BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                           Senator Christine Kehoe, Chair

                                           104 (Steinberg)
          
          Hearing Date:  3/17/2011        Amended: A I
          Consultant: Franzoia, Bob       Policy Vote: L&IR 5-2
          _________________________________________________________________
          ____
          BILL SUMMARY: SB 104 would permit agricultural employees, as an 
          alternative procedure, to select their labor representatives by 
          submitting a petition to the Agricultural Labor Relations Board 
          (ALRB) accompanied by representation cards signed by a majority 
          of the bargaining unit.  This bill would also extend existing 
          prohibitions and penalties to employers who engage in unfair 
          labor practices with regard to a majority signup election.
          _________________________________________________________________
          ____
                            Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions         2011-12      2012-13       2013-14     Fund
           Alternative election   Potentially significant reduction in 
          costs                  General
          procedure              compared to current election procedure

          Investigation of filings of       Unknown new costs potentially 
          in the range           General
          unfair labor practices of $120 in the first year; likely 
          decreasing in
                                 future years; unknown increase, if any, 
          in 
                                 penalty revenues
          _________________________________________________________________
          ____
          STAFF COMMENTS: This bill meets the criteria for referral to the 
          Suspense File.

          Under current law, the selection of representation by 
          agricultural employees requires that, after a petition has been 
          presented to the ALRB, the ALRB has seven days to investigate 
          and conduct an election.  The ALRB assigns employees to monitor 
          voting locations and other activities in order to ensure an 
          impartial election process.  Costs to the ALRB to conduct 
          elections under this process has ranged from approximately 
          $7,500 for a small (40 electors), one day election with a single 
          voting site to approximately $80,000 for a large election (1430 










          electors) with multiple voting sites.  For large elections, the 
          ALRB has received assistance, on a reimbursement basis, from 
          employees other state and federal entities.

          This bill would create a majority signup election whereby 
          agricultural employees would elect their labor representative by 
          signing representation cards without holding a polling site 
          election.  Under a majority signup election, a labor 
          representative would deliver or mail the representation cards to 
          the ALRB for tabulation and comparison against a list of current 
          employees in the bargaining unit.  If more than 50 percent of 
          the employees in the bargaining unit sign representation cards, 
          the ALRB would certify the election and recognize the labor 
          representative.

          Under this bill, the employer would have 48 hours after the 
          petition is served to file with the ALRB its response to a 
          petition.  The ALRB would have 48 hours after a petition for 
          majority signup election is filed to determine whether the labor 
          organization submitted the number of representation cards 
          required.  This bill prescribes what information must 
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          SB 104 (Steinberg)

          be included on a representation card.  This analysis assumes 
          that if majority signup elections are authorized, the ability to 
          conduct such elections will result in a significant increase in 
          petitions and there would be an initial increase in allegations 
          of unfair labor practices, for example, misleading statements, 
          forgery or fraud relating to these petitions.  These allegations 
          would require investigation by the ALRB. 

          The cost of an investigation will depend in part on the type of 
          allegation, the number of workers subject the petition and the 
          vote.  For example, if there is an allegation that three 
          authorization cards were forged and the vote was 1,200 to 100, 
          the time needed to investigate is much less than if there is an 
          allegation that three authorization cards were forged and the 
          vote was 16 to 14.  Staff estimates investigations will range in 
          cost from $1,000 to $5,000.  If 80 petitions (twice the 
          historical average) are filed and one half of those petitions 
          result in allegations of unfair labor practices, investigative 
          costs in the first year could be approximately $120,000 (40 x 
          $3,000).  As employers become more familiar with majority signup 
          elections, the number of allegations is expected to decline.  
          Long term, this bill should result in a reduction in costs for 










          labor representative elections over current law.

          This bill is similar to other bills vetoed by Governor 
          Schwarzenegger, including AB 2386 (Nunez) 2008.  That bill, too, 
          was vetoed with the following message:

          In 1975, the historical Agricultural Labor Relations Act (ALRA) 
          was passed by the California Legislator in order to "ensure 
          peace in the agricultural fields by guaranteeing justice for all 
          agricultural workers and stability in labor relations."  The 
          ALRA allowed for a secret ballot election and provided 
          protections so that an agricultural worker could decide 
          privately without fear of retaliation or intimidation whether or 
          not to be represented by a union.

          AB 2386 creates a new and unique process for how agricultural 
          workers choose or decline union representation.  I am concerned 
          that aspects of AB 2386's novel process weaken 
          workers' existing privacy rights and protections under the ALRA. 
           Specifically, I am concerned that authorizing the union seeking 
          to represent workers to receive and distribute election ballots 
          from the Agricultural Labor Relations Board (board), complete 
          information on the ballot envelopes, and return the workers' 
          ballots to the board unnecessarily compromises the workers' 
          right to privacy protected by the existing secret ballot 
          process.

          However, as I indicated last year in my veto of SB 180, I remain 
          committed to ensuring that agricultural workers receive all 
          workplace protections that our labor laws afford.  To that end, 
          I 
          am calling for the creation of a dedicated funding source to 
          facilitate enhanced oversight and education in the agricultural 
          industry.  I am directing my Labor and Workforce Development 
          Agency to work with the proponents of this bill and all 
          stakeholders to develop a proposal which will create such a 
          program in a fiscally responsible way, for the ultimate benefit 
          of both agricultural employees and employers.

          Staff notes a 2010-11 Finance Letter provided $2.3 million to 
          the Department of Industrial Relations' Division of Occupational 
          Safety and Health for a Targeted Agricultural Enforcement 
          Program.  This program targets heat-related enforcement and 
          education as workplaces where workers are the least likely to be 
          served by existing law enforcement approaches.  The dollars are 
          a permanent increase in federal funds.