BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                  SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUDGET AND FISCAL REVIEW
                                Mark Leno, Chair
          
          Bill No:       SB 15
          Author:        DeSaulnier
          As Amended:    April 25, 2011
          Consultant:    Keely Martin Bosler
          Fiscal:        Yes
          Hearing Date:  May 12, 2011
          
           Subject  :  State budget.

           Summary:   This bill would place additional reporting 
          requirements on the Department of Finance related to the 
          annual budget process.

           Background:  
           
          State Budget Process Overview.  Under the current State 
          Constitution, the Legislature has the power to appropriate 
          State funds and make midyear adjustments to those 
          appropriations.  The annual State budget act is the 
          Legislature's primary method of authorizing expenses for a 
          particular fiscal year.  Also, under the current State 
          Constitution, the Governor is required to propose a 
          balanced budget by January 10 for the next fiscal year 
          (beginning July 1) and the Legislature is required to pass 
          the annual budget act by June 15.  Under current law, the 
          Governor may also reduce or eliminate specific 
          appropriation items using his or her "line-item veto" power 
          and the Legislature may override a veto with a two-thirds 
          vote in each house.  However, once the budget has been 
          approved by the Legislature and the Governor, current law 
          provides the Governor with limited authority to reduce 
          spending during the year without legislative approval.

           Proposed Law:    
           
          This bill requires that the Director of Finance provide the 
          Legislature updated projections of state revenues and state 
          expenditures on or before October 15 of each year.

          This bill requires the Governor to submit a budget for both 
          the budget year and the succeeding fiscal year.  The budget 
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          shall contain itemized statements, provisional language, 
          performance measurement standards for state agencies and 
          programs, recommended state expenditures, and a projection 
          of anticipated state revenues, including revenues 
          anticipated to be one-time revenue.

          This bill also requires that the budget contain a 
          projection of state expenditures and revenues for the three 
          fiscal years following the fiscal year succeeding the 
          budget year and budget plans for those three fiscal years.  


          If the expenditures exceed estimated revenues in the budget 
          year or succeeding fiscal year, this bill would require 
          that the Governor recommend reductions in expenditures or 
          the sources of additional revenues, or both.  The bill 
          further requires an analysis of the recommendations on the 
          long-term impact that expenditure reductions or additional 
          revenues have on the economy of California.

          This bill also requires the Governor to submit to the 
          Legislature, annually with the budget, any legislation 
          needed to implement appropriations contained in the budget 
          and a five-year capital infrastructure and strategic growth 
          plan.

          This bill requires that if the Governor's budget expands or 
          creates a new program or expands the scope of an existing 
          program, which results in an increase in state costs or 
          reduces a state tax in the budget year or succeeding year, 
          the proposal must be accompanied by a statement identifying 
          state program reductions or additional revenue that are 
          equal or greater than the net increase in the state costs 
          of the new or expanded program or tax expenditure.  

          This bill also states that it is the intent of the 
          Legislature to establish an oversight process one year 
          after the enactment of this legislation for evaluating and 
          improving the performance of all programs undertaken by the 
          state or by local entities on behalf of the state, based on 
          performance standards.  

           Fiscal Effect:  
           
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          The direct fiscal effects of this bill are a few million 
          and are dependent upon how this bill is implemented by the 
          Administration.  The Department of Finance currently does a 
          five year projection when preparing the annual budget bill 
          and makes an estimate of the multi-year impact of policies 
          it proposes.  However, this bill may require a more 
          detailed analysis be done for the second budget year and 
          also requires additional analyses that are not currently 
          required, such as an analysis of the impact of budgetary 
          expenditures and revenues on the economy.  

          There may be unknown savings attributable to this bill 
          based on better more informed multi-year planning by the 
          Administration and the Legislature.  However, these effects 
          will ultimately depend on future actions by the 
          Administration and Legislature.

           Source  :  California Forward; State Controller John Chiang
          
           Support  :  
          AARP
          American Association of University Women
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal 
          Employees
          Bay Area Council
          Business Council of San Joaquin County
          California Alliance of Child and Family Services
          California Church IMPACT
          California Partnership for the San Joaquin Valley
          California Senior Advocates League
          California State Student Association
          Contra Costa Council
          Fresno Business Council
          Greenlining Institute
          Half Moon Bay Coastside Chamber of Commerce
          Huntington Beach Chamber of Commerce
          Kern County Taxpayers Association
          Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce
          Marin Builders' Association
          San Francisco Chamber of Commerce
          San Gabriel Valley Economic Partnership
          San Mateo County Economic Development Association (SAMCEDA)
          Santa Clara and San Benito Counties Building and 
          Construction Trades Council
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          Santa Cruz County Medical Society
          Saving California Communities
          State Building and Construction Trades Council of 
          California
          Silicon Valley Leadership Group
          Valley Industry & Commerce Association (VICA)
          WELL Network



           Opposed  :  None on file.

           Comments  :  
          
            1.     What Problem Does This Bill Seek to Solve?  This 
                 bill seeks to provide more information to the 
                 Legislature so that they will better understand the 
                 impacts of decisions they make on the fiscal health 
                 of the state in subsequent budget years.  One-time 
                 solutions adopted by the Legislature can provide for 
                 temporary budgetary relief and have a role, but in 
                 recent years ongoing budgetary reductions have also 
                 been needed to bring expenditures in line with 
                 long-term revenue projections.  This bill would seek 
                 to introduce more information into the process to 
                 inform decision makers of the impacts and tradeoffs 
                 of budgetary decisions.

            2.     Information Exists Now, But Could be Better Used.  
                 The Department of Finance currently prepares a five 
                 year projection commonly referred to as the 
                 multi-year projection.  These projections are not 
                 included in budget submissions on the department's 
                 website, but are officially transmitted to the 
                 Legislature on the day the budget is released.  It 
                 is unclear whether incorporating this information 
                 more officially in the Department of Finance's 
                 submissions would increase the likelihood that the 
                 Legislature uses this information to inform a final 
                 budget package.  Ultimately, there are many factors 
                 entering into final decisions on the budget package 
                 and this information is just one of those inputs. 

            3.     Some Evaluations Difficult to Do.  This bill 
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                 requires the Department of Finance to do an analysis 
                 of the long-term impacts that expenditure reductions 
                 or additional revenues have on the economy of 
                 California.  The Department of Finance has explored 
                 general equilibrium modeling to measure the economic 
                 impacts of budgetary policies in the past.  However, 
                 this modeling was found to be highly sensitive to 
                 the assumptions used in the model and was eventually 
                 discontinued by the department because it did not 
                 provide the type of information that was directly 
                 valuable to forecasting revenues and budget 
                 planning.  While this sort of analysis may be 
                 interesting from an academic perspective, it would 
                 significantly increase the workload of the 
                 Department of Finance and likely not provide 
                 significant value to the budget making process. 

            4.     Suggested Amendments.  The Committee recommends 
                 adding a three-year phased-in implementation of this 
                 bill.  This will provide the Department of Finance 
                 the flexibility to successfully implement this bill 
                 in a manner that does not interfere as much in the 
                 regular budget process, especially given the current 
                 fiscal climate.



















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