BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






          SENATE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT & RETIREMENT    BILL NO:  SB 903
          Gloria Negrete McLeod, Chair   Hearing date:  May 2, 2011
          SB 903 (Anderson)     as introduced  2/18/11 FISCAL:  YES

           CALPERS AND CALSTRS:  DIVESTMENT FROM IRAN - DETERMINATION OF 
          BREACH OF FIDUCIARY DUTY AND REQUIREMENTS OF PUBLIC NOTICE 
          AND HEARING
           

           HISTORY  :

              Sponsor:  Author

              Prior legislation:  AB 221 (Anderson)
                          Chapter 671, Statutes of 2007
                        SB 861 (Corbett), 2011
                         Currently in Senate Appropriations Committee
                        AB 1151 (Feuer), 2011
                         Currently in Assembly PER&SS Committee

           
          SUMMARY  : 

          With regard to the California Public Employees' Retirement 
          System (CalPERS) and the California State Teachers' 
          Retirement System (CalSTRS):

           This bill  would require that any decision not to divest from 
          a company as specified under the California Public Divest 
          from Iran Act because doing so would be a breach of fiduciary 
          duty, must be made in a public hearing of the full board 
          after proper public notice and an opportunity for public 
          comment.


           BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS  : 
          
           1)Existing law  :

             a)   pursuant to the state Constitution, as amended by 
               Proposition 162 (The California Pension Protection Act 
               of 1992), provides that the boards of California's 
               public retirement systems have "?plenary authority and 
               fiduciary responsibility for investment of monies and 
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               administration of the system."

             b)   pursuant to the state Constitution, as amended by 
               Proposition 162 added Constitutional language providing 
               that the Legislature also retained its authority, by 
               statute "?to prohibit certain investments by a 
               retirement board where it is in the public interest to 
               do so, and provided that the prohibition satisfies the 
               standards of fiduciary care and loyalty required of a 
               retirement board pursuant to this section."

             c)   pursuant to the state Constitution, provides that 
               "the members of the retirement board of a public pension 
               or retirement system shall discharge their duties with 
               respect to the system solely in the interest of, and for 
               the exclusive purposes of providing benefits to, 
               participants and their beneficiaries, minimizing 
               employer contributions thereto, and defraying reasonable 
               expenses of administering the system;"

             d)   known as the Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act provides 
               that nothing in the Act shall be construed to prevent a 
               state body that invests retirement, pension, or
               endowment funds from holding closed sessions when 
               considering investment decisions;

             e)   establishes the California Public Divest from Iran 
               Act (Chapter 671, 2007) which prohibits the boards of 
               the CalPERS and CalSTRS from investing public employee 
               retirement funds in companies with business operations 
               in the defense or nuclear sector of Iran, or that are 
               involved in the development of Iranian petroleum or 
               natural gas resources and are subject to specified 
               federal sanctions;

             f)   requires the CalPERS and CalSTRS boards to sell or 
               transfer any assets in a company with business 
               operations in Iran until the federal government removes 
               Iran from its list of countries determined to provide 
               support for acts of terrorism, and the President 
               determines and certifies that Iran has ceased specified 
               efforts regarding nuclear materials and technology, and

             g)   does not require the boards of CalPERS and CalSTRS to 
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               divest investments and take other prescribed actions, as 
               specified, unless they determine in good faith that the 
               action is consistent with their fiduciary duties.

           2)This bill  :

             a)   would require that any determination made by the 
               CalPERS and CalSTRS boards that an action, as specified 
               in the California Public Divest from Iran Act, would be 
               a breach of fiduciary duty, be made in a public hearing 
               of the full board after proper public notice and an 
               opportunity for public comment.


           COMMENTS  :

           1)CalPERS and CalSTRS Activities in Compliance with Chapter 
            671, Statutes of 2007 (AB 221 - Anderson)

             In addition to providing the required reports to the 
            Legislature regarding specified divestment activities, both 
            CalPERS and CalSTRS provided an update during a joint 
            informational hearing by this committee and the Assembly 
            Public Employees', Retirement and Social Security committee 
            in February last year.

            During that hearing, representatives from both CalPERS and 
            CalSTRS testified that pursuant to Chapter 671, they 
            identified, monitored and engaged companies in their 
            respective investment portfolios, reviewed their status 
            under Chapter 671, had taken specified action with some 
            companies, and will continue their commitment to compliance 
            with the Act.

            As a result of activities pursuant to Chapter 671, 
            withdrawals by these major multinational corporations 
            reduced the value of CalPERS' portfolio holdings in 
            companies subject to divestment from $2 billion to 
            approximately $300 million, which potentially could be 
            subject to further divestment.

            CalSTRS has continued to monitor the situation with regards 
            to Iran and engage companies identified as having ties to 
            the country.  According to CalSTRS, CalSTRS has divested 
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            holdings under Chapter 671.  Over the past year, CalSTRS 
            staff has met with identified companies and plans to 
            continue engagement activities in 2011.


           2)Arguments in Support  

          According to the Jewish Public Affairs Committee (JPAC):

               "It is clear from both legislative oversight hearings 
               and the reports issued by these agencies, particularly 
               CalPERS, that they are avoiding the intent of the 
               Legislature and have not divested.  These decisions are 
               based on a questionable interpretation of fiduciary 
               duty.  This bill would establish a transparent and 
               public process for such a determination, and would also 
               clarify the burden of making such a finding by shifting 
               the findings burden to a specific determination of 
               inconsistency which is more in line with Legislative 
               intent."

          JPAC further adds:

               "The State Legislature passed AB 221 to join an 
               international effort, a United States effort and 
               national movements among the states to put international 
               pressure on Iran to end its rogue activities.  It is 
               unfortunate that CalPERS continues to defy the 
               Legislature and hide behind fiduciary duty when other 
               states have divested.  This bill is a step forward in 
               shedding the light of day on their efforts to avoid 
               divestment."
           
          3)Arguments in Opposition
           
          According to CalSTRS:

               This measure changes the application of the board's 
               fiduciary duty pursuant to Section 17 of Article XVI of 
               the California Constitution relative to investments in 
               Iran.

               Under the California Public Divest from Iran Act, the 
               CalSTRS board is required to take specified actions 
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               unless the board determines, in good faith, that such 
               actions would not be consistent with its fiduciary duty. 
                This measure changes that standard so that the board's 
               standard for exercising its fiduciary duty would be set 
               much higher.

            In addition, CalSTRS expresses concerns regarding 
            discussing investment strategies during an open, public 
            session of the board:

               The public hearing requirement runs counter to the 
               Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act which authorizes a state 
               body that invests retirement, pension, or endowment 
               funds to consider investment decisions in closed 
               session.

               If the board were to debate the fiduciary responsibility 
               of a specific investment in open session with the 
               required notice period, the investment would be exposed 
               to a potentially negative market impact which could 
               result in significant losses for CalSTRS.  These actions 
               would not serve to maximize the investment and would run 
               counter to the board's fiduciary responsibility of 
               maximizing income for the fund.

          4)   SUPPORT  :

            Jewish Public Affairs Committee (JPAC)

          5)   OPPOSITION :

            California Conference of Machinists
            California State Teachers' Retirement System (CalSTRS)
            California Teamsters Public Affairs Council




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