BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                                 SENATE HEALTH
                               COMMITTEE ANALYSIS
                       Senator Ed Hernandez, O.D., Chair


          BILL NO:       SB 413                                      
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          AUTHOR:        LaMalfa                                     
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          AMENDED:       March 25, 2011                              
          HEARING DATE:  April 27, 2011                              
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          CONSULTANT:                                                
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          Orr                                                        
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                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                          Disposition of human remains


                                     SUMMARY  

          Allows for the disposal of human remains when a permit for 
          disposition has been requested and obtained from the local 
          registrar, among other requirements.  Provides that a 
          permit for disposal shall be deemed issued if no action is 
          taken by a local registrar within three weeks after a 
          request for a permit is made.


                             CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW  

          Existing law:
          Prohibits the disposition of human remains unless a death 
          certificate has been obtained and filed with the local 
          registrar of births and deaths and unless the registrar 
          issues a permit for disposition.
          
          Specifies that, under certain circumstances, neither death 
          certificates nor permits are required in order to transport 
          human remains from California to an adjacent state. 

          Provides that any person who buries or incinerates a body, 
          removes any remains from the primary registration district 
          in which the death or incineration occurred or the body was 
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          found, or removes remains from a cemetery without the 
          authority of a burial or removal permit issued by the local 
          registrar, is guilty of a misdemeanor and punishable by 
          fines.
          
          This bill:
          Provides that if no action is taken by a local registrar 
          within three weeks after a request for a permit for 
          disposal is made, a permit shall be deemed issued. 

          Allows for the disposal of human remains when a death 
          certificate has been obtained and filed with the local 
          registrar, and when a permit for disposition has been 
          requested and obtained. 
                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          This bill is keyed non-fiscal.


                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION
                                         
          The author has introduced this bill to create a means by 
          which deceased persons may be buried or cremated in 
          instances where, due to budget cuts, furloughs, or lack of 
          staff, an issuing agency is unable to issue a permit for 
          the Disposition of Human Remains in a timely fashion. This 
          bill is in response to anecdotal reporting of delays in the 
          issuance of permits, which have prohibited constituents 
          from burying loved ones within timeframes they deemed 
          appropriate. 
          
          Registrars
          Health officers of local health departments serve as the 
          local registrars for their respective health jurisdiction, 
          and perform all the duties of a local registrar of births 
          and deaths.  The Office of Vital Records (OVR), housed 
          within the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) is 
          the State Registrar for the State of California. OVR 
          maintains a permanent, public record of every birth and 
          death that has occurred in California since July 1905, and 
          has more than 50 million records on file. OVR is a separate 
          entity from local registrars and county recorders, but has 
          supervisory power over local registrars.  

          Before birth and death records are registered in the OVR 




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          state database, they are first registered by the county 
          health department and recorded by the county recorder's 
          office in the local jurisdiction where the birth or death 
          took place. The county health department keeps birth and 
          death records for current year events and one year prior, 
          but records for all years are maintained by the county 
          recorder.

          Local registrars are responsible for issuing permits for 
          the disposal of human remains. Permits can only be issued 
          after a certificate of death is properly executed, 
          complete, and filed with the local registrar.   

          Certificates of death
          Death certificates contain identifying information about 
          the deceased including: birthplace, address, gender, age 
          and occupation; the place and cause of death; the name of 
          the physician or coroner; and the name of the funeral 
          director. Death certificates can be used to review the 
          cause of death, arrange for a burial or cremation, to 
          provide evidence of the fact of death (which can be used to 
          prove a person's will or to make a claim on a person's life 
          insurance), or used in public health to compile data on 
          leading causes of death and other statistics.  

          Death certificates are prepared by funeral directors who 
          obtain the required non-medical information from the person 
          or source best qualified to supply this information. The 
          medical and health section data of the certificate and the 
          time of death are usually completed and attested to by the 
          physician and surgeon last in attendance. The funeral 
          director then registers the certificate with the local 
          registrar.

          In cases of violent, sudden, unusual and other specified 
          types of deaths, coroners are required to inquire into and 
          determine the circumstances, manner and cause of death.  
          For the purpose of inquiry, the coroner has the right to 
          exhume the body of a deceased person when necessary. In 
          case of death without medical attendance and without 
          violence, casualty, criminal or undue means, the coroner 
          may, without holding an inquest or autopsy, make the 
          certificate of death from statements of relatives or 
          persons present at the time of death, after due medical 
          consultation and opinion has been given.




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          Every death is required to be registered with the local 
          registrar in the jurisdiction in which the death was 
          officially pronounced, or the body was found, within eight 
          calendar days after the death, and prior to any disposition 
          of human remains.  Local registrars transmit copies of 
          original death certificates to the county recorder and 
          forward original certificates to the State Registrar. 
          Copies of death certificates marked as work-related are 
          also transmitted by the local registrar to the Division of 
          Labor Statistics and Research of the Department of 
          Industrial Relations each month.

          Permits for the disposal of human remains 
          A permit for the disposition of human remains must specify 
          the place where the remains will be buried, scattered, or 
          kept (if cremated). A permit must be issued to the person 
          having the right to control the disposition of the remains. 
          A permit cannot be issued by the local registrar if the 
          death occurred from a disease declared by CDPH to be 
          infectious, contagious, or communicable and dangerous to 
          the public health, except under conditions prescribed by 
          the department or local health officers. The diseases are 
          determined by CDPH, and the State Registrar is required to 
          inform all local registrars of these diseases so that when 
          deaths involving these diseases occur, proper precautions 
          can be taken to avoid their spread.  CDPH also has the 
          statutory authority to make and enforce regulations for the 
          embalming, cremation, interment, disinterment and 
          transportation of the dead in matters relating to 
          communicable diseases.

          Current law does not require permits or death certificates 
          when human remains are transported from California to an 
          adjacent state for disposition in that state when the 
          following conditions are met:
                 The remains are found within 50 miles of the 
               California border and the nearest licensed funeral 
               establishment is within 20 miles of the border in the 
               adjacent state.
                 The coroner with jurisdiction over the area in 
               which the remains were found authorizes their release, 
               only after the coroner determines that there is no 
               forensic interest in the remains and that a reasonable 
               certainty exists that the cause of death will either 




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               be provided by the primary physician or by review of 
               medical records by the coroner or medical examiner. 

          If the coroner authorizes release of remains to an 
          out-of-state funeral establishment, the coroner must file a 
          death certificate with the local registrar within 72 hours 
          after the remains were found.  

          Related bills
          AB 4 (Miller) would authorize the Cemetery and Funeral 
          Bureau (Bureau) to license and regulate hydrolysis 
          facilities and hydrolysis facility managers, as specified.  
          Would add hydrolyzed human remains to existing law 
          governing the disposal of cremated human remains, including 
          disciplinary action, as specified.  Pending hearing in the 
          Assembly business, Professions, and Consumer Protection 
          Committee on April 26, 2011.

          AB 905 (Pan) provides that the designation by a service 
          member of a person authorized to direct disposition on a 
          the Record of Emergency Data shall be sufficient to 
          establish an agent who has the right and duty of 
          disposition of the remains of that service member, provided 
          he or she died while on duty in any Branch or Component of 
          the U.S. Armed Forces. Pending hearing in the Assembly 
          Veterans Affairs Committee April 26, 2011.

          AB 966 (Yamada) would allow a public cemetery district to 
          expand the definition of an eligible nonresident to include 
          a person who has a significant and ongoing involvement with 
          institutions within the district, as specified. Pending 
          hearing in Assembly Local government Committee on May 11, 
          2011.

          Prior legislation
          AB 2283 (Miller) of 2010 would have required the Bureau to 
          adopt regulations for the safe operation of alkaline 
          hydrolysis chambers, by July 1, 2011.  Held in the Senate 
          Environmental Quality Committee.
          
          AB 2105 (Emmerson) Chapter 463, Statutes of 2006, allows 
          human remains to be transported to an adjacent state 
          without a death certificate or permit for disposition under 
          specified circumstances. 





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          Arguments in opposition
          The California Association of Public Cemeteries believes 
          this bill would make a significant exception to the current 
          requirement of tracking and accounting for the final 
          disposition of human remains.


                                     COMMENTS

           1.  Public health implications. Health and Safety Code 
          Section 103055(b) states that no permit for the disposition 
          of a body shall be issued by the local registrar whenever 
          the death occurred from a disease declared by the state 
          department to be infectious, contagious, or communicable 
          and dangerous to the public health, except under conditions 
          prescribed by the state department and local health 
          officers. SB 413 could allow a permit to be deemed issued 
          without the express issuance of a permit by the registrar, 
          without regard to a potential public health threat.  


                                   POSITIONS  

          Support:  None received.
          
          Oppose:   California Association of Public Cemeteries


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