BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 299|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 299
          Author:   Evans (D)
          Amended:  As introduced
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE LABOR & INDUST. RELATIONS COMMITTEE  :  5-2, 3/23/11
          AYES:  Lieu, DeSaulnier, Leno, Padilla, Yee
          NOES:  Wyland, Runner

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  4-1, 4/5/11
          AYES:  Evans, Blakeslee, Corbett, Leno
          NOES:  Harman

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-3, 5/2/11
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Pavley, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Emmerson, Runner


           SUBJECT  :    Employment:  pregnancy or childbirth leave

            SOURCE  :     California Commission on the Status of Women
                       Equal Rights Advocates
                       Labor Project for Working Families


           DIGEST  :    This bill prohibits employers from refusing to 
          maintain and pay for insurance coverage, as specified, for 
          the duration of maternity leave up to four months, as 
          specified.  This bill authorizes employers to recover 
          insurance premiums from the employee if the employee fails 
          to return from maternity leave provided that the employee's 
          failure to return from maternity leave is not due to leave 
                                                           CONTINUED





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          taken under the Moore-Brown-Roberti Family Rights Act 
          (CFRA), for a health condition that entitles the employee 
          leave, or for another circumstance beyond the control of 
          the employee.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law provides employees options for 
          leave for various reasons including pregnancy.  
                     
          The existing federal Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) 
          requires all employers with 50 or more employees within a 
          75 mile radius of the work site to grant leave to eligible 
          employees.  FMLA entitles eligible employees to take up to 
          12 workweeks of unpaid, job-protected leave in a 12-month 
          period for specified family and medical reasons, including 
          for the birth and care of a newborn child of the employee.  


          Under FMLA, among other things, a covered employer is 
          required to:

          1. Maintain group health insurance coverage for an employee 
             on FMLA leave whenever such insurance was provided 
             before the leave was taken and on the same terms as if 
             the employee had continued to work.  

          2. If applicable, make arrangements for employees to pay 
             their share of health insurance premiums while on leave. 
              In some instances, the employer may recover premiums it 
             paid to maintain health coverage for an employee who 
             fails to return to work from FMLA leave. 

          The existing CFRA requires all employers with 50 or more 
          employees within a 75 mile radius of the work site to grant 
          leave to eligible employees.  CFRA was established ensure 
          secure unpaid, job-protected, leave rights for the birth of 
          a child for purposes of bonding, placement of a child in 
          the employee's family for adoption or foster care, for the 
          serious health condition of the employee's child, parent or 
          spouse, or for the employee's own serious health condition. 
           An employer is not required to pay an employee during a 
          CFRA leave, except when an eligible employee elects, or the 
          employer requires, the employee to use any accrued vacation 
          time or other accumulated paid leave other than accrued 
          sick leave.  







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          Under CFRA, among other things, a covered employer is 
          required to: 
                           
          1. Continue providing health care coverage for employees 
             during their CFRA leave.  If the employer provides 
             health benefits under any group health plan, the 
             employer has an obligation to continue providing such 
             benefits during an employee's CFRA leave.  

          2. Continue providing health care coverage for the duration 
             of the leave(s), up to a maximum of 12 work weeks in a 
             12-month period.   In addition, during the period of 
             CFRA leave, the employee is entitled to participate in 
             employee benefit plans, including pension and retirement 
             plans to the same extent and under the same conditions 
             as would apply to any other leave granted by the 
             employer for any reason other than CFRA leave.  
                     
          The existing Pregnancy Disability Leave (PDL), under the 
          Fair Employment and Housing Act, requires all employers 
          with five or more employees to provide job-protected leave 
          for pregnancy disability for a period of up to four months, 
          as needed, for the period(s) of time a woman is actually 
          disabled by pregnancy.  There is no length of service 
          requirement before an employee disabled by pregnancy is 
          entitled to a pregnancy disability leave.  An employer is 
          not required to pay an employee during a pregnancy 
          disability leave, except in certain specified instances. 

          During any part of the pregnancy disability leave, if it 
          runs concurrently with FMLA leave and if the employer 
          provides health benefits under any "group health plan," the 
          employer may have an FMLA obligation to continue providing 
          such benefits.  However, for employers with 50 or fewer 
          employees, FMLA does not cover its employees and only PDL 
          is applied.  Under existing law, PDL does not require 
          employers to continue providing group health coverage 
          during the employees pregnancy disability leave. 
                     
          This bill makes it an unlawful practice for an employer to 
          refuse to maintain and pay for coverage under a group 
          health plan for an employee who takes Pregnancy Disability 
          Leave, as specified.  Specifically, this bill:







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          1. Prohibits an employer from refusing to maintain and pay 
             for health care coverage, not to exceed four months over 
             the course of a 12-month period, at the level and under 
             the conditions that coverage would have been provided if 
             the employee had continued in employment continuously 
             for the duration of the leave.  

          2. Allows an employer to recover from the employee the 
             premium that the employer paid for maintaining coverage 
             for the employee under the group health plan if both of 
             the following conditions occur:

              A.    The employee fails to return to work after the 
                period of leave has expired.
               
              B.    The employee's failure to return to work is for a 
                reason other than one of the following:

                       The employee taking leave under the CFRA. 

                       The continuation, recurrence, or onset of a 
                  health condition that entitles the employee to 
                  leave under PDL or other circumstance beyond the 
                  control of the employee.  

           Related Legislation  .  AB 592 (Lara), 2011-12 Session, 
          prohibits employers from interfering with or restraining an 
          employee's exercise of pregnancy disability leave or rights 
          under CFML.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                         Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions       2011-12     2012-13     2013-14     Fund  

          Unlawful employment            Unknown, likely minor, 
          absorbable           General
          practice prohibition           costs annually








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           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/3/11)

          California Commission on the Status of Women (co-source)
          Equal Rights Advocates (co-source)
          Labor Project for Working Families (co-source)
          9to5 National Association of Working Women 
          American Association of University Women California
          American Civil Liberties Union
          California Academy of Family Physicians
          California Alliance for Retired Americans
          California Child Care Resource and Referral
          California Employment Lawyers Association 
          California Family Health Council
          California Labor Federation
          California Medical Association
          California National Organization for Women 
          California Nurses Association 
          California Nurse-Midwives Association
          California Partnership to End Domestic Violence
          California Primary Care Association
          California State Employees Association
          California Women's Law Center
          Communication Workers of America, AFL-CIO District 9
          Los Angeles Alliance for New Economy 
          Nevada County Citizens for Choice
          Restaurant Opportunities Center of Los Angeles
          SEIU Local 1000
          St. John's Well Child and Family Center
          The Legal Aid Society Employment Law Center
          United Food and Commercial Workers Union, Local 5
          United Steelworkers Local 675 
          Warehouse, Processing, and Distribution Workers Union, 
          Local 26
          Western Center on Law & Poverty
          Women's Employment Clinic, Golden Gate University School of 
          Law

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, while the 
          PDL provides leave for pregnancy-related conditions, the 
          law does not require employers to continue group health 
          insurance coverage for an employee during leave.  
          Proponents argue that this lack of maternity coverage 
          assurance discourages and prevents women from taking 
          pregnancy leave despite their health needs and the needs of 







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          their baby.  In addition, the author argues that forced to 
          pay out-of-pocket costs for health coverage, many women 
          will delay or cut short their leave despite well-documented 
          benefits to maternal and child health.  According to the 
          author, almost four-fifths of workers report being unable 
          to take leave because they could not afford it.  

          Proponents maintain that although, other federal and state 
          leave laws require employers to continue health care for 
          employees on leave, the FMLA has strict eligibility 
          requirements and only 47 percent of the workforce is 
          included and CFRA excludes leave for pregnancy-related 
          conditions.  Proponents argue that due to these gaps in 
          coverage, an estimated 50 percent of the workforce is not 
          afforded the continued health insurance coverage guaranteed 
          by the FMLA and CFRA.  According to proponents, the current 
          gap in the law puts the health and well-being of women and 
          their infants at risk.  The author believes that this 
          inequitable coverage under the law effectively penalizes 
          women for taking maternity leave. 

          Proponents argue that health care benefits for women who 
          are pregnant or have just given birth should not be 
          terminated at a time when they're needed most.  The author 
          believes that meaningful access to leave - including the 
          maintenance of health insurance coverage - is essential to 
          protecting the health and economic security of working 
          women and their families.  This bill seeks to close the gap 
          in health insurance for women on maternity leave by 
          bringing PDL in line with health coverage provisions of 
          related state and federal family and medical leave laws.  


          PQ:kc  5/3/11   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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