BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 2676|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 2676
          Author:   Charles Calderon (D)
          Amended:  6/26/12 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE :  5-1, 7/3/12
          AYES:  Hancock, Calderon, Liu, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Anderson
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Harman

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  5-2, 8/6/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Dutton

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  Not relevant


           SUBJECT  :    Agricultural employee safety

           SOURCE  :     United Farm Workers


           DIGEST  :    This bill makes it a misdemeanor for any person 
          who directs an agricultural employee to perform, or 
          supervises an agricultural employee in the performance of, 
          outdoor work without providing the employee with shade and 
          potable water, punishable by imprisonment not exceeding six 
          months in a county jail, by a fine not exceeding $10,000, 
          or by both the imprisonment and fine, or if that violation 
          results in injury to an agricultural employee, by 
          imprisonment not exceeding one year in a county jail, by a 
          fine not exceeding $25,000, or by both that fine and 
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          imprisonment.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law provides the California 
          Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1973 for the purpose 
          of assuring safe and healthful working conditions for all 
          California working men and women by authorizing the 
          enforcement of effective standards, assisting and 
          encouraging employers to maintain safe and healthful 
          working conditions, and by providing for research, 
          information, education, training, and enforcement in the 
          field of occupational safety and health.  (Labor (LAB) Code 
          Section 6300)

          Existing law provides that the Division of Occupational 
          Safety and Health (DOSH) may, among other things, require 
          the performance of any act which the protection of the life 
          and safety of the employees in places of employment 
          reasonably demands.  (LAB Code Section 6308)

          Existing law provides that knowingly, negligently, or 
          repeatedly violating an order of the DOSH, or inducing 
          someone to do so is a misdemeanor that entails the 
          following penalties:

             For knowingly or negligently violating a standard, six 
             months in prison, a civil penalty of $5,000 to $15,000, 
             or both;

             For repeatedly violating a standard, one year in 
             prison, a civil penalty of $15,000 to $150,000, or both. 
              (LAB Code Section 6423)

          Existing law provides that any employer that willfully 
          violates an occupational safety order, that employer can 
          face:

             For a straight violation, a civil penalty of up to 
             $70,000, but no less than $5,000 for each willful 
             violation;

             If the violation leads to a serious injury or death, a 
             county jail or state prison sentence of one to three 
             years and a fine of up to $250,000, or both.  If the 
             defendant is a corporation or limited liability 

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             corporation (LLC), the fee must range between $500,000 
             and $2.5 million.

          Existing law provides that if the violation leads to a 
          serious injury or death, for a second violation in seven 
          years, two to four years and a fine of up to $250,000, or 
          both.  For a corporation or LLC, the fee must range between 
          $1 million and $3.5 million.  (LAB Code Sections 6425 and 
          6429)
           
          Existing DOSH Regulations applies to all places of outdoor 
          employment, specifically agricultural, construction, 
          landscaping, oil and gas extraction, and the movement of 
          goods.  These regulations require:

             Employees must have access to potable drinking water.  
             Where drinking water is not plumbed or otherwise 
             continuously supplied, it shall be provided in 
             sufficient quantity at the beginning of the work shift 
             to provide one quart per employee per hour for drinking 
             for the entire shift. 

             Employers may begin the shift with smaller quantities 
             of water if they have effective procedures for 
             replenishment during the shift as needed to allow 
             employees to drink one quart or more per hour.  The 
             frequent drinking of water must be encouraged.

             Shade must be present whenever the temperature is 85 
             degrees or more, and the shade must be sufficient to 
             accommodate 25 percent of the employees on the shift at 
             any time, so that they can sit in a normal posture fully 
             in the shade without having to be in physical contact 
             with each other.  The shaded area shall be located as 
             close as practicable to the areas where employees are 
             working;

             Employees shall be allowed and encouraged to take a 
             cool-down rest in the shade for a period of no less than 
             five minutes at a time when they feel the need to do so 
             to protect themselves from overheating.  Such access to 
             shade shall be permitted at all times. 

             The employer shall implement high-heat procedures when 

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             the temperature equals or exceeds 95 degrees.  This 
             includes improving ways of communicating between 
             employees and supervisors, requiring observation of 
             employees for heat illness, and the encouraging of water 
             consumption.

             The employer must provide appropriate training to 
             agricultural workers on the risk of heat illness and 
             appropriate emergency response to heat illness when it 
             occurs.

          This bill provides that it is a misdemeanor for any person 
          who directs or supervises an agricultural employee in the 
          performance of outdoor work to not supply that employee 
          with both continuous, ready access to an area of shade 
          sufficient to allow the body to cool and potable water that 
          is suitably cool and available in quantities sufficient to 
          allow the employee to drink one quart of water per hour 
          throughout the employee's work shift.

          This bill provides that a violation of the above 
          misdemeanor is punishable by imprisonment in the county 
          jail not exceeding 6 months and/or a fine not exceeding 
          $10,000.

          This bill provides that if a violation of the above 
          misdemeanor causes injury, it is punishable by up to one 
          year in the county jail and/or a fine not exceeding 
          $25,000.

          This bill provides that nothing in this section shall 
          preclude prosecution under any other law.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, unknown, 
          potential cost annually to the Occupational Safety and 
          Health Fund in the Department of Industrial Relations DOSH 
          if a criminal code statute creates an implied work safety 
          standard.  The Occupational Safety and Health Fund sunsets 
          July 1, 2013.  

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/8/12)

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          United Farm Workers (source)
          The Humane Society of the United States

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/8/12)

          Agricultural Council of California
          Alliance of Western Milk Producers
          American Pistachio Growers
          CalChamber
          California Association of Nurseries and Garden Centers
          California Association of Wheat Growers
           California Association of Winegrape Growers
          California Bean Shippers Association
          California Citrus Mutual
          California Cotton Ginners Association
          California Cotton Growers Association
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          California Grain and Feed Association
          California Grape and Tree Fruit League
          California Pear Growers Association
          California Seed Association
          California State Floral Association
          California Tomato Growers Association
          California Warehouse Association
          Family Winemakers of California
          Nisei Farmers League
          Pacific Coast Renderers Association
          Pacific Egg & Poultry Association
          Western Agricultural Processors Association
          Western Growers Association
          Western United Dairymen
          Wine Institute

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author:

            At least 16 farm workers have died since the state 
            issued an emergency regulation related to heat illness 
            in 2005.  See attached list of deaths. 

            Since all of these deaths were preventable, it is clear 
            the regulation and its enforcement are ineffective. 

            AB 2676 assures that farm workers will receive water 

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            and shade as required by law.  As farm workers continue 
            to die of heat illness, AB 2676 offers, at a minimum, 
            similar protections for farm workers as animals in this 
            state.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The opponents to this bill 
          state:

            California Agriculture supports our state's heat 
            stress regulations which are the only one of its kind 
            in the nation.  It covers all outdoor employees 
            because the heat does not discriminate between 
            industries.  California agriculture has made 
            compliance with these regulations a top priority and 
            has stepped forward in a serious and sustained manner 
            that has substantially increased the protection of our 
            employees and saved lives. 

            AB 2676 is inconsistent with existing Cal/OSHA 
            regulations.  The bill would create violations for 
            activities not required.  For example, the bill would 
            require shade at all times; the existing regulations 
            understand that shade is not needed when temperatures 
            are moderate.  As drafted, AB 2676 will create much 
            confusion in the industry.  

            AB 2676 would create new criminal penalties only for 
            the agricultural industry, unjustifiably singling us 
            out among the industries with outdoor employees.  All 
            outdoor workers deserve the same protections.  Our 
            industry has a strong record of supporting 
            legislation, such as AB 1675 (Bonilla), to punish bad 
            actors.  Unfortunately, the language in AB 2676 is 
            overly broad and inconsistent with existing law.  


          RJG:d  8/8/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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