BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                                                                  SB 806
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          Date of Hearing:  August 22, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON VETERANS AFFAIRS
                                 Paul J. Cook, Chair
                    SB 806 (Correa) - As Amended:  August 15, 2011

           SENATE VOTE  :   37-0
           
          SUBJECT  :  State employees: military leave: salary overpayment

           SUMMARY  :   This bill extends the statute of limitations for 
          salary overpayments to state employees on leave for duty with 
          the National Guard.  Specifically:

             1.   If the state determines that an overpayment of 
               compensation has been made to a state employee on a leave 
               of absence for active military duty as a member of the 
               California National Guard, then
             2.   Administrative action to recover salary overpayment must 
               be initiated within 6 years from the date of overpayment, 
               notwithstanding existing law.

           EXISTING LAW:  Gov. Code section 19775.2 provides that a state 
          employee who is granted a military leave of absence for active 
          duty, whose continuous state service is not broken by a 
          permanent separation, shall be entitled to receive his or her 
          salary for a period not to exceed thirty calendar days in any 
          one fiscal year.

          Gov. Code section 19838 allows for the state to recover 
          overpayment of funds to personnel as long as the proceedings are 
          initiated within three years from the date of the overpayment.

          Code of Civil Procedure section 312 states that, "Civil actions, 
          without exception, can only be commenced within the periods 
          prescribed in this title, after the cause of action shall have 
          accrued, unless where, in special cases, a different limitation 
          is prescribed by statute."

          Code of Civil Procedure section 338 provides a three year 
          statute of limitations for civil actions based on fraud or 
          mistake. The cause of action in that case is not deemed to have 
          accrued until the discovery, by the aggrieved party, of the 
          facts constituting the fraud or mistake.










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          Code of Civil Procedure section 343 provides that a civil action 
          for relief not otherwise provided for must be commenced within 
          four years after the cause of action accrues.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown at this time.

           COMMENTS  :   

          GENESIS OF MEASURE: This measure is in response to a series of 
          articles in the Sacramento Bee and other media alleging salary 
          overpayment to California National Guard ("Guard") members, in 
          particular former top officials at the Guard.  According to the 
          Guard, two top former officers have been notified of 
          overpayments one of approximately $35,000 and one of 
          approximately $85,000.  Both officers have disputed the 
          overpayment, though one has paid the alleged overpayment amount, 
          pending resolution of the matter.  According to the Guard it is 
          broadly auditing its pay records and some small additional 
          overpayments have been discovered, but thus far nothing of the 
          size previously found with the two top former officials.  

          MEASURE DOES NOT ADDRESS STUDENT LOAN REPAYMENT PROGRAM 
          ALLEGATIONS:  It is important to note that this bill will not 
          address alleged overpayments or fraud in connection with Student 
          Loan Repayment Program funds, overpayments which have also been 
          the subject of media reports.  Those funds were not paid as 
          salary; moreover, they were purely federal funds, they were not 
          overpayments made by the state.

          EXTENDING THE STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS: EQUITIES

          There is in most cases equity in, at some point in the passing 
          of time, disallowing claims.  "Statutes of limitation are passed 
          to prevent the production of stale claims when, from the lapse 
          of time, it has become difficult or impossible to furnish the 
          requisite proof to defeat them."<1>  However, there are some 
          claims for which there is no statute of limitations, for 
          example, the crime of murder, because we as a society agree that 
          it is never too late for the court system to take up such 
          claims.

          The measure presents a balancing of equities question for the 
          members: How long after the date of overpayment is it fair to 
          attempt to recover funds from employees?  The measure proposes 



          ---------------------------
          <1> CA Code of Civil Procedure Section 312, Note 4.








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          to move that date back three years, from three to six years post 
          overpayment.  If funds were paid to an employee to which the 
          employee was not entitled, it might be argued that there should 
          be no time limit at all on when the recovery might occur, after 
          all, the funds should never have gone to the employee in the 
          first place.  Particularly in cases of large overpayments, one 
          could argue that the employee should've known he or she was 
          being over paid.

          However, considering the opposing equities and not including 
          cases of fraud, it may be very difficult for employees, 
          particularly enlisted members at more junior ranks, to confirm 
          or refute a notice of overpayment after six years.  Six years is 
          a long time to keep records for many people.  Servicemembers are 
          likely to have gone through multiple deployments during that 
          time. Moreover, after such a long time it may be extremely 
          difficult for rank and file Guard members to repay even a modest 
          amount overpaid paid to them.
           
          Government Code section 19838 as written balances these equities 
          at three years.  This time period is also aligned with the 
          three-year Code of Civil Procedure statute of limitations for 
          fraud or mistake.  In addition, the more general "catch all" 
          limitations period in Code of Civil Procedure section 343 is 
          four years.  If the bill passes as drafted, there will be a six 
          year statute of limitations only for state employees overpaid 
          for leaves of absence for duty with the Guard.  All other state 
          employees will be subject to the general three-year rule.  Is 
          the equitable balance so different for members of the Guard that 
          they should be subjected to a statute of limitations double that 
          of other state employees?

          Finally, the bill treats Guard members differently than members 
          of other military services.  Inconsistently, members of military 
          services other than the Guard who take a leave of absence and 
          are overpaid are still subject to the three year statute.


          ACCRUAL OF THE STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS:
          
          If parallel interpretations would be made from the civil to the 
          administrative arena, the civil statute of limitations for fraud 
          or mistake, as set forth above, may be found in Code of Civil 
          Procedure section 338.  It provides a three year statute of 
          limitations for civil actions based on fraud or mistake.  The 









                                                                  SB 806
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          statue is interpreted to begin to run only after alleged fraud 
          or mistake has been discovered or in the exercise of reasonable 
          diligence should have been discovered.  Thus in this case, if 
          the facts regarding overpayments were not known or within the 
          scope of reasonable diligence, the cause of action did not begin 
          to run and an extension of the statute of limitations might not 
          be necessary.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          None
           
            Opposition 
           
          None.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    John Spangler / V. A. / (916) 319-3550