BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                           Senator Christine Kehoe, Chair

                                          SB 450 (Lowenthal)
          
          Hearing Date: 05/02/2011        Amended: 04/11/2011
          Consultant: Mark McKenzie       Policy Vote: T&H 9-0
          
















































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          BILL SUMMARY: SB 450 would reform and restrict how a 
          redevelopment agency (RDA) spends tax increment funds deposited 
          into its low- and moderate-income housing (L&M) fund, requires 
          the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) to 
          conduct audits of RDAs, and expands the oversight of RDA audits. 
           
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                            Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions         2011-12      2012-13       2013-14     Fund
           Diversion of L&M increment        transfer of approximately $540 
          annually               Special*
                                   from RDAs to new state special fund

          HCD audits             staffing costs covered by RDA L&M 
          fundsSpecial*
                                 
          SCO audit reviews                 up to $370  up to $281General

          DOJ investigation/prosecution       unknown, likely minor 
          costsGeneral

          Board of Accountancy   unknown staffing pressures       
          Special**
          Investigations/auditor appeals
          ____________
          * Redevelopment Agency Accountability Fund
          ** Accountancy Fund
          _________________________________________________________________
          ____

          STAFF COMMENTS: This bill meets the criteria for referral to the 
          Suspense File. 

          This bill is intended to address a number of issues related to 
          how redevelopment agencies account for expenditures from L&M 
          funds.  The Senate Office of Oversight and Outcomes (SOOO) 
          recently released a report, Where Does the Affordable Housing 
          Money Go: Administrative Spending by Redevelopment Agencies 
          Lacks Accountability (September 30, 2010), that identifies 
          numerous findings of mismanagement of L&M funds, including 
          unreliable audits, poor record keeping, questionable spending of 
          housing funds, and a lack of assurance that the funds are being 








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          used for direct expenditures related to affordable housing.  SB 
          450 implements many of the SOOO recommendations identified in 
          the report.

          Specifically, this bill would:
           Cap RDA expenditures on planning and administrative duties at 
            15% of the tax increment deposited into the L&M fund in a 
            given fiscal year, as specified, and require additional 
            information on these expenditures in the RDA's annual report.
           Require an RDA to reimburse the L&M fund 150% of amounts used 
            to acquire or maintain land purchased with excess surplus 
            revenues if the RDA has failed to initiate affordable housing 
            development activities within 5 years.
           Requires at least 75% of RDA expenditures from the L&M fund 
            over a 10-year period, exclusive of debt service, to be used 
            for housing for persons of extremely low-, very low-, low-, or 
            moderate-income, as specified.
           Revises and clarifies and RDA's obligations relative to 
            replacement of affordable housing units removed or destroyed 
            as a result of redevelopment activities.
           Repeal a requirement that L&M funds that have not been 
            committed for housing within 6 years be offered to a local 
            housing authority, as specified.
           Require RDA's to annually deposit .05% of L&M tax increment to 
            the Redevelopment Agency Accountability Fund (created by this 
            bill).  These funds would be available to the Department of 
            Housing and Community Development (HCD), upon appropriation by 
            the Legislature, as specified.
           Require HCD to conduct audits of RDAs to ensure compliance 
            with the housing provisions of the Community Redevelopment 
            Law.
           Require HCD to forward its audits or investigations of RDAs to 
            the Attorney General (AG) and State Controller (SCO), and 
            specifies procedures for investigating and prosecuting RDAs 
            that fail to correct major audit violations within certain 
            timeframes.
           Prohibit RDAs, with good cause that an uncorrected violation 
            remains, from encumbering or spending funds, except to pay 
            existing debts, adopting or amending redevelopment plans, 
            except to correct a major audit violation, or selling bonds or 
            creating new debts, until the violation is corrected.
           Authorize the SCO to perform quality control reviews of RDAs' 
            financial audit reports, and require the SCO, if a review 
            uncovers unprofessional conduct, to refer the case to the 








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            State Board of Accountancy for investigation.
           Require the SCO to report an independent auditor that fails to 
            perform consecutive audits in conformity with specified 
            guidelines to the Board of Accountancy.
           Prohibit an independent auditor from performing RDA audits for 
            three years if the Board of Accountancy discovers 
            unprofessional conduct or agrees with the SCO's determination 
            that consecutive audits were not conducted according to 
            guidelines.

          There are 395 active redevelopment agencies in the state.  Each 
          RDA is required to annually report its activities to its city 
          council (or county board of supervisors), including an 
          independent financial audit report which reviews "the agency's 
          compliance with laws, regulations, and administrative 
          requirements."  If the redevelopment agency's annual report 
          identifies one of nine major audit violations, the agency must 
          tell its city council.  RDAs also send copies of their annual 
          reports to HCD and the SCO.  Existing law prescribes a procedure 
          for review of RDAs' independent financial audits by the SCO for 
          major violations and referral to the AG and the courts for 
          prosecution for failure of the auditor to correct the 
          violations.  Existing law provides HCD with the authority to 
          audit RDAs' housing programs and activities, but HCD does not 
          have the authority to refer major audit violations to the AG and 
          the courts.  From 1998 to 2007, HCD conducted 42 audits of 
          redevelopment agencies, which resulted in findings of major 
          audit violations and ultimately resulted in the redirection of 
          several million dollars back into local L&M funds.  HCD was 
          forced to suspend RDA audit activities after 2007 due to budget 
          constraints.

          SB 450 would resume this program by requiring HCD to conduct 
          audits of RDAs to ensure compliance with the housing provisions 
          of the Community Redevelopment Law.  The bill would require RDAs 
          to deposit one-half of one-tenth of a percent (.05%) of all new 
          L&M funds into a new state special fund to cover HCD's costs 
          associated with these requirements.  This redirection of RDA L&M 
          funds is expected to generate approximately $540,000 annually.  
          HCD indicates that it would be able to hire 2-3 new staff (1-2 
          auditor positions and one housing specialist) with these new 
          resources.  Staff notes that there may be some General Fund cost 
          pressures initially to hire new staff before the RDA 
          Accountability Fund revenues are available.  Based on the number 








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          of audits that HCD conducted in the 9 year period up to 2007 
          with one auditor position, staff estimates that HCD would likely 
          conduct 7-10 audits per year under the authority provided in 
          this bill.

          This bill would also require HCD to forward its redevelopment 
          audits and investigations to both the AG and the SCO.  HCD would 
          also be required to determine whether identified major audit 
          violations have been corrected and specifies procedures for 
          investigating and prosecuting RDAs that fail to correct major 
          audit violations within certain timeframes.  This process 
          mirrors existing law with respect to SCO determinations of audit 
          violations and referrals to the AG and the courts.  HCD 
          indicates that costs for reviewing, monitoring, and reporting 
          RDAs would depend upon the number of audit violations identified 
          each year.  If 12 cases were reviewed in a year, which 
          represents the highest number of investigations in the period 
          between 1998 and 2005, costs would be absorbable.  If more 
          investigations are required, HCD could conduct fewer audits to 
          the extent that additional staff time is needed for assessment 
          of audit violations.

          This bill would also authorize, but not require, the SCO to 
          perform quality control reviews of RDAs' financial audit 
          reports, and require the SCO, if a review uncovers 
          unprofessional conduct, to refer the case to the State Board of 
          Accountancy for investigation.  The SCO would also be required 
          to report an independent auditor that fails to perform 
          consecutive audits in conformity with specified guidelines to 
          the Board of Accountancy.  The Board would prohibit auditors to 
          perform RDA audits for three years if the determinations are 
          verified. 

          For the 2005-06 fiscal year reporting period, the SCO identified 
          134 compliance findings citied in the audit reports received 
          from RDAs.  Of this amount, 61 were major audit violations from 
          33 RDAs; 15 of these findings were referred to the Attorney 
          General.  While the SCO provisions in SB 450 are permissive, the 
          SCO may perform the additional reviews to the extent that staff 
          is available or when there is a demonstration of some likelihood 
          of success on the merit of the claim that an RDA has a major 
          audit violation, or their auditor has engaged in unprofessional 
          conduct.  To the extent that the SCO determined that quality 
          control reviews would be performed on all independent financial 








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          audit reports received from HCD, SCO would need up to 2 PY of 
          Accounting and Reporting staff in 2012-13 and 1 PY thereafter 
          (Associate Accounting Analyst positions), and up to 2 PY of 
          permanent Staff Management Auditor positions for a total 
          estimated cost of up to $370,000 in 2012-13 and up to $281 in 
          subsequent years.  The additional workload, if it were 
          performed, would be for updating guidelines, developing a review 
          checklist and database, performing the reviews, communicating 
          review results to auditors and RDAs, and referring those with 
          violations to the Board of Accountancy.

          The Board of Accountancy could experience an increased workload 
          as a result of the requirements of this bill, and staffing 
          pressures due to the timeframes prescribed in the bill.  Actual 
          costs and staffing pressures would depend upon the number and 
          complexity of cases referred to the Board.  The Board further 
          notes that they have recently had trouble filling vacant 
          positions.

          The Department of Justice identifies unknown, but likely minor 
          costs as a result of increased prosecutions of RDAs with major 
          audit violations, and providing counsel to the Board of 
          Accountancy and the SCO.  It is likely that few cases would be 
          referred to the AG for prosecution.  The current AG workload for 
          referrals of audit violations from the SCO is minor and would 
          likely remain minimal as actual litigation is very rare in these 
          cases.

          The bill would place numerous additional requirements on RDAs 
          related to the increased obligations for accounting and 
          expenditures of L&M funds.  Any new costs incurred by RDAs would 
          be entirely local and are not reimbursable by the state.