BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  SB 662                          HEARING:  5/4/11
          AUTHOR:  DeSaulnier                       FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  4/28/11                         TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Ewing                        

                                2011 REALIGNMENT
          

          Authorizes the Department of Finance to enter into 
          contracts with counties to permit the integration of 
          services, consistent with the Governor's Realignment 
          proposal.


                           Background and Existing Law
           
          The state and local agencies provide a range of services to 
          meet the health and safety needs of Californians.  
          Generally, these programs are authorized and funded under 
          state or federal law, often with additional authorization 
          and funding from local agencies.  While the state provides 
          some direct services, such as parole programs, most health 
          and safety programs are operated by local agencies, 
          regional entities, or community-based organizations under 
          agreements with the state.  Those agreements often include 
          cost-sharing ratios that distribute costs between federal, 
          state, and local governments.

          The state's enduring fiscal crisis has necessitated 
          significant reductions in spending.  In response, the 
          Governor's January 2011 budget proposal calls for 
          restructuring the operations of specific programs, 
          including shifting funding and responsibility for those 
          programs from the state to counties.  The Governor's 
          proposal is intended to avoid duplication and reduce 
          administrative costs.  The programs proposed for 
          restructuring include parole, juvenile justice, mental 
          health, substance abuse treatment, child welfare services, 
          and others.


          The Governor's proposal draws upon similar, prior efforts.  
          In 1991, in response to a fiscal crisis, the state adopted 
          major changes in the organization of specific mental 




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          health, social service, and health programs.  Those changes 
          shifted program responsibilities from the state to the 
          counties, established new cost-sharing ratios, and provided 
          the counties with a dedicated funding stream for those 
          programs. 

          As in 1991, the Governor's current proposal addresses a 
          fiscal problem and is premised on the following principles:

          Dedicated revenue.  In general, the programs proposed for 
          realignment rely on annual state appropriations.  
          Designating a dedicated revenue stream that would go to 
          counties to fund these programs is intended to improve 
          funding stability and enable local officials to improve 
          program operations and planning. 

          Enhanced flexibility.  The state imposes a range of 
          requirements and restrictions on the programs proposed for 
          realignment.  Those restrictions help manage costs and 
          promote statewide consistency.  Yet restrictions also 
          impede flexibility, undermining local agencies' abilities 
          to tailor program design to local needs.  Shifting 
          decision-making authority from the state to local 
          governments is intended to enhance flexibility, which can 
          enable service integration and opportunities for 
          innovation.  

          Aligned incentives.  Shifting responsibility for programs 
          and control of funding also is intended to ensure that 
          county governments accrue the fiscal benefits of 
          implementing cost effective practices, such as prevention 
          and early intervention, and bear the financial burden of 
          inefficient or ineffective programs.  

          Expanded local control.  Traditionally, the state, through 
          the annual budget process, determines how to allocate 
          funding across multiple health and safety programs.  
          Because realignment shifts program and fiscal authority to 
          counties, each county can decide - within any limits 
          specified in the enabling legislation - how to prioritize 
          funding across programs. 

          Improved state oversight, focus on outcomes.  In 1991, and 
          in the Governor's current realignment proposal, the role of 
          the state shifts from allocating local assistance funding 
          to providing technical assistance and providing oversight 





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          of local programs. 


                                   Proposed Law  

          Senate Bill 662 authorizes the Department of Finance to 
          enter into contracts with counties to operate and integrate 
          the health and safety programs included in the Governor's 
          realignment proposal.  Those contracts must do the 
          following:

                 Identify statutes or regulations that must be 
               waived or modified to meet the goals of realignment.  
                 Include benchmarks and outcomes for the programs 
               covered by the contract.
                 Reference agreements with other local agencies that 
               must be adopted to achieve the goals of the contract.
                 Identify strategies to ensure compliance with 
               applicable federal requirements.

          Senate Bill 662 requires contracts between the state and 
          the counties to be cost-neutral to both parties and to last 
          10 years unless they are extended in the ninth year.  
          The bill requires that contracts be approved by the 
          Legislature and Governor in the form of a bill and be 
          ratified by the county Board of Supervisors before they 
          take effect.  The Legislative Analyst's Office must issue a 
          report on the policy and fiscal effects of each contract.  
          After five years, SB 662 requires counties to submit a 
          report to the Legislature on progress toward the goals 
          included in the contract.  SB 662 is contingent on 
          enactment of funding for the Governor's realignment plan as 
          determined by the Department of Finance.


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          No estimate. 


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  Senate Bill 662 creates a path to 
          implement the Governor's realignment proposal.  SB 662 
          authorizes each county to tailor its approach to service 
          integration through negotiations with the Department of 





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          Finance while ensuring adequate review by the Legislature, 
          the Governor, and the county Board of Supervisors.  SB 662 
          builds upon prior legislation that authorized 
          county-specific approaches to service delivery, such as the 
          San Mateo Consolidated Human Services Agency (SB 1347, 
          Morgan, 1992), the Solano County Integrated Health and 
          Human Service Program (AB 866, Thomson, 1997) the Placer 
          County Pilot Project (SB 899, Leslie, 1996) and the County 
          Integrated Health and Human Services Program (AB 1259, 
          Strom-Martin, 1999).  SB 662 extends the approach of those 
          earlier programs and provides broad authority for counties 
          to design their service delivery systems to meet local 
          needs.  SB 662 requires contracts to include performance 
          and outcome measures, review by the Legislature Analyst's 
          Office, and periodic reporting on performance and outcomes.

          2.   Just do it  .  Some counties currently tailor their 
          approaches to service integration.  The legislation 
          establishing the San Mateo Consolidated Human Services 
          Agency (SB 1347, Morgan, 1992), the Solano County 
          Integrated Health and Human Service Program (AB 866, 
          Thomson, 1997) the Placer County Pilot Project (SB 899, 
          Leslie, 1996), and the County Integrated Health and Human 
          Services Program (AB 1259, Strom-Martin, 1999), demonstrate 
          that counties can obtain the statutory authority they need 
          to tailor service delivery to meet local needs.  

          3.   An overly complicated approach  ?  Senate Bill 662 could 
          result in 58 unique approaches to delivering services, 
          undermining the capacity of state agencies to deliver 
          technical assistance, monitor effectiveness, and promote 
          evidence-based practices.  Under existing mental health 
          statutes and regulations, counties must provide specified 
          services to eligible children as defined by the state.  
          That specificity allows the state to monitor compliance.  
          Under SB 662, each county would potentially be able to 
          decide who is eligible for services, which services would 
          be available, and how they are delivered.  That variation 
          will make it difficult for the state to monitor program 
          effectiveness by sampling programs for evaluation, or 
          promoting evidence-based practices, which often must be 
          implemented in strict conformity with the evidence base, 
          including issues such as how programs are staffed.  The 
          Committee may want to explore opportunities to balance 
          county flexibility with statewide consistency to ensure 
          that state agencies can monitor programs and document 





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          effectiveness.  That balance could be in the form of 
          minimum standards for service eligibility and delivery, 
          with flexibility in how services are delivered.  
          Alternatively, the Committee could limit the number of 
          unique contracts, and instead authorize a limited number of 
          implementation approaches, developed in consultation with 
          the counties, from which counties could choose.  

          4.   Fast-track legislative review and approval  .  Senate 
          Bill 662 establishes a procedure for the state and counties 
          to negotiate the implementation of realignment.  That 
          process would likely have four stages:  1) the counties 
          negotiate contracts with the Department of Finance, 2) 
          contracts are reviewed and approved by the Legislature, 3) 
          contracts passed by the Legislature are assessed and 
          approved by the Governor, and 4) the final version approved 
          by the state is ratified by the County Board of 
          Supervisors.  That process could be lengthy, delay 
          realignment implementation, and reduce associated cost 
          savings.  The Committee may wish to consider strategies to 
          fast-track one or more components of the process to prevent 
          delays.  An example of fast-track approval is the process 
          for reviewing Governor's Reorganization Proposals, which 
          prevents the Legislature from amending the proposal and 
          requires either house to oppose the proposal by majority 
          vote to prevent it from taking effect.  Alternatively, the 
          Committee could establish a timeframe within which 
          contracts must be finalized by the counties and the 
          Department of Finance.  

          5.   Equipping the LAO  .  Senate Bill 662 directs the 
          Legislative Analyst's Office to evaluate each contract 
          within 60 days of its receipt.  The Committee may wish to 
          consider amending SB 662 to enable the LAO to seek a time 
          extension, if needed, and direct the Department of Finance 
          and counties to provide information, data and materials to 
          the LAO, upon request, that may be essential to that 
          evaluation.  The Committee also may want to specify the 
          objectives the LAO should use to inform its evaluation, 
          beyond the goals specified in each contract.  

          6.   Aligning timeframes  .  The Governor's realignment 
          proposal is intended as a long-term, if not permanent, 
          shift in program responsibilities.  Senate Bill 662 
          authorizes 10 year contracts for the implementation of 
          realignment.  The Committee may wish to more closely align 





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          the timeframes envisioned under the Governor's proposal and 
          those in SB 662, by requiring a rolling ten year contract 
          that automatically is reauthorized each year unless either 
          the state or the county objects.  Additionally, the 
          Committee may wish to amend SB 662 to specify the 
          conditions under which contracts authorized by SB 662 could 
          be modified in response to changing fiscal, demographic or 
          related conditions, including changes in federal policy. 

          7.  Many details to be addressed  .  Senate Bill 662 
          establishes a framework for implementing the Governor's 
          realignment proposal.  But it is unclear how that strategy 
          would be implemented.  The Governor's realignment proposal 
          affects nearly a dozen state departments, multiple programs 
          that operate under federal restrictions, and involves 58 
          counties, each with numerous local partners involved in the 
          delivery of services.  It is unclear if each county would 
          enter into a single contract that covered all of the 
          programs that would be shifted to the counties, or a 
          separate contract for each program.  Implementing SB 662 
          will require considerable planning and consultation with 
          federal agencies, county leaders, community and client 
          organizations, service providers and others.  Many of the 
          details have yet to be worked out.


                         Support and Opposition  (4/28/11)

           Support  :  Unknown.

           Opposition  :  Unknown.