BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: sb 759
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  Lieu
                                                         VERSION: 3/22/11
          Analysis by:  Mark Stivers                     FISCAL:  no
          Hearing date:  April 12, 2011



          SUBJECT:

          Common interest developments: artificial turf

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill prohibits a common interest development from enforcing 
          any provision of its governing documents that prohibits or has 
          the effect of prohibiting the use of artificial turf or any 
          other synthetic surface that resembles grass.

          ANALYSIS:

          A common-interest development (CID) is a form of real estate 
          where each homeowner has an exclusive interest in a unit or lot 
          and a shared or undivided interest in common area property.  
          Condominiums, planned unit developments, stock cooperatives, 
          community apartments, and many resident-owned mobilehome parks 
          all fall under the umbrella of common interest developments.  
          CIDs are governed by a homeowner's association.  The 
          Davis-Stirling Common Interest Development Act provides the 
          legal framework under which common interest developments are 
          established and operate.  In addition to the requirements of the 
          act, each CID is governed according to the recorded 
          declarations, bylaws, and operating rules of the association, 
          collectively referred to as the governing documents.

          The Davis-Stirling Act provides that the covenants and 
          restrictions in the declaration are "enforceable equitable 
          servitudes, unless unreasonable."  In Nahrstedt v. Lakeside 
          Village (1994), the California Supreme Court interpreted this 
          provision to mean that CID governing documents "should be 
          enforced unless they are wholly arbitrary, violate a fundamental 
          public policy, or impose a burden on the use of affected land 
          that far outweighs any benefit."  

          The Davis-Stirling Act also provides that a provision of the 
          governing documents is void and unenforceable if it prohibits or 




          SB 759 (LIEU)                                          Page 2

                                                                       


          has the effect of prohibiting 1) the use of low water-using 
          plants as a group, 2) compliance with a local government's 
          water-efficient landscape ordinance, or      3) compliance with 
          a local government's regulation or restriction on the use of 
          water.  A CID may enforce landscaping rules contained in its 
          governing documents to the extent that they fully conform with 
          these requirements.

           This bill  further prohibits a CID from enforcing any provision 
          of its governing documents that prohibits or has the effect of 
          prohibiting the use of artificial turf or any other synthetic 
          surface that resembles grass.  A CID may enforce landscaping 
          rules contained in its governing documents that establish design 
          standards and quality standards for the installation of such 
          surfaces to the extent that they fully comply with this 
          requirement.
          
          COMMENTS:

          1.Purpose of the bill  .  According to the sponsor, the San Diego 
            County Water Authority, landscape irrigation makes up 70% of 
            the average household water use.  In the San Diego region, 
            grass lawns alone use up to 46 gallons of water per square 
            foot per year.  The use of artificial turf in landscaping is 
            one method of reducing water consumption while still allowing 
            property owners to incorporate expanses of green into their 
            landscaping.

            In 2009, the legislature enacted SBX7 7 (Steinberg), Chapter 4 
            of the Seventh Extraordinary Session, requiring that 
            California reduce water consumption by 20% per capita by the 
            year 2020.  According to the author, water suppliers are 
            committed to meet this target.  The purpose of this bill is to 
            expand the available means of conserving water by removing 
            impediments to the use of artificial turf and landscaping in 
            CIDs.

           2.Building on current law  .  Current law voids CID landscaping 
            rules that prohibit the use of low water-using plants as a 
            group or compliance with a local government's water-efficient 
            landscape ordinance.  Because artificial turf is not a plant 
            per se and local ordinances do not specifically require 
            artificial turf, the law does not protect a homeowner's use of 
            artificial turf.  This bill expands the protections of current 
            law that encourage water-efficient landscaping.  





          SB 759 (LIEU)                                          Page 3

                                                                       


           3.Arguments in opposition  .  Opponents support the use of 
            water-efficient plants in CIDs but believe this bill goes too 
            far by prohibiting restrictions on the use of artificial turf. 
             The bill does not take into account the desires and aesthetic 
            preferences of the community.  Opponents believe that these 
            decisions are better left to a development's board of 
            directors or even to a vote of the membership itself.  

           4.Previous legislation  .  Last year, the Legislature sent to the 
            Governor an identical bill,         AB 1793 (Salda�a).  
            Governor Schwarzenegger vetoed that bill stating, "Decisions 
            such as these regarding the use of artificial turf can be made 
            by the homeowners and amended into their governing documents."
          
          RELATED LEGISLATION

          SB 209 (Corbett) provides that a prohibition or restriction on 
          the installation or use of an electrical vehicle charging 
          station in any of the governing documents of a common interest 
          development is void and unenforceable.  On the Senate Floor.
          
          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the Committee before noon on 
          Wednesday, 
                     April 6, 2011)

               SUPPORT:  San Diego County Water Authority (sponsor)
          
               OPPOSED:       None received.