BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 965|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                         |
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 965
          Author:   Wright (D) and Blakeslee (R)
          Amended:  5/2/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 4/23/12
          AYES:  Simitian, Strickland, Blakeslee, Hancock, Kehoe, 
            Lowenthal
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Pavley

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8


           SUBJECT  :    Water quality control boards:  ex parte 
          communications

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill provides that the ex parte 
          communications provisions of the Administrative Procedure 
          Act (APA) do not apply to specified proceedings of the 
          State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) or a regional 
          water quality control board (RWQCB).  This bill, instead, 
          defines an ex parte communication as an oral or written 
          communication with one or more board members regarding 
          those specified state or regional board proceedings.  It 
          permits oral ex parte communications at any time by any 
          board member if the board member involved in the 
          communication notifies, and provides for the participation 
          of, all parties, as specified.  It permits written ex parte 
          communications by any party provided that the interested 
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          person, as defined, who makes the communications provides 
          copies of the communication to all parties, as specified.  
          It requires that if an individual ex parte communication 
          meeting or call is granted to any interested party, all 
          other parties shall also be granted individual ex parte 
          meetings of a substantially equal period of time with the 
          board member.  It authorizes a board to prohibit ex parte 
          communications for a period beginning not more than 14 days 
          before the day of the board meeting at which the decision 
          in the proceeding is scheduled for board action.  It 
          requires that, in any case, all ex parte communications be 
          reported, as specified, by the interested person, 
          regardless of whether the communication was initiated by 
          the interested person.

          ANALYSIS  :    Under existing law, the SWRCB and the 
          California RWQCBs implement the Federal Water Pollution 
          Control Act and the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control 
          Act by prescribing waste discharge requirements for 
          discharges to the waters of the state, as specified.  
          Existing law authorizes the SWRCB and RWQCBs to hold 
          hearings necessary for carrying out their duties, as 
          specified.

          The APA establishes the conduct of administrative 
          adjudicative proceedings, which are defined as evidentiary 
          hearings for determination of facts pursuant to which a 
          state agency formulates and issues a decision.  Existing 
          law defines a decision as an agency action of specific 
          application that determines a legal right, duty, privilege, 
          immunity, or other legal interest of a particular person.  
          The APA prohibits, as an ex parte communication, while an 
          adjudication is pending, any communication, direct or 
          indirect, regarding any issue in the proceeding, to the 
          presiding officer, as defined, from an employee or 
          representative of an agency that is a party or from an 
          interested person outside the agency, without notice and 
          opportunity for all parties to participate in the 
          communication.  The APA provides that if the above 
          prohibition is violated, the presiding officer shall 
          promptly disclose the content of the communication on 
          record and give all parties an opportunity to address the 
          communication, as specified.  The APA also provides that a 
          violation of that prohibition may be grounds for 

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          disqualification of the officer who engaged in the ex parte 
          communication.

           Specifics of SB 965
           
          1. Provides that ex parte communication provisions of the 
             APA do not apply to actions of the SWRCB and RWQCBs 
             concerning waste discharge requirements, conditions of 
             water quality certification, or conditional waiver waste 
             discharge requirements.

          2. Allows ex parte communications as follows:

             (a)   Oral ex parte communications may be permitted at 
                any time by any board member provided that the board 
                member involved in the communication does each of the 
                following:

                (1)      Invites all parties to attend the meeting or 
                   sets up a conference call in which all parties may 
                   participate.

                (2)      Gives notice of the meeting or call as soon 
                   as possible, but no less than three days before 
                   the meeting or call.

             (b)   Written ex parte communications may be permitted 
                by any party provided that the interested person 
                making the communication serves copies of the 
                communication on all parties on the same day the 
                communication is sent to a board member or makes 
                arrangements with the board staff to ensure that all 
                interested parties have been provided copies of the 
                communication.

             (c)   If an individual ex parte communication meeting or 
                call is granted to any interested party, all other 
                parties shall also be granted individual ex parte 
                meetings of a substantially equal period of time with 
                the board member.  The interested person requesting 
                the initial individual meeting shall notify the 
                parties that its request has been granted, and shall 
                file a certificate of service of this notification at 
                least three days before the meeting or call.

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             (d)   A board may prohibit ex parte communications for a 
                period beginning not more than 14 days before the day 
                of the board meeting at which the decision in the 
                proceeding is scheduled for board action.  If the 
                board holds the decision, it may permit ex parte 
                communications during the first half of the interval 
                between the hold date and the date that the decision 
                is calendared for final decision, and may prohibit 
                these communications for the second half of the 
                period, provided that the period of prohibition shall 
                begin not more than 14 days before the day of the 
                board meeting to which the decision is held.

             (e)   All ex parte communications made regarding a board 
                action identified in Point 1 of the beginning of 
                Specifics of SB 965 shall be reported by the 
                interested person, regardless of whether the 
                communication was initiated by the interested person. 
                 A notice of ex parte communication shall be filed 
                with the board within three working days of the 
                communication.  The notice may address multiple ex 
                parte communications in the same proceeding, provided 
                that notice of each communication identified therein 
                is timely.  The notice shall include all of the 
                following information:

                (1)      The date, time, and location of the 
                   communication, and whether it was oral, written, 
                   or both.

                (2)      The identities of each board member 
                   involved, the person initiating the communication, 
                   and any persons present during the communication.

                (3)      A description of the interested person's 
                   communication and the content of this 
                   communication.  A copy of any written, 
                   audiovisual, or other material used for or during 
                   the communication shall be attached to this 
                   description.

          3. Defines interested person as follows:


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             (a)   Any party to the proceeding or the agents or 
                employees of any party, including persons receiving 
                consideration to represent any of them.

             (b)   Any person with a financial interest, as described 
                in Article 1 (commencing with Section 87100) of 
                Chapter 7 of Title 9 of the Government Code, in a 
                matter at issue before a board, or that person's 
                agents or employees, including persons receiving 
                consideration to represent that person.

             (c)   A representative acting on behalf of any formally 
                organized civic, environmental, neighborhood, 
                business, labor, trade, or similar association who 
                intends to influence the decision of a board member 
                on a matter before the board, even if that 
                association is not a party to the proceeding.

           Background
           
           Ex parte rules for boards and commissions  .  Ex parte 
          communications are made in private between an interested 
          party in a decisionmaking process and an official in a 
          decisionmaking position.  Because they can introduce an 
          element of bias in a decisionmaking process federal and 
          state law as well as agency policy prescribe requirements 
          for ex parte communications for specified proceedings.  
          Because boards and commissions can vary in the type of 
          proceedings held, the process of each may vary for each 
          board or commission.

           SWRCB  .  SWRCB regulations (Title 23 California Code of 
          Regulations, Section 648) conform to the APA relative to 
          adjudicatory proceedings, including the limitations on ex 
          parte communications.  Should a prohibited ex parte 
          communication be received during an adjudicatory 
          proceeding, the board member must disclose the 
          communication on the record.  Disclosure requires either 
          (1) including a written ex parte communication in the 
          record, along with any response from the board member, or 
          (2) memorializing an oral communication by including a 
          memorandum in the record stating the substance of the 
          communication, identifying who was present at the time of 
          the communication and any response from the member.  The 

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          board member must notify all parties of the ex parte 
          disclosures.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/22/12)

          Arroyo Grande City Manager Steven Adams
          Association of California Water Agencies
          Atlas Pacific Corporation
          Auburn Director of Public Works
          Bazz Houston Company
          Buddy Bar Casting
          California Building Industry Association
          California Cement Manufacturers Environmental Coalition
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Contract Cities Association
          California Grocers Association
          California League of Food Processors
          California Manufacturers & Technology Association
          California Metals Coalition
          California Precast Concrete Association
          California Refuse Recycling Council
          California State Association of Counties
          Cast Aluminum Corporation
          CASTCO
          Chemical Industry Council of California
          Cities of Artesia, Auburn, Bellflower, Camarillo, Ceres, 
            Goleta, Kingsburg, Lakewood, Monterey, Santa Maria, Pismo 
            Beach, Placerville, Redding, Rocklin, Roseville, 
            Vacaville, Vernon, Watsonville, and Yreka
          Department of Defense Regional Environmental Coordinator 
          Region 9
          Golden State Builders Exchanges
          Inland Empire Disposal
          Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries California Chapters
          League of California Cities
          LKQ Corporation
          Lodi Iron Works, Inc.
          Los Angeles County Waste Management Association
          Lumber Association of California & Nevada
          Magnesium Alloy Products Company, Inc.
          National Federation of Independent Business

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          Orange County Board of Supervisors
          Pacific Alloy Casting Company, Inc.
          Pacific Merchant Shipping Association
          Peace Officers Research Association of California
          Placerville Public Works Department
          Rangers Die Casting Company
          Roseville Police Officers Association
          Sacramento Stormwater Quality Partnership
          San Bernardino County Stormwater Program
          San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments
          San Juan Water District
          Solid Waste Association of Orange County
          SSA Marine
          State of California Auto Dismantlers Association
          TST, Inc.
          United Contractors
          Western Growers Association
          Western Wood Preservers Institute
          Wine Institute

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/22/12)

          Natural Resources Defense Council
          
           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office, 
          there is no existing statute governing ex parte 
          communications at proceedings of the SWRCB or RWQCBs.  The 
          author's office states that board staff believe that state 
          and regional water board members and staff must follow ex 
          parte rules similar to rules that must be followed by 
          judges, defendants and plaintiffs in courts.  The author's 
          office argues that all administrative avenues have been 
          exhausted, in that the board staff and counsel have 
          heretofore resisted calls to conform the ex parte 
          regulations of the boards to be consistent with those used 
          by other regulatory agencies within and outside of CalEPA.  
          According to the author's office, the Little Hoover 
          Commission, the Department of Water Resources and other 
          public and private entities and individuals have strongly 
          suggested the board staff modify its rules.

          Supporters argue that this bill will make members of SWRCB 
          more accessible to the public, including stakeholders that 
          are regulated by the SWRCB and RWQCBs.  Supporters argue 

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          that access to decision makers is critical to ensuring 
          effective and balanced public policy.  Supporters state 
          that several years ago, the staff of the SWRCB determined 
          that the process of the adoption of standards and permits 
          was a quasi-judicial process, despite the fact that many 
          storm water permits and other actions taken by SWRCB 
          clearly do not fall within that category.  As a result of 
          this interpretation board members are prohibited from 
          communicating with stakeholders in developing permits and 
          policies, even though these permits may often apply to 
          large groups of stakeholders in the regulated community.  
          The supporters argue that this restriction on 
          communication, or ex parte rules limit the regulated 
          entities' ability to discuss important and complex issues 
          with board members despite the profound fiscal impact board 
          decisions can have on these regulated entities.  Supporters 
          believe that the current process diminishes the ability of 
          local governments, businesses and other stakeholders to 
          provide valuable information to the water boards since 
          their opportunity to comment is often limited to a few 
          minutes of testimony during a formal hearing.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Natural Resources Defense 
          Council states that this bill "would weaken 
          long-established ex parte communications provisions of the 
          Administrative Procedure Act, which prohibit the public, 
          including industry or special interest concerns, from 
          communicating with Water Board members regarding any 
          pending or impending adjudicative proceeding before that 
          Board.  This bill represents a misguided undertaking at 
          best; it is of vital importance that the state maintain the 
          highest standards of conduct for those charged with making 
          decisions that cover one of the most essential 
          environmental and public health portfolios in the state.  
          The prohibitions against ex parte communications are 
          designed to prevent actions by Board members that could be 
          deemed a conflict of interest.  This is critical given that 
          Water Board proceedings are often heavily contested; it 
          would be analogous to allowing plaintiffs and defendants in 
          a court proceeding to communicate with the judge.  The 
          Water Board's proceedings further address chronic issues of 
          pollution to the state's surface and ground water 
          resources, with direct impact to the public health and 
          welfare.  The nature of the Water Boards' responsibilities 

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          demands continued support for the existing ex parte 
          requirements."


          DLW:mw  5/23/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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