BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 754|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 754
          Author:   Padilla (D)
          Amended:  4/6/11
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 4/13/11
          AYES:  Lowenthal, Runner, Alquist, Hancock, Huff, Liu, 
            Price, Simitian, Vargas
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Blakeslee, Vacancy


           SUBJECT  :    California English Language Development Test

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill prohibits a student in grades 3-12 
          from being required to retake portions of the California 
          English Language Development Test for which the student has 
          previously tested Early Advanced or Advanced, effective 
          when the current test publisher's contract expires and to 
          the extent permitted by federal law.

           ANALYSIS  :    Both federal and state law require that each 
          school district with English language learners annually 
          assess these students' English language development until 
          they are redesignated as English proficient.  The 
          assessment, the California English Language Development 
          Test (CELDT), must be administered to all students whose 
          primary language is not English within 30 calendar days 
          after they are enrolled in a California public school for 
          the first time, and annually thereafter during a period of 
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          tie determined by the Superintendent of Public Instruction 
          and the State Board of Education (SBE) until they are 
          reclassified as fluent English proficient.  Districts are 
          required to inform parents of test results within 30 
          calendar days of receiving student results from the testing 
          contractor, or within two weeks of the child being enrolled 
          in a language instruction program after the beginning of 
          the school year.

          The CELDT serves three purposes.  It (1) identifies pupils 
          as limited English proficient, (2) determines the level of 
          English language proficiency of these students, and (3) 
          annually assesses the progress of these students in 
          acquiring the skills of listening, speaking, reading, and 
          writing in English.  Among other things, current law 
          requires that the test be aligned with the English Language 
          Development Standards and be age and developmentally 
          appropriate for students.

          This bill:

          1.Prohibits a student in grades 3-12 from being required to 
            retake portions of the CELDT for which he/she has tested 
            Early Advanced or Advanced, to the extent permitted by 
            federal law.

          2.Specifies that the prohibition applies within the 
            appropriate grade spans determined by the department, in 
            accordance with current law requirements that the test be 
            age and developmentally appropriate for students.

          3.Delays the effective date of these provisions until such 
            time as the current test publisher's contract expires.

           Comments

           English Learners (ELs) constitute approximately 24 percent 
          of the total enrollment in California public schools.  A 
          majority of ELs (68 percent) are enrolled in the elementary 
          grades, kindergarten through grade six, with 31percent 
          enrolled in the secondary grades, seven through 12.  
          Although EL data are collected for 55 language groups, 95 
          percent speak one of the top ten languages in the state, 
          which includes Spanish (84.8 percent), Vietnamese, Filipino 

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          (Filipino or Tagalog), Cantonese, Hmong, Korean, Mandarin, 
          Arabic, Punjabi, and American.  During 2009-10, the 
          California Department of Education (CDE) administered the 
          CELDT to 1.6 million students, 1.3 million of whom were 
          tested under the annual assessment window.

           How is the CELDT scored  ?  The CELDT, aligned to the 
          English-language development (ELD) standards adopted by the 
          SBE, assesses the four domains of listening, speaking, 
          reading, and writing in English.  Test results are reported 
          by five performance levels:  beginning, early intermediate, 
          intermediate, Early Advanced, and Advanced.  The overall 
          scale score is calculated by weighting the domain scale 
          scores 25 percent in each domain, for grades 3-12.  The 
          CELDT Criterion for English language proficiency is an 
          overall score of Early Advanced or higher and scores for 
          each domain (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) at 
          Intermediate or higher.

           Grade spans  ?  This bill establishes a prohibition against 
          retesting students on portions of the CELDT within the 
          appropriate "grade spans."  The CELDT blueprints, developed 
          by the CDE, outline the specific ELD standards tested and 
          the number of questions included within each domain on the 
          CELDT for each grade form kindergarten through grade 12.  
          These blueprints are grouped by the following grades spans, 
          K-1, grade 2, grades 3-5, grades 6-8, grades 9-12.  Under 
          the bill's provisions, an EL who has previously passed any 
          of the domains of the CELDT, yet has not met the overall 
          score necessary to be considered English language 
          proficient, would be prohibited from being retested on 
          those domains until reaching the next grade span.

           Continually improving the CELDT  .  In 2006, test developers 
          conducted a study for the CDE evaluating linkage and 
          realignment of the ELD standards and assessments.  Among 
          other things, it found that:

          1.ELD standards were generally of lower complexity than 
            content standards as ELD standards usually represented 
            linguistic skills while content standards represented 
            more academic language functions.

          2.Development of the CELDT items that reflect more academic 

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            language functions and higher levels of complexity would 
            improve overall alignment of the system, and increased 
            emphasis on academic language functions was necessary to 
            bring ELD standards and CELDT into better compliance with 
            federal requirements.

          3.The CELDT was somewhat aligned to ELD standards, but 
            items in listening and writing showed weaker alignment 
            than speaking and reading.

          4.State content standards reflect more academic language 
            functions and higher complexity when compared to the ELD 
            standards and the CELDT.

          5.Misalignment on complexity affects the interpretation of 
            the CELDT as a measure of proficiency for purposes of 
            reclassification or initial identification as fluent.  
            Students prematurely classified may not get the support 
            needed to succeed in school and beyond.

          6.While development of test items that reflected more 
            academic language functions/higher level complexity 
            improve overall alignment, classroom and formative 
            assessments may still be more suitable for assessing 
            academic language functions. 

          As a result of the study, the CELDT cut scores were changed 
          in 2006 and the test was rescaled to allow for the 
          comparison of a student's scale score on each domain across 
          future academic years.  According to the CDE, there is 
          continual development of test items to ensure the validity 
          and reliability of the CELDT at all grade spans.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/14/11)

          Alliance for a Better Community
          Association of California School Administrators
          Californians Together
          The Latin Business Association
          PTA
          Public Advocates

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          Youth Policy Institute


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office, 
          "Passing the CELDT is a critical first step for 
          reclassification as fluent English proficient.  
          Reclassification is vital for career and college readiness. 
           Currently, an English Learner who fails any section of the 
          CELDT is required to retake the entire exam, including 
          sections the student has previously passed.  Clearly, 
          California has an interest in eliminating unnecessary 
          barriers in the reclassification process.  Requiring 
          students to retake sections of the CELDT which they 
          previously passed is detrimental to reclassifying 
          students."  In addition, the author's office contends that 
          the bill will produce cost savings because it will no 
          longer require unnecessary testing.


          CPM:cm  4/14/11   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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