BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 961
                                                                  Page  1

           
           SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 961 (Ed Hernandez)
          As Amended  August 24, 2012
          Majority vote

           SENATE VOTE  :23-13  
           
           HEALTH              12-4        APPROPRIATIONS      12-5        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Monning, Atkins, Bonilla, |Ayes:|Gatto, Blumenfield,       |
          |     |Eng, Gordon, Hayashi,     |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |Roger Hern�ndez, Bonnie   |     | Charles Calderon,        |
          |     |Lowenthal, Mitchell, Pan, |     |Campos, Davis, Fuentes,   |
          |     |Silva, Williams           |     |Hall, Hill, Cedillo,      |
          |     |                          |     |Mitchell, Solorio         |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Logue, Garrick, Mansoor,  |Nays:|Harkey, Donnelly,         |
          |     |Nestande                  |     |Nielsen, Norby, Wagner    |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Reforms California's health insurance market for 
          individual purchasers and implements provisions of the Patient 
          Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) prohibiting preexisting 
          condition exclusions, requiring guaranteed issuance of products, 
          establishing statewide open and special enrollment periods, and 
          limiting premium rating factors to age, geography, and family 
          size.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Prohibits health insurers in the individual market, except 
            grandfathered plans, from imposing preexisting condition 
            requirements after January 1, 2014.

          2)Requires guaranteed issuance of health insurance policies in 
            the individual market.  Makes this provision inoperative if 
            the ACA requirement on guaranteed issuance is repealed.

          3)Requires a health insurer to provide an initial open 
            enrollment period from October 1, 2013, to March 31, 2014, 
            inclusive, and annual enrollment periods for plan years on or 
            after January 1, 2015, from October 15 to December 7, 
            inclusive of the preceding calendar year.

          4)Requires a health insurer to allow an individual to enroll in 








                                                                  SB 961
                                                                  Page  2

            or change individual health benefit plans, as a result of 
            specified triggering events including when he or she was 
            receiving services from a contracting provider under another 
            health benefit plan for a condition which requires continuity 
            of coverage, under existing law.

          5)Prohibits, on or after January 1, 2014, a health insurer from 
            conditioning the issuance or offering of an individual health 
            benefit plan on any of the following factors:

             a)   Health status;

             b)   Medical condition, including physical and mental 
               illness;

             c)   Claims experience;

             d)   Receipt of health care;

             e)   Medical history;

             f)   Genetic information;

             g)   Evidence of insurability, including conditions arising 
               out of acts of domestic violence;

             h)   Disability; or,

             i)   Any other health status-related factor as determined by 
               federal regulations, rules, or guidance issued pursuant to 
               the ACA.

          6)Requires all individual health benefit plans to conform to 
            specified requirements in existing law, and to be renewable at 
            the option of the enrollee except as permitted to be canceled, 
            rescinded, or not renewed, as specified.  Requires any health 
            insurer that ceases to offer for sale new individual health 
            benefit plans, as specified, to continue to be governed by 
            existing law, as specified.

          7)Requires a health insurer to use only the following 
            characteristics of an individual, and any dependent thereof, 
            for purposes of establishing the rate of the individual health 
            benefit plan covering the individual and eligible dependents, 
            along with the health benefit plan selected by the individual:








                                                                  SB 961
                                                                  Page  3


             a)   Age, as established by the United States Secretary of 
               Health and Human Services and shall not vary by more than 
               three to one for adults;

             b)   Nineteen geographic rating regions; and,

             c)   Whether covering an individual or family, and required 
               by the ACA.

          8)Makes 7) above inoperative if the ACA requirement on rating 
            factors is repealed.

          9)Establishes a health insurer rating period of January 1, to 
            December 31, inclusive. 

          10)Requires grandfathered plans to disclose to insureds that new 
            coverage options including potential subsidies will be 
            available and to direct insureds to seek more information, as 
            specified. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, one-time special fund costs over the next three years 
          to California Department of Insurance (CDI) and the Department 
          of Managed Health Care (DMHC) exceeding $500,000 (Managed Care 
          Fund and Insurance Fund) to modify regulations, to ensure plan 
          licensure documentation and practices reflect compliance with 
          this bill's provisions, and to handle consumer inquiries. 
          Unknown, potentially significant annual state costs to CDI and 
          DMHC to enforce the provisions of this bill depending upon 
          insurer compliance with the new provisions and the volume of 
          consumer complaints. This bill has been amended to exclude 
          Health and Safety Code sections enforced by the DMHC.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, this bill is necessary to 
          implement provisions of the ACA and reform California's 
          individual insurance market.  While California has a history of 
          strong consumer protections in the group market, these 
          protections have largely been absent in the individual market.  
          The ACA creates new market rules that limit which factors plans 
          can use to determine premium rates, eliminate the use of 
          preexisting condition exclusions and require plans to issue and 
          renew policies for anyone willing to purchase.  The market rules 
          established in this bill will affect plans operating in the 
          Exchange and in the outside market in order to be consistent and 








                                                                  SB 961
                                                                  Page  4

          ensure an equitable mix of health risk.  This bill reforms 
          California's individual health insurance market to include ACA 
          requirements and improve access and affordability to health 
          insurance for Californians.  

          Health Access California (HAC) writes in support that this bill 
          requires guaranteed issue of coverage, ending the practice of 
          denying Californians coverage based on pre-existing conditions, 
          prohibits basing premiums on health status, and ends lock-in so 
          that individuals will be able to change carriers and products.  
          HAC raises concern about the limitations on guaranteed issue 
          related to the open enrollment period but reluctantly accepts 
          these limits given the federal rule on exchanges which imposes 
          the same rule on California's Exchange.  HAC also raises 
          concerns about not applying the bill's provisions to 
          grandfathered plans because it will allow the continuation of 
          substandard plans with increasing premiums.  HAC supports the 
          provisions that limits rate increases to once annually.  
          Consumers should be able to budget and plan.  The Greenlining 
          Institute believes this bill will establish parity in California 
          with federal regulations.  According to the Greenlining 
          Institute these measures are of critical importance to 
          communities of color, who experience health disparities 
          resulting from factors such as environmental hazards, poverty, 
          and various forms of discrimination.  The California Primary 
          Care Association indicates that this bill provides numerous 
          consumer protections.  The California Pan-Ethnic Health Network 
          contends that this bill will ensure that Californians regardless 
          of health status will be able to get the coverage they need.  
          The California Chiropractic Association (CCA) strongly believes 
          that having access to cost-effective health care coverage is 
          essential in creating and maintaining long-term health and 
          wellness.  CCA is pleased that this bill, in compliance with the 
          ACA, will prohibit discriminatory premium and denial policies 
          related to health status and pre-existing conditions.  

          The position of the California Association of Health Plans 
          (CAHP) described in this analysis is based upon a previous 
          version of this bill.  It is unclear if recent amendments which 
          include tying guaranteed issue and rating requirements in this 
          bill to the ACA change CAHP's position on this bill.  CAHP, 
          based on prior versions, believes this bill is missing key 
          components, such as tying some individual market and 
          underwriting changes of the ACA to an individual coverage 
          requirement that was designed to help mitigate the cost impacts 








                                                                  SB 961
                                                                  Page  5

          of adverse selection.  CAHP believes the ACA changes can only 
          work when its central provisions are working in harmony.  Such 
          provisions are the guaranteed issuance of coverage regardless of 
          preexisting conditions, a community rating structure that limits 
          premium variance, and an individual mandate that requires broad 
          participation in the insurance market.  According to CAHP, 
          states that have instituted guaranteed issue and community 
          rating without a mandate have experienced incredible market 
          disruption.  CAHP would also require charging higher premium 
          rates based on tobacco use because they cause $96 billion in 
          health care expenditures per year in the United States.  CAHP 
          also believes many laws will be obsolete under the ACA and 
          should be repealed.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Teri Boughton / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097 
                                                       FN: 0005623