involved, including the 
          Legislature, is a risky experiment."

           Would a report suffice  ?  This bill sets a precedent by requiring 
          a self-supporting program, initiated by the CSU administration 
          to cease operation unless state funding is provided and 
          reporting requirements are met.  CSU operates other 
          remediation-related programs that have not been subject to these 
          conditions, including the Early Assessment Program and Summer 
          Bridge and Foster Youth programs for at-risk youth.  Further, 
          this budget environment makes it unlikely the Budget Act would 
          include funding for this purpose.

          If the goal is to determine whether the Early Start Program is 
          improving students' academic success without disadvantaging 
          them, perhaps the LAO can study the efficacy of the Early Start 
          Program as part of its ongoing review of remediation needs in 
          higher education?

           Related legislation .  AB 1237 (Nestande), which failed in this 
          Committee in January, declared that state General Funds that do 
          not count toward the Proposition 98 minimum guarantee shall not 
          be appropriated for remedial instruction at the University of 
          California (UC) and CSU and authorized the appropriation of 
          Proposition 98 funds from K-12 instruction to CCC for the 
          purposes of remedial instruction for UC and CSU students.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Faculty Association (sponsor)
          California Labor Federation

           Opposition 
           
          California State University
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sandra Fried / HIGHER ED. / (916) 
          319-3960 








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