BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   June 12, 2012

              ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND CONSUMER 
                                     PROTECTION
                                 Mary Hayashi, Chair
                      SB 875 (Price) - As Amended:  June 6, 2012

           SENATE VOTE  :   37-0
           
          SUBJECT  :   Real estate licensees.

           SUMMARY  :   Allows the Department of Real Estate Commissioner 
          (Commissioner ) to bar individuals from licensure and licensure 
          examinations for specified violations, and makes other changes 
          to Real Estate Law.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Allows the Commissioner to bar from participation in an 
            examination for licensure a real estate salesperson or real 
            estate broker, or specified unlicensed persons, if the 
            Commissioner finds either of the following:

             a)   That the suspension or bar is in the public interest and 
               that the person has committed or caused a violation of 
               California Real Estate Law or rule or order of the 
               Commissioner, which violation was either known or should 
               have been known by the person committing or causing it or 
               has caused material damage to the public; or,

             b)   That the person has been convicted of or pleaded nolo 
               contendere to any crime, or has been held liable in any 
               civil action by final judgment, or any administrative 
               judgment by any public agency, if that crime or civil or 
               administrative judgment involved any offense involving 
               dishonesty, fraud, or deceit, or any other offense 
               reasonably related to the qualifications, functions, or 
               duties of a person engaged in the real estate business in 
               accordance with the provisions of this division.

          2)Provides that persons suspended or barred from a position of 
            employment, management, or control under existing law are also 
            barred from participating in examinations for licensure.

          3)Requires the Department of Real Estate (DRE), upon denial of 
            an application for a license or a license endorsement, to 
            proceed under statutes governing the denial, suspension and 








                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  2

            revocation of licenses issued by the boards and bureaus within 
            the Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA), which require a 
            statement of issues or a notification of denial, as specified.

          4)Requires the Commissioner to require a person who submits a 
            petition for reinstatement of a license or reduction of a 
            penalty to submit his or her fingerprints with the petition.

          5)Provides that no person shall cheat on, subvert, or attempt to 
            subvert a licensing examination given by the DRE.  Cheating 
            on, subverting, or attempting to subvert a licensing 
            examination includes, but is not limited to, engaging in, 
            soliciting, or procuring any of the following:

             a)   Any communication between one or more examinees and any 
               person, other than a proctor or examination official, while 
               the examination is in progress;

             b)   Copying answers from another examinee or permitting 
               one's answers to be copied by another examinee;

             c)   The taking of all or a part of the examination by a 
               person other than the applicant;

             d)   Removing from the examination room any examination 
               materials without authorization;

             e)   The unauthorized reproduction by any means of any 
               portion of the actual licensing examination;

             f)   Aiding by any means the unauthorized reproduction of any 
               portion of the actual licensing examination;

             g)   Possession or use at any time during the examination or 
               while the examinee is on the examination premises of any 
               device, material, or document that is not expressly 
               authorized for use by examinees during the examination, 
               including, but not limited to, notes, crib sheets, 
               textbooks, and electronic devices;

             h)   Failure to follow any examination instruction or rule 
               related to examination security; or,

             i)   Providing false, fraudulent, or materially misleading 
               information concerning education, experience, or other 








                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  3

               qualifications as part of, or in support of, any 
               application for admission to an examination.

          6)Allows the Commissioner to bar any candidate who willfully 
            cheats on, subverts, or attempts to subvert an examination 
            from taking any license examination and from holding an active 
            real estate license under any provision of the Business and 
            Professions code for a period of up to three years.

          7)Repeals provisions relating to conditional licenses (which the 
            DRE no longer issues).

          8)Clarifies grounds for disciplinary action against a licensee 
            for acting as a dual agent without the knowledge and written 
            consent of all parties.

          9)Clarifies that an applicant for a Mortgage Loan Originator 
            (MLO) endorsement may fail the examination only three 
            consecutive times before having to wait six months before 
            re-taking the exam.

          10)Allows licensees with an MLO endorsement who are called to 
            active military duty to extend the timeframe in which they 
            must complete continuing education (CE) requirements.

          11)Makes conforming and technical changes.

           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Provides for the licensure and regulation of real estate 
            brokers and real estate salespersons by the DRE, and requires 
            licensees to pass a written examination prior to licensure.

          2)Authorizes the Commissioner, after appropriate notice and 
            opportunity for a hearing, by order, to suspend, or bar from 
            any position of employment, management, or control, for a 
            period not exceeding 36 months, a real estate salesperson or 
            real estate broker, or specified unlicensed persons, if the 
            Commissioner finds either of the following:

             a)   That the suspension or bar is in the public interest and 
               that the person has committed or caused a violation of this 
               division or rule or order of the commissioner, which 
               violation was either known or should have been known by the 
               person committing or causing it or has caused material 








                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  4

               damage to the public; or,

             b)   That the person has been convicted of or pleaded nolo 
               contendere to any crime, or has been held liable in any 
               civil action by final judgment, or any administrative 
               judgment by any public agency, if that crime or civil or 
               administrative judgment involved any offense involving 
               dishonesty, fraud, or deceit, or any other offense 
               reasonably related to the qualifications, functions, or 
               duties of a person engaged in the real estate business in 
               accordance with the provisions of this division.

          3)Requires the DRE to follow administrative adjudication 
            provisions under the Administrative Procedure Act, including 
            the filing of a statement of issues, before denying any 
            license or license endorsement.

          4)Authorizes the Commissioner to require any proof he or she may 
            deem advisable concerning the honesty and truthfulness of an 
            applicant for a real estate license or license examination 
            before authorizing the issuance of a real estate license.

          5)Authorizes a person whose license has been revoked or 
            suspended to petition the DRE for reinstatement of the license 
            or reduction of a penalty, as specified.

          6)Requires the Commissioner to require every original applicant 
            to be fingerprinted prior to issuing a license.

          7)Includes provisions relating to conditional licenses.

          8)Provides grounds for disciplinary action against a licensee 
            for acting as a dual agent without the knowledge and consent 
            of all parties.

          9)Provides that an applicant for a MLO endorsement may retake a 
            required test up to three consecutive times before having to 
            wait six months before taking the test again.

          10)Allows licensees who are called to active military duty to 
            extend the timeframe in which they must complete CE 
            requirements.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown









                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  5

           COMMENTS  :   

           Purpose of this bill  .  According to the author, "The requirement 
          to issue a formal statement of issues each and every time the 
          DRE denies a license increases the department's enforcement 
          costs and delays the overall licensing processes.  This bill 
          would authorize the DRE to issue a written notice of denial to 
          an applicant who does not meet the criteria for a real estate 
          license.  A general provision of the Business and Professions 
          Code authorizes all of the regulatory boards and bureaus within 
          DCA to deny a license to an applicant by issuing a notice of 
          denial.  The notice of denial must meet certain criteria, 
          including providing for the applicant to request a hearing on 
          the denial before the Office of Administrative Hearings.  This 
          bill would grant the DRE that same authority.

          "Existing law requires real estate license applicants to be 
          fingerprinted, which allows the DRE to check state and federal 
          criminal databases for arrests and convictions associated with 
          the applicant.   Once licensed, subsequent arrests notices of a 
          licensee are sent to the DRE by the California Department of 
          Justice.  These subsequent arrest notices only include 
          information from California law enforcement/courts as the 
          federal fingerprint system lacks the capability to notice 
          agencies of subsequent arrests of a person in the federal 
          fingerprint database.

          "Requiring the re-fingerprinting of a petitioner will give the 
          DRE a complete history/picture of a petitioner's arrest history 
          it does not now have.  The federal arrest/conviction information 
          is important in determining whether to grant an applicant's 
          request for license reinstatement or to have restrictions 
          removed.

          "Various provisions of existing law allow various licensing 
          agencies/law enforcement agencies to take action against a 
          person caught subverting a licensing exam.  There is no such 
          comparable provision contained (in) the Real Estate Law that 
          expressly allows the DRE to keep a person who has subverted a 
          real estate exam from taking the exam again and getting 
          licensed.  This measure would allow the DRE to keep a cheater 
          from taking the real estate exam for up to three years. 

          "The DRE no longer issues conditional licenses; therefore, 
          (current law referring to conditional licenses) is obsolete.








                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  6


          "Separate provisions in Business and Professions Code and Civil 
          Code require real estate licensees to provide written 
          disclosures to the principals when the licensee is acting as a 
          dual agent in a transaction.  However, the grounds for 
          disciplinary action against a licensee for acting as (a) dual 
          agent is acting 'without the knowledge or consent' of all the 
          parties.  This (bill) would clarify that a licensee can be 
          disciplined for acting as a dual agent 'without the knowledge 
          and  written  consent' of all parties, which will make the grounds 
          for disciplinary action coincide with the disclosure 
          requirements.

          "Federal law allows an applicant for an MLO endorsement to fail 
          the exam three times before having to wait six months to take 
          the MLO exam again.   California's Real Estate Law implies that 
          an applicant can fail the MLO exam four consecutive times before 
          having to wait six months to take the exam again.  This (bill) 
          would clarify existing law (and ensure conformity with federal 
          law) by clarifying that an MLO applicant who fails the exam 
          three consecutive times must wait six months before taking the 
          exam again.

          "Existing law allows real estate licensees called to active 
          military duty to extend the statutory timeframe to complete the 
          required CE requirements to renew his or her license.  This 
          (bill) would extend this accommodation to licensees who also 
          have MLO endorsements."

           Background  .  DRE licenses and regulates approximately 426,000 
          real estate professionals in California, including salespersons 
          and brokers, including those with MLO endorsements.  The 
          Commissioner serves as the chief executive of the DRE and is 
          mandated to enforce the Real Estate Law in a manner that 
          achieves the maximum protection for the purchasers of real 
          property and those persons dealing with real estate licensees.

           Related legislation  .

          AB 278 (Hill) of 2011 authorizes the Commissioner to issue 
          citations, including an order to correct the violation or an 
          administrative penalty of up to $2,500, to unlicensed persons 
          believed to be engaging in activities for which a real estate 
          license is required, or to licensees who are in violation of any 
          provision of the Real Estate Law or any rule or order 








                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  7

          thereunder.  This bill is pending in Conference Committee.

          AB 1718 (Hill) of 2012 deletes the Commissioner's authority to 
          grant an original real estate broker's license to an applicant 
          that has graduated from a four-year college or university course 
          that included specialization in real estate in lieu of two years 
          of general real estate experience, and instead authorizes the 
          Commissioner to treat a degree from a four-year college or 
          university, which course of study included a major or minor in 
          real estate, as the equivalent of two years' general real estate 
          experience.  This bill is pending in Senate Business, 
          Professions and Economic Development Committee.

           Previous legislation  .

          SB 53 (Ron Calderon and Vargas), Chapter 717, Statutes of 2011, 
          makes several changes to Real Estate Law to give DRE more 
          enforcement tools to take action against mortgage fraud and 
          other real estate violations, add safeguards to protect 
          consumers who seek services from real estate licensees, and make 
          technical changes to portions of the Real Estate Law.

          SB 706 (Price), Chapter 712, Statutes of 2011, makes numerous 
          enforcement enhancements to the DRE and the Office of Real 
          Estate Appraisers, requires specified licensing boards to post 
          information about licensees on the Internet, and makes updating 
          and conforming changes.  

          SB 1737 (Machado) Chapter 286, Statutes of 2008, allows DRE to 
          ban from real estate-related employment for up to three years 
          anyone found guilty of violating the Real Estate Law or any 
          crime related to the qualification or duties of a licensee.  The 
          bill allows DRE to suspend or revoke a license if the licensee 
          provides an inaccurate opinion of value for a short sale for 
          specified purposes, and requires notice to all parties in a real 
          estate transaction when the same person arranges financing and 
          acts as the buyer's agent, seller's agent, or both.

          SB 1054 (Machado) of 2008 contains provisions identical to SB 
          1737 (Machado).  This bill was held in Assembly Banking and 
          Finance Committee.

          AB 1830 (Lieu, Bass, Nava and Wolk) of 2008 authorizes the 
          Commissioners of DRE, the Department of Financial Institutions, 
          and the Department of Corporations to suspend or revoke licenses 








                                                                  SB 875
                                                                  Page  8

          for violations of specified federal lending laws or regulations, 
          and defines the term "higher-priced mortgage loan," as 
          specified.  This bill was vetoed.

          AB 840 (Emmerson) Chapter 140, Statutes of 2007, authorizes the 
          Commissioner to suspend or revoke the license of a real estate 
          licensee or a mineral, oil and gas licensee, or deny issuance of 
          the license to an applicant, if the applicant or licensee has 
          been found guilty of a felony or a crime substantially related 
          to the qualification, functions, or duties of the real estate 
          license or the mineral, oil and gas license.

          AB 2429 (Negrete McLeod) Chapter 278, Statutes of 2006, repeals 
          the authority for the DRE to issue conditional licenses.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          None on file.
           
            Opposition 
           
          None on file.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Angela Mapp / B.,P. & C.P. / (916) 
          319-3301