BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 293
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          Date of Hearing:   June 28, 2011

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY
                                  Mike Feuer, Chair
                    SB 293 (Padilla) - As Amended:  June 21, 2011

                              As Proposed to be Amended

           SENATE VOTE  :   36-0

           SUBJECT  :   CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS: PAYMENTS 

           KEY ISSUE  :  SHOULD THE RIGHTS OF OWNERS, GENERAL CONTRACTORS, 
          AND SUBCONTRACTORS BE ADJUSTED WITH RESPECT TO PUBLIC WORKS 
          PROJECTS AND CLARIFIED REGARDING LABORERS WITH RESPECT TO 
          PRIVATE WORKS?

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   As currently in print this bill is keyed 
          fiscal.

                                      SYNOPSIS
          
          This bill revises the rights and obligations of various parties 
          with regard to payments relating to construction contracts.  It 
          would require general contractors to pay subcontractors more 
          quickly.  On the other hand, it would reduce the amount of time 
          in which subcontractors could make certain claims against 
          contractors for nonpayment.  At the same time, the bill 
          clarifies that laborers are not subject to specified procedures 
          for asserting claims against payment bonds regarding public and 
          private works of improvement.  More controversially, the bill 
          reduces the amount of money that local public agencies can 
          withhold from a contractor prior to completion of the job.  
          These retention proceeds are currently required to be not less 
          than five percent.  The widespread highly variable practice 
          among local public entities is to retain 10 percent.  Under the 
          bill, retention could not exceed five percent.  This provision 
          would sunset in 2016.  The bill is supported by contractors and 
          subcontractors.  It is opposed by many local public agencies who 
          argue that the ability to retain construction funds is an 
          important control to ensure that contractors perform their work 
          well, on time and on budget. 

           SUMMARY  :  Adjusts the rights and time periods governing payment 








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          and claims for payment between owners, contractors and 
          subcontractors by speeding the time period for contractors to 
          pay subcontractors, reducing the time by which a subcontractor 
          may make claims for nonpayment against a contractor on a public 
          works project, exempting laborers from preliminary notification 
          requirements and any deadline to enforce a claim for private 
          works of improvement, and prohibiting a public entity from 
          retaining more than 5 percent of a contract price until final 
          completion and acceptance of a project.  Specifically,  this 
          bill  :   

          1)Decreases, from 10 to 7, the number of days by which a prime 
            contractor or subcontractor must pay a subcontractor after 
            receiving a progress payment, unless otherwise agreed to in 
            writing. 

          2)Requires a subcontractor to give written notice to the surety 
            and bond principal that he or she is enforcing a claim prior 
            to completion or recordation of the Notice of Completion (NOC) 
            of a project, commencing January 1, 2012, except as specified 
            if the 20-day public works preliminary notice was required by 
            any person that has no direct contractual relationship with 
            the contractor and who has not given notice as provided in 
            Section 3098, that person may enforce a claim by giving 
            written notice to the surety and bond principal, as provided 
            in Section 3227, within 15 days after recordation of a notice 
            of completion.  If no notice of completion has been recorded, 
            the time for giving written notice to the surety and the bond 
            principal is extended to 75 days after completion of the work 
            of improvement.  This exception does not apply in the event 
            that undisputed payments have been made to the subcontractor 
            in which there is a direct contractual relationship with the 
            general contractor to whom the claimant has provided materials 
            or services.

          3)Exempts a laborer, as defined, from preliminary notice 
            requirements to a surety and bond principal and any deadline 
            to enforce a claim after the completion of a project for 
            private works of improvement.

          4)Prohibits a public entity from retaining more than 5% of a 
            contract price until final completion and acceptance of a 
            project.   









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          5)Requires that retention proceeds between an original 
            contractor and a subcontractor, or between two subcontractors, 
            not exceed 5% of payment or contract price.  Does not apply if 
            the contractor provides written notice to the subcontractor, 
            prior to or at the time that the bid is requested, that a bond 
            may be required and the subcontractor subsequently is unable 
            or refuses to furnish to the contractor a performance or 
            payment bond issued by an admitted surety insurer.

          6)Prohibits progress payments on public works contracts from 
            being made in excess of 100% of the percentage of actual work 
            completed.

          7)Authorizes a public entity to retain more than 5% of the 
            contract price in public works projects under the following 
            conditions: 
                
             a)   For projects awarded by state departments, as defined, 
               the project is substantially complex and the department 
               includes this finding and the actual retention amount in 
               the bid documents; 

             b)   For projects awarded by local entities, as specified, 
               the governing body of the local public entity has approved 
               a majority vote during a properly noticed and normally 
               scheduled public hearing prior to bid that the project is 
               substantially complex, and includes this finding and the 
               actual retention amount in the bid documents; and, 

             c)   Retention proceeds between an original contractor and a 
               subcontractor, or between two subcontractors, shall not 
               exceed the specified retention percentage in the contract 
               between the public entity and the original contractor. 

          8)Sunsets these retention provisions on January 1, 2016.

          9)Defines "public entity" to mean the state, including every 
            state agency, office, department, division, bureau, board, or 
            commission, the California State University, the University of 
            California, a city, county, city and county, including 
            chartered cities and chartered counties, district, special 
            district, public authority, political subdivision, public 
            corporation, or nonprofit transit corporation wholly owned by 
            a public agency and formed to carry out the purposes of the 








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            public agency.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires that, for private and public works of improvement and 
            in a public works contract, a prime contractor or 
            subcontractor pay to any subcontractor, no later than 10 days 
            after receipt of each progress payment, unless otherwise 
            agreed to in writing, the respective amount allowed the 
            contractor on account of the work performed by the 
            subcontractors, to the extent of each contractor's interest 
            therein, as prescribed.  (Bus. and Profs. Code section 
            7108.5.)

          2)Deems that willful and deliberate failure by a contractor to 
            pay money owed for materials and services rendered, when the 
            contractor has sufficient funds, constitutes cause for 
            disciplinary action by the Contractors' State License Board 
            (CSLB).  (Bus. and Profs. Code section 7108.5.)

          3)Requires, with regard to a contract entered into on or after 
            January 1, 1995, that in order to enforce a claim upon any 
            payment bond given in connection with a public work, a 
            claimant give the 20-day public works bond preliminary notice, 
            as provided.  Further authorizes a claimant, if the 20-day 
            public works preliminary bond notice was not given as 
            prescribed by statute, to enforce a claim by giving written 
            notice to the surety and the bond principal, as provided, 
            within 15 days after recordation of a NOC, or if no NOC has 
            been recorded, within 75 days after completion of the work of 
            improvement.  (Civil Code sections 3252 8612.) 

          4)Requires payments on contracts with progress payments to be 
            made as the awarding department prescribes; provides that 
            state and public agencies shall withhold at least 5% of the 
            contract price until final completion and acceptance of the 
            project; and that progress payments upon public contracts 
            shall not be made in excess of 95% of actual work completed, 
            except as follows:

             a)   At any time after 95% of the work has been completed on 
               a state project, the state may reduce the funds withheld to 
               an amount no less than 125% of the estimated value of the 
               work yet to be completed, as specified.








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             b)   Allows a public entity to withhold 150% of the value of 
               any disputed amount of work from the final payment; or, 

             c)   At any time after 50% of a local government project is 
               completed and the legislative body finds that satisfactory 
               progress is being made, it may reduce or eliminate 
               withholding.  (Public Contract Code section 7201.)

          5)Requires a contractor in a public works contract to file a 
            performance bond with the public entity in specified amounts, 
            depending on the value of the contract.  (Public Contract Code 
            section 10261.)


           COMMENTS  :  The author explains the reason for the bill as 
          follows:

               With California's economy and cash flow continuing to 
               tighten, it is important for contractors to keep close 
               controls on payments, moneys owed, as well as potential 
               disputes. The construction industry has come together to 
               resolve payment related issues that predominately occur in 
               the public works context. The solution presented is a 
               multi-prong approach that will reduce retention on public 
               works payments to no more than 5%, unless a surety bond is 
               requested and the subcontractor is unable to provide a 
               bond. Mandatory retention caps in public works are not a 
               new concept and have been used on federal public works 
               projects for some time.

               In addition, the prompt payment statutes for public and 
               private works are often difficult to find for the small and 
               emerging contractor, so in an attempt to ease clarity in 
               the code it has been drafted to consolidate the statutes on 
               prompt payment.

               Lastly, in private works, any person who provides 
               construction services or materials to a construction 
               project has the right to file a mechanic lien on the 
               property if they are not paid; however, prior to filing the 
               lien, a 20 day preliminary lien notice must be filed with 
               the owner identifying the subcontractor or material 
               supplier and notifying the owner of the potential mechanic 








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               lien in the event payments are not forthcoming for work 
               performed or materials provided. In public works, instead 
               of a mechanic lien against the property title, there are 
               "claims" that can be made against the surety bond, which 
               such bonds are required for all public works projects 
               meeting a minimum dollar threshold. The 20 day notice 
               applies in public works, but provides that if the notice is 
               not filed, the contractor is not penalized and can make a 
               claim up to 75 days after the notice of completion. This 
               area of the law has been revised to ? avoid general 
               contractors from being hit by "surprise" claims from second 
               and third tier subcontractors.

           Background  .  This bill relates to payments made to individuals 
          hired to perform work on public and private construction 
          projects, and the cash flow between public entities and 
          homeowners, general contractors, subcontractors, and suppliers.  
          This bill also revises the terms and conditions, as well as the 
          timeframe in which those payments must be made.  Below are the 
          primary components of the measure relating to payments discussed 
          below:  progress payments, claims to the surety and bond 
          principal for both private and public works, and retention. 

           General Contractor Progress Payments to Subcontractors  .  This 
          bill reduces the time period a general contractor has to pay his 
          or her subcontractor after the general contractor has been paid 
          a progress payment from the owner.  This time period is reduced 
          from 10 to 7 days.  It is unclear what percentage of payments 
          occur in the last 3 days of this window, and whether the 
          reduction to 7 days will have any significant impact.   

           Subcontractor Bond Claims:  Public Works  .  In public works 
          projects, instead of a lien claim, there are claims that can be 
          made against the surety and bond principal, referred to as a 
          bond claim.  Subcontractors routinely file this preliminary 
          notice prior to the commencement of work and receiving payment 
          for services as a protective measure to inform the surety or 
          public entity that work will be performed for payment.  If a 
          subcontractor files this 20-day preliminary notice and is not 
          paid after 10 days of supplying labor and materials, the 
          subcontractor can file a stop notice with the public entity to 
          withhold the disputed amount from the general contractor.  The 
          public entity will only release the withheld amount to the 
          general contractor once a stop notice release is received from 








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          the claimant attesting that payment for service has been 
          rendered.  

          However, if a subcontractor does not file a 20-day preliminary 
          notice, provides labor and services, and is not paid, the 
          subcontractor is ineligible to file a stop notice with the 
          public entity.  The subcontractor must wait until the project is 
          completed or until a NOC is filed to submit a claim to the 
          surety for payment of services.  This means, that even if a 
          project is not completed until a year after an unpaid 
          subcontractor provides labor or materials, but the subcontractor 
          did not file a 20-day preliminary notice, that subcontractor 
          will have to wait a year before receiving payment through a 
          surety.  In this case, the subcontractor can make a claim within 
          15 days after recordation of a NOC, or if no NOC has been 
          recorded, up to 75 days after the NOC.  
          
          Many public entities require that contractors carry a payment 
          bond to ensure that contractors pay all debt related to a 
          construction project. 

           Exemption For Laborers From Preliminary Notice Requirements  .  
          This bill would clarify the exemption for public and private 
          works project laborers from the preliminary notice requirements 
          regarding payment bond claims.  Under existing law, laborers are 
          exempt from the preliminary notice requirements on private and 
          public works projects.  (Civ. Code Secs. 8200 and 9300.)  
          Existing law requires a preliminary notice to be served prior to 
          enforcement of a payment bond claim in accordance with Civil 
          Code Sections 8200 (private works) or 9300 (public works).  
          (Civ. Code Secs. 8612 and 9560.)  

          California State Council of Laborers, the sponsor of this bill, 
          states that confusion exists between contractors, project 
          owners, and laborers on the issue of preliminary notice 
          requirements.  Because laborers are not expressly exempt from 
          the preliminary notice requirements under the payment bond 
          enforcement provisions, contractors and project owners are 
          denying payment bond claims submitted by laborers.  Although SB 
          189, which this bill amends, is not operative until July 1, 
          2012, the statutes in effect through July 1, 2012 contain these 
          same ambiguities.  (See Civ. Code Secs. 3097, 3098, 3242, and 
          3252.)  The enforcement provisions require preliminary notice to 
          be served in accordance with the separate preliminary notice 








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          statutes, and these preliminary notice statutes are 
          cross-referenced within the enforcement provisions.  This bill 
          would clarify existing law that laborers may enforce a claim 
          against a payment bond and are not required to serve a 
          preliminary notice before hand.

           Reduction in Retention Proceeds By Public Agencies  .  Retention 
          proceeds represent a percentage of the amount of a contract that 
          is withheld from a progress payment by the public entity to the 
          original contractor, or the original contractor to one of its 
          subcontractors.  By withholding a percentage of a contract, the 
          public entity or the original contractor maintains a degree of 
          financial control over a project.  In general, the public entity 
          or the original contractor withholds at least five percent of 
          payment until the contract is completed to the satisfaction of 
          the public entity or original contractor.  In practice, the most 
          common rule is said to be retention of 10 percent.  Under this 
          bill, the amount public entities could retain would be no more 
          than five percent.

          All California contractors working on a public works project are 
          required to possess performance bonds that cover up to 150% of 
          the cost of any disputed work.  

          Performance bonds can be one option a public entity uses to 
          guarantee from a third party that the project will get completed 
          if the contractor abandons or is terminated from the project.  
          If a contractor does not meet the contract obligations and the 
          public entity seeks to use the performance bonds, the bonding 
          company selects the replacement contractor to complete the 
          remainder of the contract obligations at the lowest cost.

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :  According to the Associated General 
          Contractors of California:

               To ensure that cash flow is adequate at a time when 
               contractors' margins are shrinking and financing is 
               increasingly more difficult, establishing an appropriate 
               retention ceiling is very important.  The public is 
               protected from default by bonding requirements.

               Under current law, subcontractors are required to file a 
               20-day pre-lien notice to ensure that the owners and 
               general contractors are informed of who has lien claim 








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               rights.  However, there is an unfair provision in the 
               current law that allows a subcontractor to file a claim 
               against the bond up to 75 days from the NOC.   In large 
               public works contracts, there can be a multitude of 
               subcontractors and material suppliers.  The general 
               contractor does not know all of the material suppliers and 
               second and lower subcontractors on the job that have the 
               legal authority to file a claim. 

               Current law places the general contractor in a situation of 
               paying out all payments to its principal subcontractors 
               only to find out after all the proceeds have been paid, 
               that an unknown subcontractor or material supplier was not 
               paid.  If the subcontractor who should have paid their 
               subcontractor is judgment proof, it means the general 
               contractor will have to pay twice for the same services or 
               materials.

          According to the Engineering & Utility Contractors Association 
          and several trade organizations, "SB 293 would require that 
          progress payments be made within seven days instead of the 
          current 10 day requirement.  In addition, this bill also allows 
          subcontractors to access more capital by lowering retention 
          withholdings on public works to no more than 5% as opposed to 
          the current 10% limit.  A retention withholding represents a 
          percentage of a contract withheld so the owner or general 
          contractor can maintain a degree of control over the project.  
          Lowering the retention rate will place less of a financial 
          burden on subcontractors by ensuring that their labor and 
          material fees are justifiably covered."

          According to the Air Conditioning Sheet Metal Association, "This 
          bill modifies the timeline for which a surety bond claim can be 
          filed on public works projects and revises the timeline by which 
          prime contractors must pay their subcontractors once they have 
          received payment from an owner on a construction project.  In 
          addition, this bill provides a cap on the amount of retention 
          that may be held against contractors on public works projects." 

          "While California's economy and cash flow continue to tighten, 
          it is important for contractors to keep close controls on 
          payments, money owed, as well as potential disputes.  This 
          measure will resolve payment-related issues and help struggling 
          contractors with cash flow problems.  The solution is a balanced 








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          approach that will expedite progress payments and ensure that 
          anyone who provides material and labor to a public works project 
          gets paid for work performed and approved when they provide 
          notice of that work prior to the job being completed."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :  According to California's Coalition 
          for Adequate School Housing:

               Specifically, SB 293 repeals current statutory flexibility 
               for public agencies to  negotiate  the conditions for 
               retention proceeds in their contracts as provided for in 
               subdivision (b) of Section 7200 of the Public Contract 
               Code. Under current law, such proceeds "may not exceed the 
               percentage specified in the contract between the public 
               entity and the original contractor." School districts, in 
               good faith, negotiate contract provisions and typical 
               retention amounts are negotiated at approximately 10% of 
               the contract value. If a contractor and a public agency 
               wish to limit retention proceeds to five percent - as the 
               bill seeks to achieve - current law allows for it. 

               Retention is necessary for public agencies to ensure (1) 
               prompt completion of a project; (2) that contractors return 
               to a project to complete all contract requirements, 
                                                      including small unprofitable punch-list items; (3) there 
               are sufficient funds for public agencies to correct 
               defective work if a contractor fails to do so; (4) to have 
               sufficient funds to honor Stop notice claims filed by 
               subcontractors and suppliers; and (5) to have sufficient 
               funds withheld in order to pay workers in the event 
               contractors have failed to properly pay prevailing wage as 
               determined by the Department of Industrial Relations as 
               required by state law. By prohibiting contract withholdings 
               from exceeding five percent, and removing the flexibility 
               to negotiate a good faith provision between a public agency 
               and a contractor, SB 293 significantly thwarts an agency's 
               ability to ensure that the provisions of their public works 
               contracts are fully executed.

               Finally, contractors are currently provided the protection 
               intended by SB 293. Existing statute requires public 
               agencies to make timely payments of both progress payments 
               and final payments unless there is a legitimate dispute 
               over work. Additionally, contractors may opt to place all 








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               retention in a contractor-established escrow account and to 
               receive the interest from that account. 

          The California Special Districts Association and a coalition of 
          local public agencies write:

               Current law requires retentions of at least five percent on 
               public works projects, with the flexibility for public 
               agencies to utilize the most appropriate retention, 
               case-by-case, to protect taxpayers, ratepayers and 
               Californians who depend upon core local services. SB 293 
               puts scarce resources for schools, hospitals, parks, fire 
               houses, and other public infrastructure at risk.  

               Contract retentions ensure that:

                Public projects are delivered on time and on budget;
                Contractors complete all contract requirements, including 
               small unprofitable punch-list items;  
                There are sufficient funds to correct defective work if a 
               contractor fails to do so; and
                There are sufficient funds to pay workers in the event 
               contractors fail to pay prevailing wage properly and a 
               demand is made by the State that the public agency withhold 
               funds from the contractor.

               When a contractor does not have the proper incentive to 
               complete a public works project, local agencies are left 
               without sufficient funds and would be forced to seek new 
               funding to complete the project. This compromises the 
               public agency to the benefit of the contractor.

               A five percent retention cap imposes a one-size-fits-all 
               policy and removes flexibility to appropriately manage risk 
               on a project-by-project basis.  Local agencies must accept 
               the lowest responsible bidder when awarding contracts.  The 
               flexibility provided in existing law allows agencies to do 
               a project risk assessment and determine retention 
               provisions that are appropriate to the level of risk 
               assessed for a project. It is also important to note that 
               regional economies vary widely statewide; therefore, local 
               jurisdictions need the flexibility to appropriately 
               determine how to manage retention as part of each contract 
               to fit the needs of each party.








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               The "substantially complex" exemption language is a step in 
               the wrong direction and will lead to dangerous unintended 
               consequences: It will raise project costs, change-order 
               costs, and insurance costs. By acknowledging up-front that 
               a job is "substantially complex", a public agency will 
               publicly certify an elevated degree of difficulty to 
               bidders, who will then be able to charge a new "higher 
               substantially complex" premium. This will also increase the 
               cost of bonds and insurance coverage, and impact the 
               relationship between the agency and contractor with regard 
               to change orders and other issues as the substantially 
               complex designation could be used against the public 
               agency.
               It is a false premise that retention rates are based on the 
               complexity of projects. As Governor Gray Davis noted in his 
               veto message of Assembly Bill 806 (Keeley), a bill 
               identical to SB 293, "While the private sector can choose 
               contractors with whom they have experience and are familiar 
               with their reliability and the quality of work, public 
               entities must accept the low bidder.  Because of this 
               requirement, public entities inherently face a higher level 
               of risk when contracting for construction projects."  
               Because local agencies are required to contract with the 
               lowest bidder, sometimes less qualified contractors may 
               under-bid more qualified contractors who are more likely to 
               create issues of costly change orders and project 
               abandonment.  Ambiguity of the term "substantially complex" 
               will lead to increased litigation and bid process 
               challenges. On what basis should a department director, in 
               the case of the State, or a board of directors, in the case 
               of a public agency, make this determination?  SB 293, as 
               amended, adds yet another foothold for legal claims and bid 
               process challenges which cause project delays and cost 
               taxpayers and ratepayers valuable resources.

               Prohibiting retentions over five percent until 2016 would 
               implement a bad policy at the worst possible time. During 
               this difficult economic and budgetary time, public 
               agencies, taxpayers and ratepayers cannot afford failures 
               or disingenuous commitments on the part of general 
               contractors. Furthermore, in this climate, contractors 
               faced with difficult financial decisions are more likely to 
               abandon a project when he or she deems the remaining work 








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               to be unprofitable.

               Supporters assert that this bill is in response to the 
               downturn in the economy; however, this is the ninth attempt 
               to enact this legislative proposal, the first of which 
               dates back to 1996. We do not believe that this legislation 
               is in response to the hard economic times, rather a 
               solution in search of a problem. Furthermore, local 
               agencies have been equally hurt from the downturn in the 
               economy, slashing budgets and staff, and operating in 
               extremely fiscally constrained environments. 

               Existing law affords contractors an interest-bearing escrow 
               account for all retention proceeds. Current law provides 
               contractors the ability to establish escrow accounts that 
               allow retention proceeds to gain interest payments for the 
               contractor while providing adequate assurance to the public 
               agency that the project will be completed. Additionally, 
               local agencies commonly reduce retention to 5 percent at 
               the half-way point of project completion, if adequate 
               progress is being made and the contractor is acting in good 
               faith. Perhaps a more appropriate provision than a five 
               percent retention cap would be to provide subcontractors 
               the ability to establish interest-bearing escrow accounts, 
               similar to those of contractors.  

               Over the last 15 years, legislation to limit retentions on 
               public projects to five percent has been introduced nine 
               times and vetoed no less than four times by three 
               Governors.
               Our coalition has had many discussions in recent years 
               regarding similar proposals. However, we continue to 
               express concern over these measures because we have yet to 
               see specific examples where higher retention, typically 10 
               percent, is problematic. On the other hand, we have 
               specific examples from local agencies where a five percent 
               cap is grossly inadequate.

           Related Pending Legislation  .  AB 1354 (Huber) prohibits a public 
          entity from retaining more than 5% of a contract price until 
          final completion and acceptance of a project.  This bill is 
          pending in the Assembly Business, Professions and Consumer 
          Protection Committee.









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           Related Prior Legislation  .  AB 2216 (Fuentes) of 2010, would 
          have reduced the time available to a claimant to give written 
          notice that he or she is enforcing a claim against a bond for a 
          public works project, and decreases the time period during which 
          a contractor must pay his or her subcontractors.  This bill was 
          held on the Senate Floor. 

          AB 396 (Fuentes) of 2009, would have reduced the time available 
          for a claimant to make a claim against a bond by providing that 
          if a claimant has not provided a 20-day public work preliminary 
          bond notice as specified, the claimant may enforce a claim by 
          giving written notice to the surety and bond principal prior to 
          the completion of the project or recordation of a NOC.  This 
          bill was held in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.

          SB 629 (Liu) of 2009, would have prohibited retention proceeds 
          withheld from any payment made by an owner to the original 
          contract from exceeding 5% of the amount otherwise due under the 
          contract, applicable to all contracts entered into on or after 
          January 1, 2010.  This bill was held on the Assembly Floor. 

          SB 802 (Leno) of 2009, would have prohibited a public entity 
          from retaining more than 5% of a contract price until final 
          completion and acceptance of a project.  The Governor vetoed 
          this bill with the following message: 

               When a contractor fails to complete a public works project, 
               the public entity needs recourse to ensure that the project 
               gets completed.  Public works contracts have a higher level 
               of risk as public entities usually have to accept the low 
               bidder.  Though there are options available to the State to 
               go after a contractor who fails to complete the terms of a 
               public works contract, retaining portions of payment to the 
               contractor provides incentive for the contractor to 
               complete the project.   While I am sympathetic with the 
               concerns of subcontractors, the State's responsibility is 
               to protect the taxpayer to make certain that public works 
               projects are completed correctly and within budget; 
               limiting the retention amount hampers the State's ability 
               to do that.

          SB 593 (Margett), Chapter 341, Statutes of 2008, prohibits the 
          Department of Transportation from withholding retention proceeds 
          to its contractors when making progress payments for work 








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          performed on a public works project.

          SB 619 (Migden) of 2007, would have prohibited state and local 
          government agencies from withholding from an original 
          contractor, or an original contractor from a subcontractor, more 
          than 5% of a payment on public works contract.  This bill was 
          held on the Assembly Floor.
          
          AB 806 (Keeley) of 1999, would have limited retention proceeds 
          on public works contracts to 5%, and prohibits the state, 
          including all state agencies and political subdivisions of the 
          state, contractors, and subcontractors from withholding more 
          than 5% of a scheduled payment on a public works contract.  AB 
          806 was vetoed. 

          AB 2084 (Miller), Chapter 857, Statutes of 1998, provides that 
          the percentage of retention proceeds withheld by a contractor 
          from a subcontractor may not exceed the overall retention 
          percentage specified in the public works contract  between the 
          contractor and the public agency builder.

          AB 940 (Miller) of 1997, would have, among other things, limited 
          retention payments by public entities on public works to 5%.  
          This bill was vetoed.
           
          AB 1949 (Conroy) of 1996, would have, among other things, 
          limited retention payments by public entities on public works to 
          5%.  AB 1949 was vetoed.

           Author's Amendments To Address Subcontractor Concerns.   To 
          respond to the concerns of some subcontractor groups, the author 
          prudently proposes the following amendments:
           
           In Section 2 of the bill:

                 Strike subparagraph (2) of subdivision (b)
                 Change subdivision (c) and (d) to (e) and (f) 
               respectively
                 Add: (c) Commencing January 1, 2012, and except as 
               provided in subdivision (b), if the 20-day public works 
               preliminary notice was required by any person that has no 
               direct contractual relationship with the contractor and who 
               has not given notice as provided in Section 3098, that 
               person may enforce a claim by giving written notice to the 








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               surety and bond principal, as provided in Section 3227, 
               within 15 days after recordation of a notice of completion. 
               If no notice of completion has been recorded, the time for 
               giving written notice to the surety and the bond principal 
               is extended to 75 days after completion of the work of 
               improvement. 
                 Add: (d) Section (c), above, shall not apply in the 
               event that undisputed payments have been made to the 
               subcontractor in which there is a direct contractual 
               relationship with the general contractor to whom the 
               claimant has provided materials or services.

          Because section 2 will sunset in July, 2012, amend both Section 
          3 and 4 (which become operative July 1, 2012) to carry forward 
          the change to section 2 above by reverting subsection (b) in 
          each section to its original form, as follows: 

                 If preliminary notice was not given as provided in 
               Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 9300), a claimant may 
               enforce a claim by giving written notice to the surety and 
               bond principal within 15 days after recordation of a notice 
               of completion. If no notice of completion has been 
               recorded, the time for giving written notice to the surety 
               and the bond principal is extended to 75 days after 
               completion of the work of improvement.
                 Change subdivision (c) to (e) and (d) to (f) 
                 Add: (c) Commencing July 1, 2012, and except as provided 
               in subdivision (b), if the 20-day public works preliminary 
               notice was required by any person that has no direct 
               contractual relationship with the contractor and who has 
               not given notice as provided in Section 3098, that person 
               may enforce a claim by giving written notice to the surety 
               and bond principal, as provided in Section 3227, within 15 
               days after recordation of a notice of completion If no 
               notice of completion has been recorded, the time for giving 
               written notice to the surety and the bond principal is 
               extended to 75 days after completion of the work of 
               improvement. 
                 Add: (d) Section (c), above, shall not apply in the 
               event that undisputed payments have been made to the 
               subcontractor in which there is a direct contractual 
               relationship with the general contractor to whom the 
               claimant has provided materials or services.
           








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          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          California State Council of Laborers (sponsor)
          Air Conditioning and Sheet Metal Association
          Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration Contractors Association
          Associated General Contractors 
          Building Industry Credit Association
          California Chapters of the National Electrical Contractors 
          Association
          California Landscape & Irrigation Council
          California Legislative Conference of the Plumbing, Heating and 
          Piping Industry
          Concrete Contractors Association
          Engineering & Utility Contractors Association
          Golden State Builders Exchanges
          Sheet Metal Association
          State Building and Construction Trades Council of California
          Western Wall & Ceiling Contractors Association
          Many Individuals
          
           
           Opposition 
           
          Alameda County Flood Control and Water Conservation District 
          American Contractors Indemnity Corporation 
          Association of CA Construction Managers
          Association of California Healthcare Districts
          Association of California School Administrators
          Association of California Water Agencies
          California Association of Sanitation Agencies
          California Association of School Business Officials
          California School Boards Association
          California Special Districts Association
          California State Association of Counties
          California State University 
          Coalition for Adequate School Housing
          County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County
          Community College Facility Coalition
          Desert Water Agency
          East Valley Water District
          El Dorado Irrigation District
          League of California Cities








                                                                  SB 293
                                                                  Page  18


          Long Beach Unified School District
          Union Roofing Contractors Association
          Urban Counties Caucus
          Riverside County School Superintendents' Association
          Small School Districts Association
          Three Valleys Municipal Water District
          One individual


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Kevin G. Baker / JUD. / (916) 319-2334