BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                 Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations
                                 Ted W. Lieu, Chair

          Date of Hearing: September 1, 2011           20011-2012 Regular 
          Session                              
          Consultant: Alma Perez                       Fiscal:Yes
                                                       Urgency: No
          
                                   Bill No: SB 136
                                     Author: Yee
                         Version: As amended August 22, 2011
          

                                       SUBJECT
          
                         Public contracts: prevailing wages 


                                      KEY ISSUE

          Should the definition of public works be expanded to include 
          projects done under private contract in connection with 
          renewable energy or energy efficiency improvements on state 
          property or a political subdivision of the state?  

          Should workers on renewable energy generation projects performed 
          on property of the state or political subdivisions of the state 
          be paid prevailing wages? 
          

                                       PURPOSE
          
          To apply prevailing wage requirements and related procedures to 
          renewable energy generation capacity or energy efficiency 
          improvement projects, as specified. 


                                      ANALYSIS
          
           Existing law  :

          1) Requires that not less than the general prevailing wage rate 
             be paid to all workers employed on a "public works" project 
             costing over $1,000 dollars and imposes misdemeanor penalties 
             for a violation of this requirement.










          2) Defines "public works," for purposes of regulating public 
             works contracts, as, among other things, construction, 
             alteration, demolition, installation, or repair work done 
             under contract and paid for, in whole or in part, out of 
             public funds.  

          3) Defines "paid for in whole or in part out of public funds" as 
             used in public works as the following:

             a)   Payment of money or the equivalent of money by a state 
               or political subdivision directly to or on behalf of the 
               public works contractor, subcontractor, or developer;

             b)   Construction work performed by a state or political 
               subdivision in execution of a project;

             c)   Transfer of an asset of value for less than fair market 
               value;

             d)   Fees, costs, rents, insurance or bond premiums, loans, 
               interest rates, or other obligations normally required in 
               the execution of a contract that are paid, reduced, charged 
               at less than fair market value, waived or forgiven;

             e)   Money loaned that is to be repaid on a contingent basis; 
               and

             f)   Credits applied against repayment obligations.

          4) Exempts from the definition of "paid for in whole or in part 
             out of public funds" specified types of affordable housing, 
             private residential housing, private development projects, 
             qualified residential projects, low income housing projects, 
             state manufacturing tax credits, and single family 
             residential projects.

           
          This Bill  would provide that specified work related to renewable 
          energy generation or energy efficiency improvements is 
          considered "public works" for purposes of prevailing wage law.  

          Hearing Date:  September 1, 2011                               
           SB 136  
          Consultant: Alma Perez                                   Page 2

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








          Specifically, this bill would:

                 Expand the definition of "public works" to include 
               construction, alteration, demolition, installation or 
               repair work done under private contract  when the following 
               conditions exist:  
                  o         The work is performed in connection with the 
                    construction or maintenance of renewable energy 
                    generation capacity or energy efficiency improvements;

                  o         The work is performed on the property of the 
                    state or a political subdivision of the state;

                  o         Either of the following conditions exist:
                       �              More than 50 percent of the energy 
                         generated is purchased or will be purchased by 
                         the state or a political subdivision of the 
                         state. 
                       �              The energy efficiency improvements 
                         are primarily intended to reduce energy costs 
                         that would otherwise be incurred by the state or 
                         a political subdivision of the state. 






                                      COMMENTS

          
          1.  Need for this bill?

            Existing law requires that not less than the general 
            prevailing wage rate of per diem wages, as determined by the 
            director of the Department of Industrial Relations (DIR), be 
            paid to all workers employed on a public works projects.  The 
            prevailing wage rate is the basic hourly rate paid on public 
            works projects to a majority of workers engaged in a 
            particular craft, classification or type of work within the 
            locality and in the nearest labor market area. According to 
          Hearing Date:  September 1, 2011                               
           SB 136  
          Consultant: Alma Perez                                   Page 3

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








            DIR, California's prevailing wage laws ensure that the ability 
            to get a public works contract is not based on paying lower 
            wage rates than a competitor. All bidders are required to use 
            the same wage rates when bidding on a public works project. 

            Energy prices are expected to increase over the long term, 
            stimulating the demand for renewable energy supplies.  This 
            bill would require that prevailing wages be paid on renewable 
            energy generating capacity or energy efficiency improvements 
            when the work is performed on the property of the state or a 
            political subdivision of the state, as specified.  By 
            requiring for the payment of prevailing wage on renewable 
            energy projects, this bill would provide adequate wages and 
            benefits to workers on these projects.  

          2.  Proponent Arguments  :
            
            According to the author, this bill will put to rest a 
            convoluted interpretation of the application of prevailing 
            wages regarding energy service contracts.  Proponents contend 
            that some local agencies have found a creative loophole to 
            avoid paying prevailing wages for energy service contracts.  
            Despite the fact that the work is being completed on public 
            infrastructure and will be paid back from energy savings that 
            otherwise would have been utilized by the public agency, some 
            have argued that such work is exempt from the prevailing wage 
            requirement. 

            Proponents argue that these types of contracts could 
            potentially be a huge bonus to a number of unemployed workers 
            suffering through difficult times.  Unfortunately, proponents 
            argue, given this convoluted reading of current law, the 
            definition of public works needs updating to provide these 
            workers with a fair wage.   Supporters contend that without 
            these provisions, contractors bidding for state money could 
            undercut prevailing wages in any given area by 20 to 30 
            percent and ultimately hurt vulnerable workers and their 
            families. 

          3.  Opponent Arguments  :

          Hearing Date:  September 1, 2011                               
          SB 136  
          Consultant: Alma Perez                                   Page 4

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








            Opponents argue that this bill is an unreasonable new 
            prevailing wage mandate on private works of improvement and is 
            unwarranted. They argue that, often times, the cost of 
            converting to solar is very high and the payoff period for 
            school districts is 15-20 years and savings to the school 
            district, and payment to the vendor, comes monthly through 
            savings in electricity costs.  Opponents argue that forcing 
            these projects to pay prevailing wages will increase the cost 
            of the projects and erase the bottom line savings.  They argue 
            that this bill could lead to fewer projects being pursued.  

            According to opponents, this bill addresses private contracts 
            with an energy threshold provision that would most likely 
            result in additional costs to third party agreements with 
            private companies who sell power to schools through power 
            purchase agreements. According to the School Energy Coalition 
            (SEC), although they have previously supported the application 
            of prevailing wage to capitol projects on school property, 
            they do not believe that power purchase agreements fall into 
            this category - and argue that these agreements are for the 
            purchase of generated power only.  Opponents argue that 
            schools enter into these power agreements because they have no 
            up-front cost and schools simply get a lower and/or set price 
            for power that saves money at a time when budgets have been 
            severely cut, teachers have been let go and class sizes have 
            been increased.

            Additionally, opponents are also concerned that energy audits 
            and analyses, often the starting place for schools that 
            eventually enter these agreements, would also be included 
            under this legislation as part of the "work performed in 
            connection with the construction or maintenance" of the 
            project.  According to opponents, the author has indicated 
            that this is not an area where the bill was intended to go, 
            and therefore, SEC is opposed unless clarifying amendments are 
            taken.  

          4.  Prior Legislation  :

            AB 436 (Solorio) of 2011: Recently amended to a different 
            subject 
          Hearing Date:  September 1, 2011                               
           SB 136  
          Consultant: Alma Perez                                   Page 5

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations 
          








            This bill �SB 136] is almost identical to AB 436 (Solorio) 
            heard by this Committee earlier this year.  This bill further 
            defines the conditions under which a project would be 
            classified "public work" for prevailing wage purposes. AB 436 
            passed the Senate Labor and Industrial Relations Committee 
            with a vote of 5-0 on June 22, 2011. 

            AB 677 (Solorio) of the 2009-10 Session: Vetoed by the 
            Governor
            AB 436 (previously discussed) was almost identical to AB 677, 
            with the exception of an amendment which deleted the 
            requirement that the work be performed in connection with a 
            "long-term arrangement," as specified.  


                                       SUPPORT
          
          State Building and Construction Trades Council (Sponsor)
          California State Pipe Trades Council
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers
          Western States Council of Sheet Metal Workers
          

                                     OPPOSITION
          
          Associated Builders and Contractors of California
          California Association of School Business Officials 
          League of California Cities 
          School Energy Coalition 
          Western Electrical Contractors Association 









          Hearing Date:  September 1, 2011                               
           SB 136  
          Consultant: Alma Perez                                   Page 6

          Senate Committee on Labor and Industrial Relations