BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: SB 1123
          SENATOR MARK DESAULNIER, CHAIRMAN              AUTHOR:  De león
                                                         VERSION: 4/17/12
          Analysis by:  Mark Stivers                     FISCAL:  YES
          Hearing date:  April 24, 2012



          SUBJECT:

          Misuse of disabled parking placards

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill suspends for 30 days the driver's license of a person 
          who misuses a disabled parking placard and allows cities and 
          counties to charge disabled persons for parking at 10-hour 
          meters.

          ANALYSIS:

          Under current law, the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) issues 
          both disabled license plates and disabled parking placards.  
          Persons with permanent disabilities may obtain a disabled 
          license plate.  Because persons with permanent disabilities 
          often travel in vehicles other than their own, they may also 
          obtain a permanent disabled parking placard, which DMV 
          automatically renews every two years.  Persons with temporary 
          disabilities may obtain a temporary parking placard that is 
          valid for up to six months or the expected length of the 
          disability as determined by a medical professional, whichever is 
          shorter.  In each case, a medical professional must certify the 
          disability.  A holder of a temporary parking placard may renew 
          the placard a maximum of six times with a new medical 
          certification at each application.  A disabled parking placard 
          or plate entitles the owner or a person transporting the owner 
          to park in disabled parking spaces and to park in other spaces 
          at no cost and with no time limit.

          Current law prohibits an owner of a disabled parking placard 
          from lending or knowingly permitting the use of a disabled 
          parking placard by anyone other than the owner or a person 
          transporting the owner.  Current law also prohibits any person 
          from displaying a disabled parking placard that does not belong 
          to him or her unless he or she is transporting the placard 
          owner.  A violator of either prohibition is subject to a civil 




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          penalty between $250 and $1000 or a criminal misdemeanor.  In 
          addition, a peace officer may confiscate a placard used by a 
          person other than the owner, unless that person is transporting 
          the owner.  After verification with the DMV that the user of the 
          placard is not the owner, the enforcement agency must notify DMV 
          of the misuse, and DMV may cancel the placard.  The disabled 
          person whose placard was canceled may subsequently reapply for a 
          new placard.  

           This bill  :  

           Suspends for 30 days the driver's license of a person found in 
            violation of the prohibition against lending or knowingly 
            permitting the use of a disabled parking placard by an 
            unauthorized person or the prohibition against the 
            unauthorized display of a disabled parking placard.


           Allows a city or county that has installed parking meters that 
            allow 10 or more hours of parking and that are in compliance 
            with the Americans with Disabilities Act to require a disabled 
            person to pay for parking, provided that the parking space has 
            signage to that effect.  


           Requires a person with a permanent disability, when renewing a 
            permanent disabled parking placard every two years, to submit 
            a new medical certificate.


           Requires an applicant for a new or renewal permanent disabled 
            parking placard and the medical professional signing the 
            medical certification to sign the application and 
            certification under penalty of perjury.


           Allows a person with a permanent disability to apply for a 
            replacement permanent disabled parking placard without having 
            to obtain a new medical certification only if the person 
            reported the original placard lost or stolen to DMV within 10 
            days of the date the placard was lost or stolen.


           Clarifies that DMV must print on each permanent disabled 
            parking placard the maximum fines both for owners who lend or 
            knowingly permit the use of their placard and for unauthorized 




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            persons who misuse the placard.


           Requires DMV to print on each permanent disabled parking 
            placard that the penalty for misuse includes suspension of the 
            person's driver's license for 30 days.


           Requires, rather than authorizes, DMV to cancel a temporary or 
            permanent disabled parking placard that has been misused.

          
          COMMENTS:

           1.Purpose of the bill .  According to the author, reports 
            indicate widespread abuse of disabled parking placards in 
            California's highly populated urban areas.  Placard abusers 
            steal millions of dollars in much-needed parking meter revenue 
            from cities; merchants listen to their customers who complain 
            about not being able to find parking, reducing their chances 
            of returning; and most importantly, drivers with genuine 
            physical disabilities are suffering as they are often unable 
            to find suitable designated disabled parking spaces in areas 
            proximate to the entrances or exits of facilities they are 
            seeking to access.  When all the curb spaces near their 
            destinations are occupied, drivers are forced to circle the 
            surrounding streets in an attempt to find an open space, 
            causing traffic congestion and pollution.  Those who have 
            difficulty walking may have to park much farther away or even 
            abandon their trips.

           2.License suspensions  .  DMV believes that 99% of disabled 
            placard misuse is by family members or caretakers.  This bill 
            seeks to address this problem by suspending for 30 days the 
            driver's license of any person found in violation of the 
            prohibition against lending or knowingly permitting the use of 
            a disabled parking placard by an unauthorized person or the 
            prohibition against the unauthorized display of a disabled 
            parking placard.  This penalty would clearly increase the 
            deterrent effect against placard misuse.  On the other hand, 
            suspending a driver's license, particularly for a first 
            offense, is a serious penalty that can very negatively affect 
            a person's ability to work, go to school, or attend to medical 
            necessities.  The committee may wish to consider whether 
            license suspension is an appropriate penalty for misuse of a 
            disabled parking placard, especially for a first offense.




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          3.Charging disabled parkers at 10-hour meters  .  The greatest 
            incentive driving the misuse of disabled parking placards is 
            the fact that a person legally displaying such a placard may 
            park for free for an unlimited amount of time at metered 
            parking spaces.  Presumably, this benefit recognizes the fact 
            that it may be difficult for disabled persons to access a 
            meter and return to the vehicle to feed a meter and that 
            disabled persons may take longer to accomplish every-day 
            tasks.  In addition, a disproportionate percentage of persons 
            with disabilities is low-income, and the law is intended to be 
            a financial benefit as well.  While the benefit is in no way 
            limited to persons of low-income, the disability community has 
            historically argued that requiring a means test to obtain free 
            parking would discourage qualified individuals from seeking 
            and enjoying the benefit.

            This bill seeks to lessen the incentive for abuse in a limited 
            way by allowing a city or county that has installed parking 
            meters that allow 10 or more hours of parking and that are in 
            compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act to require 
            a disabled person to pay for parking, provided that the 
            parking space has signage to that effect.  The bill, however, 
            does not give cities and counties the authority to charge 
            disabled persons for parking at other meters or at spaces 
            specifically designated for disabled parkers (i.e., 
            blue-painted spaces).  The committee may wish to consider 
            whether lessening disabled persons' right to free parking is 
            an appropriate way to curb abuse of disabled parking placards. 

           
          4.Penalty of perjury provisions  .  Current law gives DMV the 
            authority to require that any application or document it 
            receives be signed under penalty of perjury.  The current form 
            for disabled parking placards already requires signature under 
            penalty of perjury from both the applicant and the medical 
            professional.  With respect to disabled parking placards, this 
            bill simply coverts DMV's authority into a mandate.  

          5.Arguments in opposition  .  The California Foundation for 
            Independent Living Centers believes that the provisions of 
            this bill allowing cities and counties to charge disabled 
            persons for parking in certain circumstances will have no 
            impact on the level of abuse of disabled parking placards but 
            will make parking less accessible to persons with 
            disabilities.  The Foundation argues that the vast majority of 




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            people with disabilities live in poverty or are very 
            low-income individuals and that they should not be required to 
            pay parking expenses at a time when federal and state 
            budget-driven decisions are cutting back or eliminating vital 
            programs and services. 
                
            6.Author amendments  .  The author will offer amendments in 
            committee to remove the portions of the bill that 1) require 
            the holder of a permanent disabled parking placard to submit a 
            new medical certification every two years, and 2) require the 
            holder of a permanent disabled parking placard to report the 
            placard lost or stolen within 10 days in order to obtain a 
            replacement placard without a new medical certification.

           7.Technical amendments  .  

                 An enforcement agency may cite misuse of a disabled 
               parking placard either as a civil offense or a criminal 
               offense.  In the case of civil offenses, the citations are 
               issued and treated like parking tickets.  As a result, 
               there is no current mechanism to inform DMV of the 
               violation, which means that DMV cannot suspend the license. 
                The bill should include a requirement for an enforcement 
               agency or a court to notify DMV of violations relating to 
               the misuse of disabled parking placards.


                 The language allowing cities and counties to charge 
               disabled persons for parking at 10-hour meters needs to be 
               rewritten to clarify that this authority only applies to 
               10-hour meters.


                 The language relating to applicants and medical 
               professionals signing documents under penalty of perjury 
               and the language relating to new information about 
               penalties on the placards should apply to temporary 
               disabled parking placards in addition to permanent disabled 
               parking placards.


          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the committee before noon on 
          Wednesday,                                             April 18, 
          2012)

               SUPPORT:  None received.




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               OPPOSED:  California Foundation for Independent Living 
          Centers