BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1054
          Author:   Pavley (D)
          Amended:  5/29/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE NATURAL RESOURCES & WATER COMM.  :  5-3, 4/10/12
          AYES:  Pavley, Kehoe, Padilla, Simitian, Wolk
          NOES:  La Malfa, Cannella, Fuller
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Evans

           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  5-2, 4/23/12
          AYES:  Simitian, Hancock, Kehoe, Lowenthal, Pavley
          NOES:  Strickland, Blakeslee

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  5-2, 5/24/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Dutton


           SUBJECT  :    Oil and gas:  well operation:  notice

           SOURCE  :     Environmental Working Group


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires a well owner or operator to 
          notify surface property owners of commencement of drilling 
          operations and hydraulic fracturing operations that are 
          about to occur near or below their property, and requires 
          notification to be given to the supervisor of the Division 
          of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR), the 
          appropriate regional water quality control board (RWQCB), 
          and municipal government.
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           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Requires, before commencing the work of drilling a well, 
            the operator to file a written notice of intention to 
            commence drilling with the State Oil and Gas Supervisor 
            or district deputy. 

          2.Provides that the notice is deemed approved if the 
            supervisor or the district deputy fails to give a written 
            response to the notice within 10 working days from the 
            date of receipt.

          This bill:

          1.Requires a well owner or operator to notify surface 
            property owners of the commencement of drilling 
            operations or hydraulic fracturing operations that are 
            planned to occur near or below their property.

          2.Requires notification, either written or electronic, to 
            be given to the supervisor of DOGGR, the appropriate 
            RWQCB, and municipal government. DOGGR would be required 
            to post all notifications it receives on its website.

          3.Requires DOGGR to submit an annual report to the 
            Legislature, beginning in January 1, 2014, including 
            aggregated data on the notices received. 

          4.Defines hydraulic fracturing.

           Background
           
          California is the 4th largest oil and gas producing state 
          and natural resources extraction is thus an important 
          contributor to the state's economy.  The DOGGR exists 
          within California's Department of Conservation.  DOGGR's 
          Supervisor (supervisor) has extensive and broad authority 
          to regulate activities associated with the production and 
          removal of hydrocarbons (e.g. oil and gas) from the ground. 
           This includes the subsurface injection of water and other 
          fluids.  This authority is granted in order to prevent 

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          damage to life, health, property, natural resources, and 
          underground and surface water suitable for irrigation or 
          domestic purposes.  DOGGR issues permits for drilling new 
          wells or reworking old ones and has 10 working days to 
          respond to each application.  Once a permit is approved, 
          the owner or operator of any oil and gas well must keep, or 
          cause to be kept, a careful and accurate log, core record, 
          and history of the drilling of the well which must be 
          reported to DOGGR where it subsequently becomes a matter of 
          public record.

          "Hydraulic fracturing" or "fracking" of hydrocarbon wells 
          to enhance oil and gas recovery is an increasingly popular 
          subsurface process/technique.  Due to technological 
          innovations, fracking, by itself and in combination with 
          advanced drilling techniques (e.g. directional drilling) 
          have allowed companies to develop previously uneconomic oil 
          and gas reserves, such as those located in subsurface shale 
          formations throughout the United States.  Once an oil or 
          natural gas well is drilled and properly lined, fluids are 
          pumped down to an isolated portion of the well at pressures 
          high enough to cause or enlarge cracks in the subsurface 
          shale formation.  These cracks or fractures allow oil and 
          natural gas to flow more freely into the well and then to 
          the surface.  The pumped fracking fluid is usually - but 
          not always - comprised almost entirely of water with a 
          small fraction of additional substances (less than a few 
          percent by volume) added to enhance the process.  A 
          considerable amount of water - hundreds of thousands to 
          millions of gallons - may be needed to frack an individual 
          well.  The fluid volume needed, its chemical composition 
          and physical characteristics will vary depending upon the 
          particular conditions of each well.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           One-time costs of at least $220,000 from the Oil, Gas, 
            and Geothermal Administrative Fund (special fund) in 
            2013-14 for the development of regulations and notice 
            templates, mapping modifications, and database and 
            website modification. 

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           Ongoing costs of approximately $1 million to $1.2 million 
            from the Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Administrative Fund 
            (special fund) in 2013-14 to receive, record, and post 
            notices and general oversight to ensure accurate 
            reporting.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/29/12)

          Environmental Working Group (source)
          AFSCME
          California Coastal Protection Network
          California League of Conservation Voters
          Clean Water Action
          Earthworks
          Environment California
          League of Women Voters
          Planning and Conservation League
          Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors
          Sierra Club California
          Union of Concerned Scientists

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/29/12)

          Associated Builders & Contractors of California, Central 
          California Chapter
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Construction Trucking Association
          California Hispanic Chambers of Commerce
          California Independent Oil Marketers Association
          California Independent Petroleum Association
          California Manufacturers and Technology Association
          California Small Business Alliance
          Chambers of Commerce Alliance of Ventura and Santa Barbara 
          Counties
          Coalition of Energy Users
          Greater Bakersfield Chamber of Commerce
          Independent Oil Producers Agency
          Kern County Black Chamber of Commerce
          Kern County Taxpayers Association
          The Coalition of Labor, Agriculture and Business
          Western States Petroleum Association

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Environmental Working Group 

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          points out that the "drilling or fracking of a well is a 
          significant development project.  The nature of the 
          drilling and fracking process involves the use of heavy 
          equipment, chemicals, copious amounts of water, and often 
          accompanying noise, light, and dust.  It is fair and 
          reasonable that a neighbor �?] be notified in advance.  
          After all, neighbors receive a notice for development 
          projects such as a variance to decrease a side yard setback 
          in a residential zone.  It is important to point out that 
          SB 1054 would not initiate any new permit process or 
          establish any new appeals or hearings."  Clean Water Action 
          agrees and states that SB 1054 "?is a necessary minimum 
          first step towards ensuring that oil and gas drilling in 
          California is conducted safely."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The Western States Petroleum 
          Association argues that this bill "requires unnecessary and 
          overly burdensome requirements" and that it represents "a 
          solution looking for a problem." WSPA continues that this 
          "legislation will slow oil and gas development by 
          increasing the legally acceptable permit review time by 
          50%, from 10 to 15 days" and that "the bill does not 
          recognize the existing contracts ("surface use agreement") 
          between surface and mineral owners that specify how oil and 
          gas development can occur."   
           

          CTW:RM:do  5/29/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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