BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 393|
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                              UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 393
          Author:   Hernandez (D)
          Amended:  8/24/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 5/4/11
          AYES:  Hernandez, Strickland, Alquist, Anderson, Blakeslee, 
            De Le�n, DeSaulnier, Rubio, Wolk

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-2, 5/26/11
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Pavley, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Runner
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Emmerson

           SENATE FLOOR  :  30-7, 6/2/11
          AYES:  Alquist, Anderson, Blakeslee, Calderon, Corbett, 
            Correa, De Le�n, DeSaulnier, Emmerson, Evans, Hancock, 
            Hernandez, Kehoe, Leno, Lieu, Liu, Lowenthal, Negrete 
            McLeod, Padilla, Pavley, Price, Rubio, Simitian, 
            Steinberg, Strickland, Vargas, Wolk, Wright, Wyland, Yee
          NOES:  Dutton, Fuller, Gaines, Harman, Huff, La Malfa, 
            Walters
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Berryhill, Cannella, Runner

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  Not available


           SUBJECT  :    Patient-centered medical homes

           SOURCE  :     American Academy of Pediatrics 
                      California Academy of Family Physicians 
                      California Academy of Physician Assistants 
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                      California Primary Care Association 
                      California Psychiatric Association 
                      Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons of 
          California


           DIGEST  :    This bill establishes the Patient-Centered 
          Medical Home Act of
          2012 and defines patient-centered medical home.  This bill 
          provides that a physician-directed practice team shall not 
          be construed to prohibit activities conducted pursuant to 
          specified provisions of law regarding scope of practice.  
          This bill specifies that its provisions do not alter the 
          scope of practice of any health care provider.

           Assembly Amendments  prohibit this bill from being construed 
          to do any of the following:  (1) alter the scope of 
          practice of any licensed or certified health care provider, 
          (2) apply to a Low Income Health Plan, as specified, (3) 
          apply to public health care programs, as specified, and (4) 
          prevent or limit participation in activities authorized by 
          a federal health program or grant, as specified.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing federal law:

          1. Defines, under the Patient Protection and Affordable 
             Care Act (PPACA) (Public Law 111-148), as amended by the 
             Health Care Education and Reconciliation Act of 2010 
             (Public Law 111-152), patient-centered medical homes and 
             authorizes tests of innovative Medicaid and Medicare 
             service delivery models in federal fiscal years 2010 to 
             2019, "to reduce program expenditures while preserving 
             or enhancing patient quality of care." Innovative models 
             include patient-centered medical homes for high-need 
             patients and medical homes that address women's unique 
             health care needs. 

          2. Makes grants available to states to establish 
             community-based interdisciplinary teams to support 
             medical homes and help primary care providers implement 
             them in federal fiscal years 2011 and 2012.


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          Existing state law:

          1. Defines a "medical home" as a "single provider or 
             facility that maintains all of an individual's medical 
             information" for the purposes of the Health Care 
             Coverage Initiative, a Medi-Cal demonstration project 
             which provides funding for programs to expand health 
             care coverage to low income, uninsured residents in 
             selected counties. 

          2. Provides for the licensure and regulation of clinics and 
             health facilities by the Department of Public Health.

          3. Provides for the registration, certification, and 
             licensure of various health care professionals and sets 
             forth the scope of practice for these professionals. 

          This bill:

          1. Defines a PCMH as a health care delivery model that 
             meets the following criteria: 

             A.    Facilitates a relationship between a patient and 
                his or her personal physician and surgeon or other 
                licensed primary care provider in a 
                physician-directed practice team to provide 
                comprehensive and culturally competent primary and 
                preventive care; 

             B.    Utilizes a team approach to care; 

             C.    Delivers high-quality, comprehensive and 
                coordinated care including whole person orientation, 
                as specified; 

             D.    Uses evidence-based medicine, patient input and 
                clinical decision support tools, as specified; 

             E.    Enhances patient access to, and communication 
                with, his or her medical home team; and 

             F.    Engages in continuous quality improvement, as 
                specified. 


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          2. Prohibits this bill from being construed to do any of 
             the following: 

             A.    Alter the scope of practice of any licensed or 
                certified health care provider; 

             B.    Apply to a Low Income Health Plan, as specified; 

             C.    Apply to public health care programs, as 
                specified; and

             D.    Prevent or limit participation in activities 
                authorized by a federal health program or grant, as 
                specified. 

           Background  

           Medical homes  .  According to a 2010 brief entitled "Health 
          Cost Containment and Efficiencies," published by the 
          National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), the 
          medical home model is designed to address several 
          shortcomings in the current health care system, especially 
          uncoordinated care.  Poor care coordination is associated 
          with duplicate procedures, conflicting treatment 
          recommendations, unnecessary hospitalizations and nursing 
          home placements, and adverse drug reactions.  In addition 
          to uncoordinated care, medical homes are designed to 
          address lack of patient access to a primary care doctor, 
          inadequate physician payment for primary care services, use 
          of more expensive services when less expensive care would 
          be as effective, and poor care management for patients with 
          chronic conditions.  
          
          Research has shown that primary care makes significant 
          contributions to health.  Primary care reduces deaths from 
          heart and lung disease, leads to longer lives, reduces 
          hospital and emergency room use, and reduces health 
          disparities.  Researchers have linked the United States' 
          low scores on primary care to higher costs and poorer 
          health outcomes relative to other developed nations.  In 
          addition, according to the Department of Public Health, 
          states find that a reliable medical home can magnify the 
          effect of disease management programs. 


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          According to a 2007 Commonwealth Fund report, "Closing the 
          Divide: How Medical Homes Promote Equity in Health Care," 
          when adults have health insurance coverage and a medical 
          home, racial and ethnic disparities in access and quality 
          tend to disappear.  The analysis, based on a Commonwealth 
          Fund survey of more than 2,830 adults nationwide, reveals 
          that linking minority patients to a medical home can help 
          them better manage chronic conditions and obtain critical 
          preventive care. 

          In a 2008 report to the United States Congress, the federal 
          Medicare Payment Advisory Commission recommended that 
          Congress establish a budget-neutral payment increase for 
          primary care services furnished by primary-care-focused 
          practitioners (defined as those whose specialty designation 
          is defined as primary care or whose pattern of claims meets 
          a minimum threshold of furnishing primary care services).  
          The Commission also recommended that Congress initiate a 
          Medicare medical home pilot project, with stringent 
          specified criteria and a physician pay-for-performance 
          program. 
          
           Medical home model in other states  .  NCSL reports that, as 
          of July 2010, at least 29 states had enacted medical home 
          legislation and 22 had one or more public, private or 
          public-private medical home pilot programs. 
          Many states have adopted medical home legislation and 
          programs, mostly for Medicaid and Children's Health 
          Insurance Program (CHIP) enrollees.  Some states, such as 
          Iowa, Oregon, Pennsylvania and Vermont, also allow or 
          encourage private sector participation. Community Care of 
          North Carolina, the state's Medicaid program, is a working 
          example of a patient centered medical home.  The goals of 
          the program are to improve the care of the Medicaid 
          population, control costs, develop community-based networks 
          to manage care of populations in partnership with the 
          state, and fully develop the medical home model.  The 
          program has demonstrated excellent quality and cost 
          outcomes through disease management, evidence-based 
          clinical practice, and an emphasis on a physician-led team 
          approach.  Two evaluations of this program indicate it 
          saved the State of North Carolina $195 to $215 million in 
          2003 and between $230 and $260 million in 2004 when 
          compared to historical fee-for-service. 

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          In the private sector, IBM also implemented a 
          "patient-centric medical home" which is similar to the 
          medical home defined in this bill.  According to the 
          company, as a result, its injury and illness rates are 
          lower than the rest of the industry.  IBM employees also 
          had nine to twenty-five percent fewer emergency room visits 
          and a sixteen percent reduction in medical and 
          pharmaceutical costs.  These savings also led to lower 
          premiums and $100 million savings annually, including 
          through increased productivity.   

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/29/12)

          American Academy of Pediatrics (co-source)
          California Academy of Family Physicians (co-source)
          California Academy of Physician Assistants (co-source)
          California Primary Care Association (co-source)
          California Psychiatric Association (co-source)
          Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons of California 
          (co-source)
          American College of Physicians, California Chapter
          American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 
          District IX
          American Nurses Association of California 
          California Association of Physician Groups
          California Mental Health Directors Association
          California Pharmacists Association
          California Society of Health-System Pharmacists
          Children Now
          Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California
          Six Rivers Planned Parenthood
          Southern California Society of Health-System Pharmacists

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/29/12)

          Department of Health Care Services

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, this bill 
          establishes a definition for the set of best health care 
          practices known as PCMH to ensure uniform standards of 

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          quality and access.  The author argues that out-of-control 
          health care costs, diminishing state revenue, a growing 
          shortage of primary care professionals, inadequate 
          distribution of health care providers, and a sharp increase 
          in the demand for services for those with chronic disease 
          and mental health disorders drive the need for the PCMH 
          model of health care delivery.  The author maintains that 
          establishing a definition for this model in state law makes 
          it more likely that California will receive crucial federal 
          health care dollars. 

          Supporters, representing various provider and consumer 
          advocacy groups, agree that a medical home serves as a 
          centralized hub to provide patients and their families with 
          coordinated services, such as preventive and wellness care, 
          referrals for specialty care, and help in coordinating care 
          across specialties.  They state that the PCMH model is 
          particularly effective for children as it encourages a 
          "whole child" approach that increases the ability to avoid 
          or successfully manage chronic childhood conditions and, in 
          doing so, it could produce potentially significant cost 
          savings over a lifetime.  Supporters write that, as the 
          PCMH model continues to evolve and grow in popularity, this 
          bill will ensure uniform application of the use of the PCMH 
          in California and provide clarity on the appropriate 
          standards of care for this model in the state.  They add 
          that this bill ensures that all licensed providers are 
          included as partners in the medical home model and sends an 
          important 
          signal that California supports health care that is 
          comprehensive, accessible, cost-effective, and 
          evidence-based. 


          DLW:m  8/29/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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