BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Carol Liu, Chair


          BILL NO:       SB 1051                                     
          S
          AUTHOR:        Liu and Emmerson                            
          B
          VERSION:       April 17, 2012
          HEARING DATE:  April 24, 2012                              
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          FISCAL:        Yes                                         
          0
                                                                     
          5
          CONSULTANT:    Mareva Brown                                
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                                     SUBJECT
                                         
             Developmental centers and state hospitals: reports of 
                           death, injury and abuse: 
                               mandated reporters

                                     SUMMARY  

          Requires the Department of Justice to include data 
          regarding a crime victim's self-report of disability status 
          in criminal justice statistics; establishes criteria for 
          employment for  the director of the Office of Protective 
          Services within the Department of Developmental Services 
          and directs that position be appointed by and serve at the 
          pleasure of the Secretary of the Health and Human Services 
          Agency; requires that mandated reporters working in 
          developmental centers report suspected abuse to the Office 
          of Protective Services immediately; requires state 
          hospitals and developmental centers to report specified 
          incidents to the designated Protection and Advocacy agency.

                                     ABSTRACT  

           Current law

              1)   Requires that the California Department of Justice 
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               prepare and distribute to specified law enforcement 
               agencies cards, forms or electronic means used in 
               reporting data to the department, and to recommend the 
               form and content of records which must be kept to 
               ensure correct reporting of data to the department. 

             2)   Establishes jurisdiction of the Department of 
               Developmental Services over state developmental 
               centers, which provide residential care to individuals 
               with developmental disabilities.

             3)   Establishes a police force within the state 
               Department of Developmental Services to enforce 
               developmental center rules, preserve peace and protect 
               the property of the state's developmental centers. 
               This office has been designated the Office of 
               Protective Services.


             4)   Requires a developmental center to immediately 
               report all resident deaths and serious injuries of 
               unknown origin to the appropriate local law 
               enforcement agency.

             5)   Establishes jurisdiction of the state Department of 
               Mental Health over the state's mental hospitals.

             6)   Establishes a police force within the state 
               Department of Mental Health to enforce hospital rules, 
               preserve peace and protect the property of the state's 
               mental hospitals.

             7)   Requires the state to designate a protection and 
               advocacy organization, as specified, to advocate for 
               and investigate allegations of abuse against 
               individuals with disabilities. This statute reflects 
               federal requirements that states identify and fund 
               such an advocacy organization. 

             8)   Requires in Health and Safety code that deaths or 
               serious injuries occurring in developmental centers or 
               state hospitals that result from the use of restraints 
               be reported to the state-designated protection and 
               advocacy organization.





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             9)   Requires specified people, known as mandated 
               reporters, to report cases of elder or dependent adult 
               abuse, as defined, and makes the failure to report a 
               misdemeanor. 

           This bill

              1)   Requires the Department of Justice to include data 
               regarding a crime victim's self-report of disability 
               status in the criminal justice statistics, no later 
               than the next revision of the department's uniform 
               crime report, as specified.

             2)   Requires that when the Department of Developmental 
               Services employs a Director of Protective Services, 
               that person must have specified qualifications 
               including:

                  a.        Shall be an experienced law enforcement 
                    officer
                  b.        Possess a Peace Officers Standards and 
                    Training Management Certificate or higher
                  c.        Have extensive management experience 
                    directing uniformed peace officer and 
                    investigation operations

             3)   Specifies that the Director of Protective Services 
               shall be appointed by, and shall serve at the pleasure 
               of, the Secretary of the California Health and Human 
               Services agency.

             4)   Requires the Department of Developmental Services 
               to report to the state-identified protection and 
               advocacy agency, any of the following incidents 
               involving a resident of a developmental center no 
               later than close of the first business day following 
               the discovery of the reportable incident:

                  a.        Any unexpected or suspicious death
                  b.        Any sexual assault allegation implicating 
                    the involvement of a developmental center or 
                    department employee
                  c.        Any report made to the local law 
                    enforcement agency





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             5)   Requires the state Department of State Hospitals to 
               report to the state-identified protection and advocacy 
               agency, any of the following incidents involving a 
               resident of a state mental hospital no later than 
               close of the first business day following the 
               discovery of the reportable incident:

                  a.        Any unexpected or suspicious death
                  b.        Any sexual assault allegation implicating 
                    the involvement of a state mental hospital 
                    employee or employee of the Department of 
                    Corrections ad Rehabilitation
                  c.        Any report made to the local law 
                    enforcement agency

             6)   Requires that mandated reporters who work in 
               Developmental Centers report suspected abuse 
               immediately to the Office of Protective Services or 
               their local law enforcement agency.

             7)   Contains an urgency clause requiring it to take 
               effect immediately.

                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal committee.

                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

           Purpose of the bill
           
          This bill is the result of information presented during a 
          Human Services Committee hearing on March 13, 2012 
          regarding the practices of the Office of Protective 
          Services which serves as the law enforcement agency for the 
          state developmental centers. The authors state that 
          questions have been raised consistently since 2000 about 
          the practices and qualifications of investigators, 
          including whether they have the proper experience and 
          training to conduct major crime investigations. While the 
          administration has recently announced a series of measures 
          to address these questions, the authors state that 
          additional oversight and reporting elements are needed to 
          ensure proper protocols are followed in all cases.





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           Developmental Centers
           
          The Developmental Centers are part of a system of care 
          overseen by the Department of
          Developmental Services (DDS). With a proposed budget of 
          $4.7 billion for 2012-2013,
          DDS is responsible for coordinating care and providing 
          services for about 1,800 individuals living in 
          Developmental Centers, as well as for approximately 250,000 
          people with developmental disabilities who receive services 
          and supports to live in their communities. A developmental 
          disability is defined as a severe and chronic disability 
          that is attributable to a mental or physical impairment 
          that begins before age 18. These disabilities include 
          mental retardation, cerebral palsy, autism, epilepsy and 
          other similar conditions.

          According to DDS, care in the Developmental Centers in 
          recent years has become more focused on serving individuals 
          with severe behaviors, autism, co-occurring mental health 
          disorders and those with hearing and vision deficits. In 
          2011, the population living in
          Developmental Centers included individuals with the 
          following diagnosis. Residents may
          be reflected in more than one category:

                87% were diagnosed with medical conditions requiring 
               treatment
                69% had severe to profound mental retardation
                60% had a dual diagnosis of both developmental 
               disability and mental health
                  condition (an increase of over 10% since 2008)
                54% required support to walk/move about their 
               environment
                46% had severe behavior conditions
                45% of the total population had visual deficits
           
          Office of Protective Services (OPS)
           
          The creation of a protective force within the Developmental 
          Centers is found in early
          statutes, which gave peace officer authority to the 
          hospital administrator and allowed the appointment of 
          part-time officers from the ranks of hospital employees. 
          Current statute confers peace officer status upon police 




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          officers in the Developmental Centers and authorizes them 
          to enforce hospital rules, preserve peace and protect state 
          property. OPS officers investigate thefts, trespassing and 
          suspicious person claims, respond to missing client calls, 
          enforce restraining orders, patrol the developmental 
          centers' grounds and investigate suspicious deaths, sexual 
          assaults and other major crimes. 

          Evaluations of OPS in developmental centers over the past 
          12 years have considered whether to retain the internal law 
          enforcement presence or remove police functions to an 
          outside entity. These evaluators concluded that the 
          environment and investigative skills needed to work with 
          victims and witnesses who have developmental disabilities 
          is significantly different than what a municipal law 
          enforcement officer would encounter and that, therefore, 
          OPS should be preserved.

           History of investigative concerns
           
          California Attorney General 
          In 2002 the California Attorney General's office, acting 
          upon a request of the Senate Select Committee on 
          Developmental Disabilities and Mental Health, released a 
          report prepared by two expert consultants who evaluated 
          investigative practices within the Developmental Centers. 
          The 82-page paper, "Policing in the Department of 
          Developmental Services, A Review of the Organization and 
          Operations 2000-2001," found a number of concerns, 
          including:

               "? the majority of (law enforcement) personnel lack 
               the training, experience and proper equipment to 
               completely preserve and collect crime scene evidence. 
               While there is a critical need to train personnel, 
               there should also be prearranged agreements with 
               outside agencies to take over the evidence processing 
               upon request." (P. 3)

          It recommended that the department establish Memorandums of 
          Understanding with local law enforcement agencies that 
          provide authority for those agencies to independently 
          review investigations completed by OPS, and to create a 
          process for local agencies to assist or take over 
          investigations that are in progress. 




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          AB 430, (Cardenas, Chapter 171, Statutes of 2001), requires 
          DDS to report specified deaths to their local law 
          enforcement agency. DDS testified that is has established 
          MOUs, however it is unclear what investigations have been 
          taken over or aided by local law enforcement agencies. 

          Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act 
          In 2004, the federal Department of Justice opened an 
          investigation under the Civil Rights
          for Institutionalized Persons Act (CRIPA) into practices at 
          Lanterman Developmental
          Center. Under CRIPA statute, federal investigators inspect 
          state- and locally run facilities to determine whether 
          there is a pattern or practice of violations of residents' 
          federal rights. In 2006, the U.S. Attorney General outlined 
          findings in a 57-page letter to then-Gov. Arnold 
          Schwarzenegger. It labeled as "troubling" the high number 
          of injuries of unknown origin recorded by staff. In a 
          13-month period, almost half of all incidents recorded were 
          listed as having unknown origin, or more than 760 cases. 
          The federal investigators also found that "an inadequate 
          incident reporting and investigative system" often hampers 
          resolution of cases of assault by one client upon another.

          Disability Rights California 
          In a 2003 report "Abuse and Neglect of Adults with 
          Developmental Disabilities: A Public Health Priority for 
          the State of California," the state-designated protection 
          and advocacy agency urged California to begin collecting 
          data on crime victims. 

               "Data from California's criminal justice and 
               developmental disabilities systems do not provide a 
               clear picture of the incidence of abuse, neglect, and 
               victimization of people with developmental 
               disabilities."

          The report noted that without accurate data, the state 
          cannot monitor the extent of victimization of individuals 
          with developmental disabilities, or to direct resources and 
          evaluate interventions.  It recommended adding a field to 
          all criminal justice data forms identifying whether a crime 
          victim has a developmental disability, among other 
          indicators.




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           Related legislation
           
          SB 1522 (Leno, 2012) would specify a list of suspected 
          crimes that developmental center employees are required to 
          report immediately to local law enforcement. 

          AB 430 (Cardenas, Chapter 171, Statutes of 2001), the 
          budget health bill, mandated that each developmental center 
          immediately report all resident deaths and serious injuries 
          of unknown origin to the appropriate law enforcement agency 
          that may, at its discretion, conduct an independent 
          investigation. 



                                    POSITIONS  

          Support:       The Arc of California and United Cerebral 
                         Palsy 

          Oppose:   None received




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