BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                             SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                             Senator Noreen Evans, Chair
                              2011-2012 Regular Session


          SB 837 (Blakeslee)
          As Introduced
          Hearing Date: April 5, 2011
          Fiscal: No
          Urgency: No
          BCP:rm
                    

                                        SUBJECT
                                           
                       Residential Real Property: Disclosures

                                      DESCRIPTION  

          Existing law requires specified single-family residences to be 
          equipped with water-conserving plumbing features on or before 
          January 1, 2017, and requires the owners of those residences to 
          replace noncompliant fixtures as part of an alteration or 
          improvement, as specified, that occurs on or after January 1, 
          2014.

          This bill would inform prospective purchasers of residential 
          property of the above requirements by requiring disclosure of 
          "water-conserving plumbing fixtures" in the statutorily required 
          transfer disclosure statement. 

                                      BACKGROUND  

          SB 407 (Padilla, Chapter 587, Statutes of 2009) established 
          requirements for the replacement of non-water conserving 
          plumbing fixtures in specified properties built on or before 
          January 1, 1994.  For single-family residential properties, SB 
          407 imposed a requirement that noncompliant fixtures be replaced 
          with water conserving fixtures on or before January 1, 2017.  On 
          or after that date, sellers of those properties must disclose 
          both the requirement to replace noncompliant fixtures and 
          whether the property includes any noncompliant fixtures.

          In order to provide buyers of residential real property with 
          pertinent information about a subject property, existing law 
          requires sellers to disclosure various details about the 
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          property on a transfer disclosure statement (TDS).  This bill 
          would facilitate notification of the above requirements by 
          amending the TDS to also include disclosure about whether the 
          residence has any "water-conserving plumbing fixtures."  A 
          similar provision was included in SB 407, but was removed in the 
          final set of Assembly Floor amendments. 

                                CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           Existing law  requires the transferor of real property, 
          consisting of one to four dwelling units, to provide a statutory 
          transfer disclosure statement as soon as practicable before 
          transfer of title.  (Civ. Code Sec. 1102.3(a).)  In the case of 
          a sale or lease with an option to purchase, transferors of a 
          manufactured or mobilehome must provide the TDS as soon as 
          practicable before the close of escrow. (Civ. Code Sec. 
          1102.3a.)

           Existing law  codifies the form and content of the TDS, which 
          includes numerous disclosures, including whether the seller is 
          aware of any significant defects/malfunctions in specified 
          components of the home. (Civ. Code Sec. 1102.6.)

           Existing law  requires noncompliant plumbing fixtures in any 
          single-family residential real property to be replaced by the 
          property owner with water-conserving plumbing fixtures on or 
          before January 1, 2017.  On and after January 1, 2017, a seller 
          or transferor of single-family residential real property shall 
          disclose those requirements, in writing, to the prospective 
          purchaser or transferee, and whether the real property includes 
          any noncompliant plumbing fixtures. (Civ. Code Sec. 1101.4.) 
          Existing law provides that, on or after January 1, 2014, for all 
          building alterations or improvements to single-family 
          residential real property, an applicant for a permit shall 
          replace all noncompliant plumbing fixtures with water-conserving 
          plumbing fixtures.  (Civ. Code Sec. 1101.4(a).)

           Existing law  limits the application of the above provisions 
          relating to water-conserving plumbing fixtures to residential 
          and commercial real property built and available for use on or 
          before January 1, 1994.  (Civ. Code Sec. 1101.2.)

           Existing law  defines noncompliant plumbing fixtures as any of 
          the following:
                 Any toilet manufactured to use more than 1.6 gallons of 
               water per flush;
                                                                      



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                 Any urinal manufactured to use more than one gallon of 
               water per flush;
                 Any showerhead manufactured to have a flow capacity of 
               more than 2.5 gallons of water per minute; or 
                 Any interior faucet that emits more than 2.2 gallons of 
               water per minute.  
             (Civ. Code Sec. 1101.3(c).)

           Existing law  defines "water-conserving plumbing fixture" as any 
          fixture that is in compliance with current building standards 
          applicable to a newly constructed real property of the same 
          type.  (Civ. Code Sec. 1101.3(e).)

           This bill  would add disclosure of "water-conserving plumbing 
          features" to the TDS and add a statement to the TDS that: 
          "Section 1101.4 of the Civil Code requires all California 
          residences to be equipped with water-conserving plumbing 
          fixtures after January 1, 2017.  Additionally, on and after 
          January 1, 2014, a California residence that is altered or 
          improved will be required to be equipped with water-conserving 
          plumbing fixtures as a condition of final approval.  Fixtures in 
          this dwelling may not comply with Section 1101.4 of the Civil 
          Code."
                                        COMMENT
           
          1.   Stated need for the bill  

          According to the author, SB 837 would add language that is 
          necessary to implement SB 407 to the transfer disclosure 
          statement.  The author states that:

            SB 407 (Padilla) originally contained this bill language but 
            when there was difficulty reconciling this language with 
            other pending amendments to the Transfer Disclosure 
            Statement, this language was dropped to accommodate the 
            addition of a disclosure for carbon monoxide detectors.

          2.   SB 407 disclosures and the TDS  

          As noted above, SB 407 required owners of single-family 
          residential homes to replace noncompliant plumbing fixtures with 
          water-conserving fixtures by January 1, 2017, and required 
          noncompliant fixtures to be replaced as part of an alteration or 
          improvement occurring after January 1, 2014. Those requirements 
          apply to homes built on or before January 1, 1994 due, in part, 
          to national standards for water-saving plumbing that apply to 
                                                                      



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          homes built after that date. To inform prospective buyers of an 
          owner's compliance with SB 407's requirements, that bill 
          required the seller or transferor of a single-family residential 
          property to disclose that the owner is required to replace 
          noncompliant plumbing fixtures, and to state whether the 
          property contains any noncompliant fixtures. That disclosure 
          will be required of all sellers as of January 1, 2017.

          This bill would further inform potential purchasers about the 
          requirements of SB 407 by modifying the statutory transfer 
          disclosure statement to also include: (1) disclosure of whether 
          the property contains water-conserving plumbing features; and 
          (2) a statement that "all California residences" must be 
          equipped with water-conserving plumbing features after January 
          1, 2017, that residences altered after January 1, 2014 must be 
          equipped with those fixtures as a condition of final approval, 
          and, that the fixtures in the dwelling may not comply with those 
          requirements.  Although the changes to the TDS would take effect 
          before the requirements of SB 407 apply, they could provide 
          valuable information for prospective purchasers about future 
          upgrades that may need to be done to their home. While this bill 
          requires information about water-conserving plumbing fixtures to 
          be included in the TDS even when the property is not subject to 
          SB 407's requirements (for example, built after January 1, 
          1994), the information provided about the water-conserving 
          plumbing features within the home could still be helpful to a 
          water conscious purchaser.

          Staff notes that adding disclosure to the TDS was contemplated 
          when this Committee approved SB 407; the analysis specifically 
          stated: "Instead of requiring a separate disclosure (the 
          certification) for residential property with one to four units, 
          the author has agreed to work with Committee staff to 
          incorporate that disclosure into the TDS."  Although SB 407 
          incorporated a disclosure into the TDS, that provision was 
          stricken by Assembly Floor amendments after difficulties arose 
          in reconciling the change proposed by SB 407 and a proposed 
          change to the TDS by another bill. 

          3.   Scope of disclosure broader than requirements of SB 407
           
          Although the proposed disclosure would inform potential buyers 
          of the requirements of SB 407, including whether their 
          prospective home already contains water-conserving plumbing 
          fixtures, the proposed TDS disclosure language (referring to 
          "all California residences") is broader than the scope of SB 
                                                                      



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          407.  There are two components to the difference in scope: (1) 
          type of property (single vs. multi-family); and (2) year the 
          home was built.  Both of those discrepancies can be addressed 
          through the clarifying amendment suggested in Comment 3(b).

            a.   Type of property  

            SB 407 imposed different requirements on single-family 
            residential real property and multifamily real property:  
            Owners of single-family real property (defined as not more 
            than one unit) must replace noncompliant plumbing fixtures by 
            January 1, 2017, and, on or after January 1, 2014 any 
            alterations or improvements must include replacement of 
            noncompliant fixtures, as specified. On the other hand, owners 
            of multifamily properties (more than one unit) must replace 
            all noncompliant plumbing fixtures by January 1, 2019.

            While the TDS disclosure language added by this bill could 
            accurately inform some potential purchasers of the 
            requirements of SB 407 as it relates to single-family homes 
            (see Comment 2(b)), the TDS itself must be provided to 
            purchasers of residential real property with one to four 
            units.  Since the requirements under SB 407 are different for 
            a property with one unit (single-family), and four units 
            (multi-family), the proposed TDS disclosure, which only notes 
            the January 1, 2014 and January 1, 2017 requirements for 
            single family properties, could mislead purchasers of 
            multifamily properties who receive a TDS. 

            The root of the problem is that the TDS is given to a broader 
            range of properties than SB 407's definition of "single-family 
            residential property."  Given the two divergent definitions, 
            the simplest way to provide disclosure without modifying the 
            scope of those statutes, or creating a separate TDS for single 
            family residential properties, is to clarify the proposed 
            disclosure language to ensure that the potential buyer is not 
            mislead.  (See suggested clarifying amendment in Comment 
            3(b).)

            b.   Year property was built  

            Similar to the above issue regarding the definition of 
            single-family residential property, the scope of SB 407 was 
            also limited to residential and commercial real property built 
            and available for use on or before January 1, 1994.  (Civ. 
            Code Sec. 1101.2.)  As the proposed TDS language would not 
                                                                      



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            inform potential purchasers about the January 1, 1994 cutoff 
            date, it could confuse sellers and purchasers as to the actual 
            requirements of California law.

            To address the above issues, the following language is 
            suggested to clarify the proposed TDS disclosure:

             Suggested clarifying amendment:

             On the bottom of page 3, strike out "Section 1101.4 of the 
            Civil Code requires all California residences to be equipped 
            with water-conserving plumbing fixtures after January 1, 2017. 
             Additionally, on and after January 1, 2014, a California 
            residence that is altered or improved will be required to be 
            equipped with water-conserving plumbing fixtures as a 
            condition of final approval." and insert:

               Section 1101.4 of the Civil Code requires a single-family 
               residence built on or before January 1, 1994 to be 
               equipped with water-conserving plumbing fixtures as of 
               January 1, 2017.  Additionally, on and after January 1, 
               2014, a single-family residence, built on or before 
               January 1, 1994, that is altered or improved is required 
               to be equipped with water-conserving plumbing fixtures as 
               a condition of final approval.
             
          Support  :  None Known

           Opposition  :  None Known

                                        HISTORY
           
           Source  :  California Association of Realtors

           Related Pending Legislation :  None Known

           Prior Legislation  :  SB 407, see Background.

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