BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                            2011-2012 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       SB 745
          AUTHOR:        Hernandez
          AMENDED:       March 21, 2011
          FISCAL COMM:   No             HEARING DATE:  May 11, 2011
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Daniel Alvarez

           SUBJECT  :  School Districts of Choice (DOC): priorities for 
          attendance.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill establishes second tier priorities for attendance 
          in a district of choice to include: English learners, pupils 
          who are individuals with exceptional needs, as specified, and 
          pupils who are eligible for free and reduced-price meals.

           BACKGROUND  

           Current law  : 

          Authorizes districts to become DOCs and accept interdistrict 
          transfers.  A DOC is not required to admit pupils but it is 
          required to select those pupils that it does elect to admit 
          through a random process that does not choose pupils based 
          upon academic or athletic talent.  Either the district of 
          residence (DOR) or DOC may prevent a transfer under this law 
          if the transfer would exacerbate racial segregation.  
          (Education Code � 48300)

          Requires that if the number of transfer applications exceeds 
          the number of transfers under the DOC program, the governing 
          board must conduct a random drawing held in public at a 
          regularly scheduled meeting of the governing board.  (EC � 
          48301)

          Prohibits a DOC from rejecting a transfer of a pupil based 
          upon a determination that the additional cost of educating 
          the pupil would exceed the amount of additional state aid 
          received as a result of the transfer.  A school district may 
          reject the transfer of a pupil if the transfer of that pupil 
          would require the district to create a new program to serve 




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          that pupil, except that a DOC shall not reject the transfer 
          of a special needs pupil, including an individual with 
          exceptional needs and an English learner.  (EC � 48303)

          Requires a DOC to give priority for attendance to siblings of 
          children already in attendance in that district, and 
          authorizes a DOC to give priority for attendance to children 
          of military personnel.  (EC � 48306)

          Specifies that DORs that have a negative budget 
          certification, as determined by the county office of 
          education, may limit the number of pupils transferring out in 
          that fiscal year.  DORs may limit the number of pupils who 
          transfer out of the district if the county superintendent of 
          schools determines that the district will not meet the 
          standards and criteria for fiscal stability due to such 
          transfers, as specified; and, specifies that students who 
          have already been accepted to transfer to a DOC before a DOR 
          takes action to limit the number of transfers, shall be 
          permitted to attend the DOC, as specified.  (EC � 48307)

          Requires each DOC to keep records of various information on, 
          among other things, the number of requests granted, denied, 
          or withdrawn as well as the reasons for the denials. The DOC 
          program becomes inoperative on July 1, 2016, and repealed on 
          January 1, 2017.  (EC �48313)

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  establishes second tier priorities for attendance 
          in a district of choice.  Specifically, this bill:

          1)   Requires a district of choice to give priority for 
               attendance as follows:
           
                a)        First priority to siblings of pupils already 
                    in attendance in that district (current law).

               b)        Second priority to all of the following:

                    i)             English learners.
                    ii)            Pupils who are individuals with 
                         exceptional needs.
                    iii)           Pupils who are eligible for free and 
                         reduced price meals.





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          1)   Requires the school district to conduct a lottery in the 
               group priority order to select pupils at random if the 
               number of priority pupils who request to attend a 
               particular school exceeds the number of spaces available 
               at that school.

          2)   Requires a district of choice to comply with the 
               priority requirements before admitting other pupils who 
               request to transfer into the district.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, "SB 745 
               will guarantee the same priority for attendance to the 
               most vulnerable, socio-economically disadvantaged 
               students, and students with special needs.  It will 
               allow parents to secure for their children the best 
               public education available in a traditional public 
               school setting.  Expanding priority to this group of 
               pupils will also prevent districts of choice from cherry 
               picking students - enrolling top students while avoiding 
               those who score historically lower and cost more to 
               educate."  
                
          2)   Additional background  .  California law provides that a 
               student may attend a DOC without obtaining an 
               interdistrict transfer.  Unlike the main interdistrict 
               transfer law, the DOC law does not require an agreement 
               between the DOR and the receiving district in order for 
               the receiving DOC to admit interdistrict transfers.  
               Some educational advocates have credited the DOC program 
               with expanding parental choice by removing geographical 
               restrictions, thereby expanding educational 
               opportunities for children.  Others, however, maintain 
               that the DOC program limits educational opportunities 
               and choice for students, as some districts employ 
               selective processes and recruitment.  
                 
            3)   LAO evaluation  .  SB 680 (Romero, Ch. 198, 2009), among 
               other things, requires the Legislative Analyst's Office 
               (LAO) to submit a comprehensive evaluation of the 
               district of choice program, as specified, to the 
               Legislature and Governor by November 1, 2014.  

           4)   Prior legislation  .  





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                     AB 2370 (Hernandez, 2010) is very similar to this 
                    measure; however, it also included a requirement 
                    that pupils who transfer into the district be 
                    enrolled in a school with an Academic Performance 
                    Index score that is higher than the school in which 
                    the pupil was previously enrolled.  AB 2370 failed 
                    passage in this committee. 

                     SB 680 (Romero, Chapter 198, 2009) extended the 
                    district of choice program to July 1, 2016, 
                    repealed the prohibition on new districts electing 
                    to become districts of choice, and required the 
                    Legislative Analyst's Office to complete an 
                    evaluation of this program by November 1, 2014.

                     AB 1407 (Huffman, 2009) would have extended the 
                    district of choice program from July 1, 2009 until 
                    July 1, 2014, and would have required the 
                    California Department of Education to prepare and 
                    submit a census report to the Legislature that 
                    evaluates interdistrict transfer options within the 
                    state.  AB 1407 was held in the Assembly 
                    Appropriations Committee.
           
          SUPPORT  

          Alhambra Unified School District
          Azusa Unified School District
          Baldwin Park Unified School District
          Charter Oak Unified School District
          Disability Rights California
          Fillmore Unified School District
          Mountain View School District
          Pasadena Unified School District
          Rowland Unified School District
          Santa Clara County Office of Education
          Whittier City School District

           OPPOSITION

           None on file.