BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                            Senator Loni Hancock, Chair              S
                             2011-2012 Regular Session               B

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          SB 210 (Hancock)                                            
          As Amended January 4, 2012 
          Hearing date:  January 10, 2012
          Penal Code
          AA:mc

                     DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS AND REHABILITATION:

                          COMMUNITY PRISONER MOTHER PROGRAM  


                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Author

          Prior Legislation: AB 512 (Goggin) - Ch. 1054, Stats. of 1978

          Support: California Attorneys for Criminal Justice

          Opposition:None known
           

                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD ELIGIBILITY FOR THE "COMMUNITY PRISONER MOTHER PROGRAM" IN 
          CDCR BE BROADENED BY EXCLUDING CONVICTIONS FOR PLANTING, 
          CULTIVATING, HARVESTING, DRYING, OR PROCESSING MARIJUANA OR 
          POSSESSION FOR SALE OF MARIJUANA AS DISQUALIFYING CRIMES FOR THIS 
          PROGRAM, AS SPECIFIED?



                                       PURPOSE




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                                                           SB 210 (Hancock)
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          The purpose of this bill is to broaden eligibility for the 
          "Community Prisoner Mother Program" in CDCR by excluding 
          convictions for planting, cultivating, harvesting, drying, or 
          processing marijuana or possession for sale of marijuana as 
          disqualifying crimes for this program, as specified.
          
           Current law  creates in state government the Department of 
          Corrections and Rehabilitation ("CDCR"), headed by a secretary 
          who is appointed by the Governor, subject to Senate 
          confirmation, and serves at the pleasure of the Governor.  CDCR 
          consists of Adult Operations, Adult Programs, Juvenile Justice, 
          the Corrections Standards Authority, the Board of Parole 
          Hearings, the State Commission on Juvenile Justice, the Prison 
          Industry Authority, and the Prison Industry Board.  (Government 
          Code � 12838 (a).)   

           Current law  provides that "the supervision, management and 
          control of the state prisons, and the responsibility for the 
          care, custody, treatment, training, discipline and employment of 
          persons
          confined therein are vested in the Secretary of the Department 
          of Corrections and Rehabilitation."  (Penal Code � 5054.)

           Current law  requires CDCR to establish and implement what is 
          called the "Community Prisoner Mother Program" ("CPMP"), 
          described in statute as "a community treatment program under 
          which women inmates sentenced to state prison . . . who have one 
          or more children under the age of six years . . . shall be 
          eligible to participate within the provisions of this section.  
          The community treatment program shall provide for the release of 
          the mother and child or children to a public or private facility 
          in the community suitable to the needs of the mother and child 
          or children, and which will provide the best possible care for 
          the mother and child.  In establishing and operating such 
          program, the department shall have as a prime concern the 
          establishment of a safe and wholesome environment for the 
          participating children."  (Penal Code � 3411.)  

           Current law  requires CDCR to deny placement in the CPMP if it 




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          determines that an inmate would pose an unreasonable risk to the 
          public, or if any one of specified factors exist, except in 
          unusual circumstances or if mitigating circumstances exist, 
          including, but not limited to, the remoteness in time of the 
          commission of the offense.  Exclusionary factors include the 
          inmate having been convicted of any of the following:

                           A sex offense listed in Section 667.6.
                           A sex offense requiring registration pursuant 
                    to Section 290.
                           A violent offense listed in subdivision (c) of 
                    Section 667.5.
                           Arson as defined in Sections 450 to 455, 
                    inclusive.
                           The unlawful sale or possession for sale, 
                    manufacture, or transportation of controlled 
                    substances, as specified, if large scale and for 
                    profit, as defined by the department.  (Penal Code � 
                    3417(b).)
           
          This bill  would exclude convictions for planting, cultivating, 
          harvesting, drying, or processing marijuana or possession for 
          sale of marijuana, from this list of disqualifying crimes.  
          (Specifically, convictions under sections 11358 or 11359 of the 
          Health and Safety Code would be expressly excluded from this 
          list.) 



                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION
          
          For the last several years, severe overcrowding in California's 
          prisons has been the focus of evolving and expensive litigation. 
           As these cases have progressed, prison conditions have 
          continued to be assailed, and the scrutiny of the federal courts 
          over California's prisons has intensified.  

          On June 30, 2005, in a class action lawsuit filed four years 
          earlier, the United States District Court for the Northern 
          District of California established a Receivership to take 




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          control of the delivery of medical services to all California 
          state prisoners confined by the California Department of 
          Corrections and Rehabilitation ("CDCR").  In December of 2006, 
          plaintiffs in two federal lawsuits against CDCR sought a 
          court-ordered limit on the prison population pursuant to the 
          federal Prison Litigation Reform Act.  On January 12, 2010, a 
          three-judge federal panel issued an order requiring California 
          to reduce its inmate population to 137.5 percent of design 
          capacity -- a reduction at that time of roughly 40,000 inmates 
          -- within two years.  The court stayed implementation of its 
          ruling pending the state's appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.  

          On May 23, 2011, the United States Supreme Court upheld the 
          decision of the three-judge panel in its entirety, giving 
          California two years from the date of its ruling to reduce its 
          prison population to 137.5 percent of design capacity, subject 
          to the right of the state to seek modifications in appropriate 
          circumstances.  
            
          In response to the unresolved prison capacity crisis, in early 
          2007 the Senate Committee on Public Safety began holding 
          legislative proposals which could further exacerbate prison 
          overcrowding through new or expanded felony prosecutions.     

           This bill  does not aggravate the prison overcrowding crisis 
          described above.
           

                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Background - The Community Prisoner Mother and Family 
          Foundation Programs
           
          California statute currently provides for two CDCR programs 
          targeting essentially the same inmate population: female inmates 
          who are mothers of young children.  The "Community Prisoner 
          Mother Program" ("CPMP") was established in 1978, AB 512 
          (Goggin), Ch. 1054, and the "Pregnant and Parenting Women's 
          Alternative Sentencing Program Act," known as the Family 
          Foundations Program ("FFP") was enacted in 1994, SB 519 




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          (Presley) Ch. 63, Stats. 1994.  In 1993, when he presented SB 
          519 to the Assembly Public Safety Committee,
          Senator Presley stated:

               During the past several years, there has been a 
               dramatic increase in the number of incarcerated women 
               who are single mothers or primary caretakers of 
               children.  Without intervention, children of 
               incarcerated women have a significantly 



































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               increased likelihood of entering the child welfare and 
               juvenile justice systems, becoming school dropouts, 
               substance abusers, and pregnant as adolescents.  
               Female offenders and their children are presently 
               being provided services from a disjointed network of 
               social services, medical providers, and correctional 
               practitioners.  A lack of local coordination often 
               contributes to the duplication of services and results 
               in few cost effective, concentrated efforts directed 
               at this population.  Too much cost, too little 
               service.<1>

          Currently, the total population at the FFPs is 42 (capacity is 
          70), and the CPMP total population is 32 (capacity is 47).  
          These programs serve the same inmate population, with the 
          following slight variations and similarities:
           

           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |   Family Foundations Program   |   Community Prisoner Mother    |
          |             (FFP)              |            Program             |
          |                                |             (CPMP)             |
          |--------------------------------+--------------------------------|
          |       Court ordered           |       CDCR placement          |
          |                                |       Sentence no greater     |
          |                                |     than 6 years & not less    |
          |                                |     than 90 days remaining     |
          |                                |       Receive work/behavioral |
          |       Sentence no greater     |     credits (day for day       |
          |     than 3 years, reduced to 1 |     credits)                   |
          |     year                       |       Children can live with  |
          |                                |     the mother                 |
          |       No work/behavioral      |       One custodial staff     |
          |     credits (no day for day    |       23-24 beds per facility |
          |     credits)                   |                                |
          |                                |       Leased/contracted       |
          |       Children can live with  |     facilities                 |

          ---------------------------
          <1>   Analysis of SB 519 (Presley) prepared by the Assembly 
          Committee on Public Safety (July 13, 1993).



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          |     the mother                 |       Vocational & parenting  |
          |                                |     skills                     |
          |                                |       Substance abuse         |
          |                                |     prevention                 |
          |       One custodial staff     |       Family reunification    |
          |                                |                               |
          |                                |Counseling                      |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |       35  beds per facility   |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |       State owned facilities  |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |       Vocational & parenting  |                                |
          |     skills                     |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |       Substance abuse         |                                |
          |     treatment                  |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |       Family reunification    |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |       Trauma-informed mental  |                                |
          |     health services            |                                |
          |                                |                                |
          |                                |                                |
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          2.  What This Bill Would Do
           
          As explained above, this bill would broaden eligibility for the 
          CPMP program by excluding convictions for planting, cultivating, 
          harvesting, drying, or processing marijuana or possession for 
          sale of marijuana as crimes that could disqualify an inmate for 
          this program.  





          3.  Suggested Additional Review
            
          Because the CPMP and FFP programs essentially target the same 
          populations, the author may wish to explore further amendments 
          to this bill with the administration and knowledgeable 
          stakeholders to identify how these programs might be merged and 
          further revised in a manner consistent with their historic 
          purposes, successful outcomes, and the criminal justice 
          realignment of 2011.


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