BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  SB 186                      HEARING:  3/16/11
          AUTHOR:  Kehoe & DeSaulnier           FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION: 3/10/11                      TAX LEVY: No
          CONSULTANT:  Weinberger               

                  STATE CONTROLLER'S AUDITS OF LOCAL AGENCIES
          

          Expands the State Controller's authority to perform audits 
          or investigations of counties, cities, special districts, 
          joint powers agencies, and redevelopment agencies. 


                           Background and Existing Law  

          The State Controller oversees the fiscal concerns of the 
          state and may audit the disbursement of any state money for 
          correctness, legality, and for sufficient provisions of law 
          for payment.  The Controller can audit state expenditures 
          made to local governments, including counties, cities, 
          special districts, joint powers authorities, and 
          redevelopment agencies.  The Controller may audit federal 
          funds allocated to local governments by the state.

          The State Controller must compile and publish reports of 
          the financial transactions of local governments, including 
          counties, cities, special districts, joint powers 
          authorities, and redevelopment agencies.  If the reports 
          are not made in the time, form, and manner required, or if 
          there is reason to believe that a report is false, 
          incomplete, or incorrect, the Controller must appoint a 
          qualified accountant to make an investigation and to obtain 
          the information required.  The accountant must report the 
          results of the investigation to the Controller and file a 
          copy of the report with the legislative body of the county, 
          city, or district in which the accountant conducted the 
          investigation.  The local government must pay for the 
          Controller's costs, which are a charge against any 
          unencumbered funds of the local government.

          The Bureau of State Audits, under the direction of the 
          State Auditor, performs financial, compliance, performance, 
          and contract audits of local governments, either as 
          required by statute or as requested by the Joint 




          SB 186 -- 3/10/11 -- Page 2



          Legislative Audit Committee (JLAC).  JLAC is composed of 
          seven Assemblymembers and seven Senators and requires the 
          votes of four members from each house to approve audit 
          requests.

          The effects of the recent recession and revelations about 
          fiscal malfeasance in the City of Bell are generating 
          demands for greater scrutiny of local governments' 
          financial practices.  In response, the State Controller 
          wants broader authority to audit those aspects of local 
          government finances which are beyond those related to state 
          expenditures or to annual financial transactions reports.


                                   Proposed Law  

          Senate Bill 186 authorizes the Controller, at his or her 
          discretion, to perform an
          audit or investigation of any county, city, special 
          district, joint powers authority, or redevelopment agency, 
          if there is reason to believe that the local government is 
          not complying with financial requirements in state law, 
          grant agreements, or local ordinances.

          SB 186 requires the Controller to prepare a report of the 
          results of the audit or investigation and file a copy of 
          the report with the legislative body of the county, city, 
          special district, joint powers authority, or redevelopment 
          agency, the accounts of which were audited or investigated. 


          The Controller must communicate any indication of illegal 
          acts, or fraud to appropriate authorities, including the 
          county grand jury.

          The county, city, special district, joint powers authority, 
          or redevelopment agency must bear the costs of the 
          Controller's audit or investigation.  The reimbursements 
          collected must, upon appropriation to the Controller, be 
          available to offset the Controller's enforcement costs.


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          No estimate.






          SB 186 -- 3/10/11 -- Page 3




                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  In the wake of last year's 
          revelations about extensive misconduct by public officials 
          in the City of Bell, the State Controller's Office received 
          numerous complaints of fiscal mismanagement and financial 
          distress in other local governments.  However, the 
          Controller's statutory authority to conduct local 
          government audits extends only to state expenditures or to 
          information compiled in local governments' financial 
          transactions reports.  In conducting audits that identified 
          millions of dollars in illegally levied taxes, fees, and 
          assessments, excessive employee compensation, unlawful 
          contracting practices, and other abusive expenditures of 
          taxpayer dollars in the City of Bell, the Controller relied 
          on the cooperation of city officials and staff.  Without 
          that cooperation, current law would have severely limited 
          the Controller's ability to produce such comprehensive and 
          detailed audit findings.  Audits provide government 
          officials and the public with objective assessments of the 
          cost, management, and performance of government policies, 
          programs, and operations.  By expanding the State 
          Controller's independent authority to audit local 
          governments' finances and internal controls, SB 186 will 
          help restore the public's trust in government by making 
          government officials more accountable for how they use 
          public resources.

          2.   Too broad  ?  SB 186 gives the Controller broad 
          discretion to conduct audits if there is "reason to 
          believe" that a local government is violating financial 
          requirements in state law, grant agreements, or local 
          ordinances.  The bill provides no criteria by which to 
          judge whether there is reason to believe that violations 
          are occurring.  Under current law, if there is reason to 
          believe that a local government's financial transactions 
          report is false, incomplete, or incorrect, the Controller 
          can investigate to obtain the necessary information.  
          However, because SB 186's audit authority is more 
          extensive, there is more potential for it to be misused by 
          an unscrupulous Controller.  For example, an anonymous 
          phone call or unsubstantiated allegation published in a 
          newspaper might be enough to justify a local government 
          audit that targets a political rival.  The Committee may 
          wish to consider amending SB 186 to require that the 





          SB 186 -- 3/10/11 -- Page 4



          Controller possess documentation that results in a reason 
          to believe that a local government is violating specified 
          financial requirements.

          3.   Unnecessary  ?  The Bureau of State Audits (BSA) can 
          audit state and local entities as required by statute or as 
          requested by the Joint Legislative Audit Committee (JLAC).  
          At JLACs' request, BSA has conducted a number of local 
          government audits in recent years, including audits of:
                 Local government grants from the Indian Gaming 
               Special Distribution Fund.
                 A community facilities district created by the San 
               Dieguito Union High School District.
                 Local governments' use of temporary workers.
                 The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority.
          JLAC members discuss and vote on proposed audit requests in 
          public hearings.  Audit requests need approval by at least 
          four members of both the Assembly and Senate who are 
          members of JLAC.  By contrast, SB 186 allows a single 
          elected state officer to decide to audit a local government 
          without any advance notice or public deliberation.  Because 
          state law already empowers BSA to conduct financial, 
          performance, or contract audits of local governments after 
          JLAC completes a transparent audit request process, the 
          Committee may wish to consider whether granting similar 
          discretionary audit authority to the State Controller is 
          necessary.

          4.   Picking up the tab  .  SB 186 makes a local government 
          that is subject to a Controller's audit responsible for 
          reimbursing the Controller's costs.  The Committee may wish 
          to consider whether it makes sense to impose audit costs on 
          local governments that may, depending upon an audit's 
          findings, be confronting significant fiscal problems.  The 
          Committee may also wish to consider whether amending SB 186 
          to require that the Controller bear the costs of 
          discretionary local government audits would create an 
          incentive for such audits to be judiciously targeted and 
          efficiently conducted.

          5.   Charters too  .  SB 186 lets the Controller audit local 
          governments' compliance with financial requirements in 
          state law, grant agreements, and local ordinances.  In some 
          counties and cities, voter-approved charters contain 
          provisions that control contracting, officials' 
          compensation, and other matters related to a local 





          SB 186 -- 3/10/11 -- Page 5



          government's finances.  The Committee may wish to consider 
          amending SB 186 to clarify that a local government's 
          failure to comply with the financial requirements of a 
          local charter can trigger a Controller's audit.

          6.   Related legislation  .  The scandals in the City of Bell 
          have inspired numerous legislative proposals to improve 
          state fiscal monitoring and auditing of local governments, 
          including AB 187 (Lara), AB 229 (Lara), AB 253 (Smyth), and 
          AB 276 (Alejo).  At its April 6 hearing, the Governance & 
          Finance Committee plans to hear SB 449 (Pavley), which 
          authorizes the State Controller to conduct preliminary 
          financial reviews and audits of local governments that may 
          be experiencing specified serious financial problems.  


                         Support and Opposition  (3/10/11)

           Support  :  State Controller John Chiang, American Federation 
          of State, County and Municipal Employees, David Ross.

           Opposition  :  Unknown.