BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                           Senator Christine Kehoe, Chair

                                          SB 143 (Rubio)
          
          Hearing Date: 05/26/2011        Amended: 05/10/2011
          Consultant: Brendan McCarthy    Policy Vote: EQ 4-2
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          ____
          BILL SUMMARY: SB 143 requires the Air Resources Board to develop 
          methods of determining the greenhouse gas emission reductions 
          from energy efficiency programs, distributed electricity 
          generation programs, and programs implemented by state agencies 
          to reduce emissions. The bill requires the Air Resources Board 
          to develop a program to allow regulated entities under the AB 32 
          cap and trade program to invest in the above programs, in order 
          to offset their emissions.
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          ____
                            Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions         2011-12      2012-13       2013-14     Fund
           
          Developing methodologies          $790                  Special 
          *                      
             and adopting regulations

          Ongoing oversight      Unknown costs                    Special 
          *

          * Air Pollution Control Fund.
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          ____

          STAFF COMMENTS: SUSPENSE FILE. 
          
          Under AB 32 (Nunez, 2006), the Air Resources Board is required 
          to approve a statewide greenhouse gas emission limit, such that 
          statewide emissions in 2020 are equal to emissions in 1990. The 
          Air Resources Board is required to implement regulatory measures 
          to reduce emissions to meet that target. The Air Resources Board 
          has included a cap and trade program as part of its plan to 
          implement AB 32. (The environmental analysis of the cap and 
          trade regulation is currently under judicial review.)

          Under the Air Resources Board's cap and trade plan, regulated 








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          entities are required to use emission credits for each ton of 
          carbon dioxide they emit. Regulated entities can use emission 
          credits they receive directly from the Air Resources Board or 
          emission credits they purchased from another emitter that 
          doesn't need the credit. In addition, the proposed regulation 
          allows regulated entities to use compliance offsets for up to 8 
          percent of their allowed emissions. Compliance offsets are 
          reductions in greenhouse gas emissions made by entities outside 
          the cap and trade program. For example, a regulated entity may 
          pay a forestry company to not cut down a certain number of 
          trees, thus reducing overall greenhouse gas emissions. In this 
          case, the regulated entity would use the avoided greenhouse gas 
          emissions from the trees that were not cut down to reduce the 
          number of emission credits it needs. One of requirements for 
          offsets under the regulations is that offsets can only come from 
          sectors of the economy that are not included in the cap and 
          trade system. The purpose of this requirement is to avoid double 
          counting of emission reductions.

          AB 143 requires the Air Resources Board to develop methodologies 
          for determining the quantity of greenhouse gas emission 
          reductions that will occur due to voluntary energy efficiency 
          programs, distributed electricity generation programs, and 
          programs administered by the Public Utilities Commission and the 
          California Energy Commission. The Air Resource Board is required 
          to estimate the cost effectiveness of reducing emissions per ton 
          of these programs.

          The bill authorizes regulated entities under AB 32 to invest in 
          programs for which the Air Resources Board has developed a 
          methodology under the bill. The bill requires the Air Resources 
          Board to develop regulations to allow such investments to be 
          used under the AB 32 cap and trade program, to allow regulated 
          entities to use such investments to meet their emission 
          reduction requirements. The bill specifies that offsets cannot 
          be generated for activities that are mandated by law or for 
          which another offset has already been generated.

          The Air Resources Board indicates that it will need ten 
          additional positions over six months to develop the complex 
          methodologies and regulations needed to implement the bill.

          Staff notes that by allowing offsets to be generated within 
          capped sectors of the economy, it will be difficult for the Air 








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          Resources Board to ensure that emission reductions are not 
          double counted. Also, by allowing offsets to be generated from 
          existing programs, the bill undermines the current regulatory 
          requirement that offsets only be granted for activities that 
          would not happen otherwise.


          SB 246 (De Leon) imposes certain criteria on the use of offsets 
          under AB 32. That bill is on this committee's Suspense File.