BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Carol Liu, Chair


          BILL NO:       SB 1050                                     
          S
          AUTHOR:        Alquist                                     
          B
          VERSION:       April 12, 2012
          HEARING DATE:  April 24, 2012                              
          1
          FISCAL:        Yes                                         
          0
                                                                     
          5
          CONSULTANT:    Sara Rogers                                 
          0

                                        

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                         Autism: telehealth taskforce.
                                         
                                    SUMMARY
                                         
          Requires the Department of Developmental Services to 
          establish an autism telehealth taskforce administered and 
          lead by a public or nonprofit entity responsible for the 
          activities and work of the taskforce.  Provides that the 
          lead administrator shall appoint members of the taskforce 
          who shall have knowledge or experience, as specified.  
          Provides that the taskforce shall provide technical 
          assistance and recommendations in the area of telehealth 
          services for individuals with autism spectrum disorder, as 
          specified.

                                     ABSTRACT
                                         
           Current law

           1.Enacts the Telehealth Advancement Act of 2011 and repeals 
            the Telemedicine Development Act of 1996.  Defines 
            telehealth as a mode of delivering health care and public 
            health services facilitating the diagnosis, consultation, 
                                                         Continued---



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            treatment, education, care management and self-management 
            while the patient is at an originating site and the 
            health care provider is at a distant site.

          2.Requires the California Department of Developmental 
            Services to develop evaluation and diagnostic procedures 
            for the diagnosis of autism disorder and other autistic 
            spectrum disorders, as specified.

          3.Enacts the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Service 
            Act under the Department of Developmental Services (DDS) 
            affirming a variety of rights and responsibilities for 
            persons with developmental disabilities, including the 
            right to treatment and habilitation services and supports 
            in the least restrictive environment.

          4.Establishes regional centers, a network of 21 nonprofit 
            private orgranizations that operate under contract with 
            DDS to provide or direct the provision of services and 
            supports identified in a client-individual program plan.

          5.Enacts the California Early Intervention Services Act of 
            1993 establishing a statewide network of family-centered 
            interagency programs responsible for providing 
            appropriate early intervention services and support to 
            all eligible infants and toddlers and their families, 
            also known as "Early Start."

          6.Enacts, through federal law, the Early Intervention 
            Program for Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities of 
            1986 under the Individuals with Disabilities Education 
            Act (IDEA).

          7.Prohibits health care service plans, health insurers, and 
            the Medi-Cal program from requiring in-person contact to 
            occur between a health provider and a patient before 
            payment is made for covered services appropriately 
            provided through telehealth, subject to the terms and 
            conditions of plan contract or the reimbursement policies 
            adopted by the Department of Health Care Services.

          8.Requires health care service plan contracts and health 
            insurance policies to include coverage for behavioral 
            health treatment, as defined, for pervasive developmental 
            disorder or autism.




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          9.Establishes the Autism Advisory Task Force under the 
            Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) in conjunction 
            with the Department of Insurance for the purpose of 
            providing assistance to the DMHC on topics related to 
            behavioral health treatment and to develop 
            recommendations relating to the education, training, and 
            experience requirements to secure licensure from the 
            state.

           This bill
           
          1.Makes various findings and declarations regarding the 
            efficacy of telehealth services and the potential for 
            telehealth technology to improve consumer access, health 
            care delivery and care coordination for persons diagnosed 
            with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).

          2.Requires the state Department of Developmental Services 
            to establish an autism telehealth taskforce and to 
            identify a public or nonprofit entity to act as lead 
            administrator which is responsible for all of the 
            activities and work of the taskforce.

          3.Requires the public or nonprofit administrator to have 
            knowledge or experience in telehealth, community based 
            clinical trials, and providing services to under-served 
            populations.

          4.Requires the lead administrator to appoint members of the 
            task force, with approval from the department, who have 
            specified knowledge or experience with early 
            identification and treatment of ASD, use of technology or 
            telehealth in the provision of services to individuals 
            with ASD, or other areas deemed necessary by the 
            department.

          5.Requires the taskforce to provide technical assistance 
            and recommendations to the department in the area of 
            telehealth services for individuals with ASDs, including 
            the implementation of at least one demonstration site 
            that promotes or evaluates the use of telehealth and 
            technology to improve delivery, coordination of, or 
            access to ASD services as specified.





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          6.Provides that no general fund monies shall be 
            appropriated for the project and that the establishment 
            of responsibilities of the taskforce shall be contingent 
            upon identification of appropriate or adequate funding 
            sources.

          7.Includes a sunset date of January 1, 2019.


                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal committee.  
          This bill requires that no monies shall be appropriated 
          from the General Fund for this project and that the 
          establishment and responsibilities of the taskforces shall 
          be contingent upon identification of appropriate and 
          adequate funding sources.  This bill additionally states 
          that members of the task force shall serve without 
          compensation, except for appropriate travel, food and 
          lodging reimbursement.  

                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

           Purpose of the bill
           
          According to the author, this bill is intended to enhance 
          and promote the use of telehealth for the diagnosis and 
          treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) by DDS and 
          Regional Centers and support the provision of services in 
          the most competent and cost effective manner possible.  

          The author states that existing advisory committees within 
          the Department of Developmental Services relating to ASDs 
          lack specific expertise regarding telehealth and 
          technology, and have not been structured for the purpose of 
          making recommendations to the department on how best to 
          expand use of telehealth in providing services to 
          individuals with ASDs and their families.

          The author states that there are significant ongoing 
          technological advancements in the use of telehealth in a 
          variety of clinical settings, and many organizations 
          dedicated to the development of best practices to guide 
          implementation of telehealth technologies.  According to 
          the author there is a significant divide between the 




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          organizations and experts dedicated to telehealth 
          technologies generally, and the technical expertise of 
          individuals and organizations dedicated to improving the 
          lives of individuals with ASDs.  The stated purpose of this 
          bill is to bridge the divide between these two areas of 
          expertise in order to help guide the Department of 
          Developmental Services as they expand the use of telehealth 
          in serving individuals with ASDs.


           Definition and prevalence of autism 
           
          Autism is defined as a group of neural development 
          disorders linked to atypical biology and chemistry in the 
          brain and generally appearing within the first three years 
          of life.   Autism is further characterized by delayed, 
          impaired or otherwise atypical verbal and social 
          communication skills, sensitivity to sensory stimulation, 
          atypical behaviors and body movements, and sensitivity to 
          changes in routines.
          
          The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 
          recently published data from 2008 which indicates a 23% 
          increase in the estimated prevalence of ASD since 2006 and 
          a 78% increase since 2002.  For 2008, the overall estimated 
          prevalence of ASDs was 11.3 per 1,000 (one in 88) children 
          aged eight years compared with 9.0 per 1,000 in 2006. ASD 
          prevalence was found to be four to five times higher for 
          boys than for girls.

          In 2007, the California Department of Developmental 
          Services (DDS) reported serving 38,000 individuals with 
          autism reflecting an annual increase of 13.4 percent since 
          2002, and that, of California children born during 
          1990-1997, more than 11,000 are enrolled with DDS to 
          receive services for autism.

           Public services for children and adults with autism
           
          The Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Service Act 
          administered by the Department of Developmental Services 
          (DDS) affirms a variety of rights and responsibilities for 
          persons with developmental disabilities, including the 
          right to treatment and habilitation services and supports 
          in the least restrictive environment.  




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          State law requires the Department of Developmental Services 
          and Regional Centers, as their contracted local 
          administrator, to provide a variety of services and 
          supports necessary to prevent institutionalization and to 
          assist families caring for their children at home.  
          Provided services include diagnosis and eligibility 
          assessment services as well as family support or 
          community/independent living services in accordance with an 
          individual program plan (IPP) or an individualized family 
          service plan (IFSP).  Regional centers are permitted to 
          purchase Applied Behavior Analysis or Intensive Behavior 
          Intervention services if the service provider uses 
          evidence-based practices and the services promote positive 
          social behaviors and help address issues with learning and 
          social interactions.

          DDS additionally administers the Early Start program in 
          California which provides a broad scope of behavioral 
          intervention and family support services to infants and 
          toddlers under the age of 3 who are 'developmentally 
          delayed' or have an 'established risk' or are 'at high 
          risk' of a developmental delay.
           
          Telehealth as a treatment modality for autism  
          
          Many studies indicate that early diagnosis and intervention 
          is critical for children with ASD, offering significant 
          opportunities to improve quality of life for these children 
          and their families over the short and long term.

          Recent studies have evaluated the effectiveness and 
          efficiency of behavioral intervention treatments, 
          functional communication training and functional analysis 
          training for parents conducted through telehealth, 
          including both synchronous (simultaneous exchange of 
          information) and asynchronous (information exchange occurs 
          over a period of time) modalities.  These studies have 
          demonstrated that telehealth can result in increased 
          efficiency, cost savings and comparable treatment outcomes.
          
           Related legislation
           
          SB 764 (Steinberg, 2012), if passed, would require DDS to 
          allow applied behavioral analysis (ABA) services, intensive 




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          behavioral intervention (IBI) services, or both, to be 
          provided through the use of telehealth systems (THS), as 
          defined, as part of a consumer's individual program plan 
          upon approval of a regional center and the voluntary 
          approval of the consumer or specified persons.  SB 764 is 
          currently in the Assembly pending referral.

          SB 946 (Steinberg), Chapter 650, Statutes of 2011 mandates 
          health insurance coverage for behavioral health treatment 
          services related to pervasive developmental disorder or 
          autism effective July 1, 2012.
          
          AB 415 (Logue), Chapter 547, Statutes of 2011 repealed the 
          Telemedicine Development Act of 1996, changing the 
          reference from "telemedicine" to "telehealth", revising 
          confidentiality and privacy standards, consent 
          requirements, and other health provider and insurance 
          requirements for telehealth.
          
          ABx4 9, Chapter 9, Statutes of 2009-10, Fourth 
          Extraordinary Session among other provisions, required the 
          least costly available provider of comparable service, 
          including transportation costs, who is able to accomplish 
          all or parts of the consumer's IPP, consistent with  the 
          needs of the consumer and family as identified in the IPP, 
          to be selected to deliver services to the consumer.

          Statutorily defined applied behavioral analysis and 
          intensive behavioral intervention treatments and 
          established a variety of standards and restrictions for 
          vendors providing applied behavioral analysis services or 
          intensive behavioral intervention services, or both.

          SB 1665 (M. Thompson), Chapter 864, Statutes of 1996 
          enacted the "Telemedicine Development Act of 1996," 
          imposing several requirements governing the delivery of 
          health care services through telemedicine.  Prohibited 
          health insurers from requiring face-to face contact between 
          a health care provider and patient for covered services 
          appropriately provided through telemedicine.

          
                                    POSITIONS






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           Support:                     none received
                                                                      

          Oppose:   none received


                                   -- END --