BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 143|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 143
          Author:   Rubio (D)
          Amended:  5/10/11
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  4-2, 5/2/11
          AYES:  Simitian, Kehoe, Lowenthal, Pavley
          NOES:  Strickland, Blakeslee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Hancock

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-2, 5/26/11
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Pavley, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Runner
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Emmerson


           SUBJECT  :    Air pollution:  global warming

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the Air Resources Board 
          (ARB), on or before July 1, 2012, to adopt methodologies 
          for determining the quantity of greenhouse gas (GHG) 
          emissions reduced through specified GHG emission reduction 
          programs.  This bill requires ARB to adopt regulations 
          governing the creation of GHG emission reduction offsets 
          based on investments in those programs for purposes of 
          banking, trading, and using the offsets to comply with the 
          market-based compliance mechanism adopted by the ARB.  This 
          bill requires the state board to credit persons who invest 
          in those programs with GHG emission offsets, based on a 
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          cost-effectiveness calculation determined by the state 
          board, with specified exceptions.

           ANALYSIS  :    The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 
          2006 designates ARB as the state agency charged with 
          monitoring and regulating sources of emissions of GHGs.  
          The ARB is required to adopt a statewide GHG emissions 
          limit equivalent to the statewide GHG emissions level in 
          1990 to be achieved by 2020, and to adopt rules and 
          regulations in an open public process to achieve the 
          maximum technologically feasible and cost-effective GHG 
          emission reductions.  ARB is authorized to adopt 
          market-based compliance mechanisms, as defined, meeting 
          specified requirements to be used for compliance with those 
          regulations.

          This bill:

          1. Requires ARB, by July 1, 2012, to adopt methodologies 
             for determining the quantity of GHG emissions reductions 
             resulting from implementation of voluntary energy 
             efficiency programs, distributed electricity generation 
             programs, and programs administered by the PUC or CEC 
             that may reduce GHG emissions.  ARB must determine the 
             cost effectiveness in dollars per ton of GHG emissions 
             reduced for these programs and update those 
             determinations from time to time upon determining the 
             need for update.

          2. Provides that beginning July 1, 2012, for the purposes 
             of the market-based compliance mechanism, a person may 
             invest in a program for which an emission reduction 
             methodology has been developed.

          3. Requires that by July 1, 2012, ARB adopt regulations 
             creating GHG emission reduction offsets that may be 
             banked, traded, or used for compliance with the 
             market-based compliance mechanism.

          4. Requires that a person who invests in a program, as 
             described by #1 above, be credited a quantity of GHG 
             emission offsets based on the size of the investment and 
             the cost effectiveness of the program.


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          5. Notwithstanding #4 above, a person or entity shall not 
             be credited with a GHG emission offset pursuant to #4 
             for undertaking a project that is required by law or 
             regulation, or for which the person or entity has 
             received another GHG emission offset.

           Comments  

           Status of Cap and Trade  .  ARB, on December 16, 2011, 
          adopted draft regulations for a proposed cap and trade 
          market-based compliance mechanism and is expected to 
          produce a final version of those regulations this Fall.  
           
           On March 17, 2011, the California Superior Court found ARB 
          had not properly considered alternatives to cap and trade 
          and thus failed to comply with the California Environmental 
          Quality Act (CEQA) and enjoined the ARB from proceeding 
          with cap and trade until the court determines it has fully 
          complied with CEQA.  
           
           Related legislation  .  SB 246 (De Le�n) defines "Compliance 
          offset" to mean a reduction in GHG, used for compliance 
          with an emissions limit, in a sector different from sectors 
          regulated by a GHG emission limit for which a market-based 
          compliance mechanism exists.  This definition may conflict 
          with what "offsets" are used to mean in this bill as it 
          includes sectors for which market-based compliance 
          mechanisms exist.  
           
           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                           Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

             Major Provisions             2011-12    2012-13   2013-14    Fund  

            Developing methodologies            $790             
            Special*
            and adopting regulations

            Ongoing oversight          unknown costs             
            Special*

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            * Air Pollution Control Fund

          The ARB indicates that it will need 10 additional 
          positions over six months to develop the complex 
          methodologies and regulations needed to implement the 
          bill.
           
           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/20/11)

          ---

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/20/11)

          Breathe California
          California Apollo Alliance
          Center for Biological Diversity
          Coalition for Clean Air
          Forests Forever
          Natural Resources Defense Council
          Planning & Conservation League
          Sierra Club California
          Union of Concerned Scientists

           NOTE:  The author's office indicated that the California 
                 Rural Legal Assistance Foundation testified they 
                 were taking a support if amended position but have 
                 not provided a letter yet.

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, "SB 143 
          would provide an additional option to businesses that must 
          comply with AB 32 and need to utilize the Cap and Trade 
          program established by the �ARB].  This new option would 
          allow businesses to earn carbon credits by investing in 
          existing California programs that reduce greenhouse gas 
          emissions, including distributed electricity generation 
          programs.  The bill would allow �ARB] to create an 
          incentive program to encourage investment in certain 
          programs or communities? SB 143 builds upon language in AB 
          32 which directs �ARB] to consider the other benefits of 
          regulations before them to implement AB 32.  Providing an 
          'in state' option provides more robust benefits to our 
          state than credits earned through activities outside our 
          borders. For example, increased sales tax revenue, jobs, 

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          lower utility costs, and improved air quality. Further, 
          providing more options within the Cap and Trade program 
          ensures that credits are less vulnerable to manipulation in 
          the market."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION :    The opposition states the bill 
          "creates the very serious risk and likelihood of 
          double-counting of emission reduction credits for AB 32 
          compliance, thereby undermining the integrity of the entire 
          market-based program.  It would allow entities to receive 
          emission reduction credits for investing in programs that 
          already result in emission reductions in a capped 
          sector-the electricity sector - thus reducing the number of 
          allowances that need to be surrendered by that sector.  
          Therefore, the reduction is effectively counted twice, but 
          only occurs once.  This means that essentially half of the 
          claimed reduction credits in question would not represent 
          real emission reductions.  The bill would also, for the 
          first time in the AB 32 statute, require the Air Resources 
          Board (ARB) to include 'offsets' as part of any 
          market-based compliance mechanism that is adopted by ARB.  
          This is a big change from existing law, which currently 
          gives ARB that option, but does not require offsets to be 
          part of any regulation.  This bill would limit ARB 
          flexibility to refine and improve the AB 32 market-based 
          compliance program in the future.  Additionally, this bill 
          requires ARB to develop and adopt no fewer than three new 
          energy-related sets of 'methodologies' relating to 
          calculating emission reductions by July 1, 2012.  We do not 
          believe that this provides a sufficient length of time to 
          thoroughly investigate, analyze, draft, vet, and review all 
          elements that would need to be considered for the 
          methodologies in that compressed time frame.  This bill 
          also requires that these methodologies be created as 
          emergency regulations, which means that there could be less 
          opportunity for public input and involvement."  
           

          DLW:mw  5/27/11   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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