BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                             SENATE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                          Senator Ed Hernandez, O.D., Chair

          BILL NO:       SB 1196
          AUTHOR:        Hernandez
          AMENDED:       April 10, 2012
          HEARING DATE:  April 18, 2012
          CONSULTANT:    Moreno

          SUBJECT  :  Claims data disclosure.
           
          SUMMARY  :  Prohibits a health care services plan (health plan) or 
          health insurance contract between a plan/insurer (carrier) and a 
          provider, including a provider of supplies, from prohibiting, 
          conditioning, or in any way restricting the disclosure of claims 
          data related to health care services provided to enrollees, 
          insureds, or beneficiaries of any self-funded health coverage 
          arrangement to an entity certified by Centers for Medicare & 
          Medicaid Services (CMS) to generate public reports on the 
          performance of health care providers.  

          Existing law:
          1.Provides for the regulation of health plans by the Department 
            of Managed Health Care (DMHC) and for the regulation of health 
            insurance by the Department of Insurance (DOI).

          2.Prohibits contracts between carriers and hospitals or health 
            care facilities owned by a licensed hospital from containing 
            any provision that restricts the ability of the carrier from 
            furnishing information to subscribers, enrollees, 
            policyholders, or insureds concerning cost range of procedures 
            or the quality of services.  

          3.Provides hospitals at least 20 days in advance to review the 
            methodology and data developed and compiled by the carriers, 
            requires utilization of appropriate risk adjustment factors 
            for quality data, requires a disclosure on the carrier's 
            website about the data developed and compiled by the carriers 
            and an opportunity for a hospital to provide a link where the 
            hospital's response to the data can be accessed.
          
          This bill: Prohibits any health plan or health insurance 
          contract between a carrier and a provider, including a provider 
          of supplies, from prohibiting, conditioning, or in any way 
          restricting the disclosure of claims data related to health care 
          services provided to enrollees, insureds, or beneficiaries of 
                                                         Continued---



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          any self-funded health coverage arrangement to an entity 
          certified by CMS to generate public reports on the performance 
          of health care providers.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal 
          committee. 

           COMMENTS  :  
           1.Author's statement.  According to the author, this bill will 
            advance a key provision of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) 
            intended to improve health care transparency by giving 
            consumers access to information that will help them make 
            informed decisions about their health care. Measuring and 
            publicly reporting information about the performance of 
            physicians, hospitals and other health care providers is 
            critical to improving health care quality and controlling 
            costs. This bill will help ensure successful implementation of 
            the ACA data access program in California by removing barriers 
            to accessing data and authorizing the reporting of insurance 
            claims data to any CMS-certified entity despite plan-provider 
            contractual provisions that prohibit or restrict the 
            disclosure of such data.  
          
          2.Escalating costs of health care. For many years, health care 
            expenditures have outpaced inflation. The United States spends 
            a larger share of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health 
            care than any other major industrialized country. According to 
            CMS, expenditures for health care represent 18 percent of the 
            nation's GDP in 2010. In 1960, health care expenditures 
            accounted for about five percent of the GDP. By 2019, CMS 
            projects that health care expenditures will account for 19 
            percent of GDP. As costs have risen, health care coverage has 
            become more unaffordable. The 2010 California Employer Health 
            Benefits Survey found health insurance premiums increased 8.1 
            percent in California in 2010.

          3.Managing costs.  According to a February 2008 California 
            HealthCare Foundation (CHCF) fact sheet, consumers are paying 
            more attention to the cost of their health care because they 
            have greater responsibility for paying for it. People with 
            insurance are coping with higher deductibles and copayments 
            and some are being offered consumer-driven health savings 
            accounts as an alternative to traditional insurance. Those who 
            lack health insurance have an even more daunting task of 
            anticipating and managing their health care costs.  Whether 
            insured or uninsured, consumers need to understand their 




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          3


          
            financial liability and find the best value. Additionally, 
            employers have an increased interest in price transparency in 
            order to improve health care outcomes for their employees and 
            to slow the growth rate of health care expenditures. Despite 
            this, consumers often do not have the tools to make informed 
            decisions based on cost and quality of care because some 
            providers have prevented price and quality information from 
            being disclosed.

          4.Usefulness of data.  A March 2006 Report by The Commonwealth 
            Fund argues knowing prices of health care services is of 
            little value without information on the total cost of caring 
            for a given condition and the quality or outcomes of that 
            care. Transparency and better public information on cost and 
            quality are essential for three reasons: a) to help providers 
            improve by benchmarking their performance against others; b) 
            to encourage private insurers and public programs to reward 
            quality and efficiency; and c) to help patients make informed 
            decisions about their care. Transparency can also play an 
            important role in leveling the playing field, as it can shed 
            light on the practice of charging patients different prices 
            for the same care.  A March 31, 2012 Los Angeles Times article 
            entitled, "The bizarre calculus of emergency room charges," 
            highlighted a number of discrepancies in charges for health 
            care services that, at times, did not seem to make sense. For 
            example, a man with health insurance was billed $13,000 for an 
            MRI scan of his shoulder that required him to pay $2,500 out 
            of pocket while his brother-in-law, who lacks health care 
            coverage, was billed $350 for the same procedure.   
            
          5.ACA transparency provisions.  The ACA includes a number of 
            provisions to incentivize quality measurement and reporting as 
            well as enabling more informed consumer decision-making. Under 
            the ACA and final implementing regulations issued in December 
            2011, the Medicare claims database will be made available for 
            use in producing public reports on the performance of health 
            care providers. The data will be provided to organizations 
            certified by CMS, called data aggregators, which will generate 
            these performance reports and make them available to 
            consumers.  

            To be eligible to participate in the federal program, 
            qualified entities will need to have experience in a variety 
            of tasks related to the calculation and reporting of 
            performance measures derived from claims data, including 
            combining claims data from different payers, designing 




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            performance reports, sharing performance reports with the 
            public, working with providers regarding requests for error 
            correction, and ensuring the privacy and security of data.  
            Another core requirement for certification is that entities 
            obtain access to claims data from other sources that can be 
            combined with the Medicare data for use in public reporting. 
            The purpose of this requirement is to encourage broader use of 
            insurance claims data in bringing robust transparency to 
            health care.   

          6.Prior legislation. SB 751 (Gaines and Hernandez), Chapter 244, 
            Statutes of 2011, prohibits contracts between carriers and 
            hospitals or health care facilities owned by a licensed 
            hospital from containing any provision that restricts the 
            ability of the carrier from furnishing information to 
            subscribers, enrollees, policyholders, or insureds concerning 
            cost range of procedures or the quality of services. Provides 
            hospitals at least 20 days in advance to review the 
            methodology and data developed and compiled by the carriers, 
            requires utilization of appropriate risk adjustment factors 
            for quality data, requires a disclosure on the carrier's 
            website about the data developed and compiled by the carriers 
            and an opportunity for a hospital to provide a link where the 
            hospital's response to the data can be accessed.

            AB 2389 (Gaines) of 2009 would have prohibited a contract 
            between a health facility and a carrier from containing a 
            provision that restricts the ability of the carrier to furnish 
            information on the cost of procedures or health care quality 
            information to carrier enrollees.  AB 2389 died in the 
            Assembly on Concurrence.

            SB 1300 (Corbett) of 2008 would have prohibited a contract 
            between a health care provider and a health plan from 
            containing a provision that restricts the ability of the 
            health plan to furnish information on the cost of procedures 
            or health care quality information to plan enrollees. SB 1300 
            died on the Senate Floor.

            AB 2967 (Lieber) of 2007 would have established a Health Care 
            Cost and Quality Transparency Committee to develop and 
            recommend to the Secretary of the Health and Human Services 
            Agency a health care cost and quality transparency plan, and 
            would have made the Secretary responsible for the timely 
            implementation of the transparency plan. AB 2967 died in the 
            Senate Appropriations Committee on the inactive file.




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            AB 1296 (Torrico), Chapter 698, Statutes of 2007, requires a 
            health plan or contractor offering health benefits to 
            California Public Employees' Retirement System (CalPERS) 
            members and annuitants to disclose to CalPERS the cost, 
            utilization, actual claim payments, and contract allowance 
            amounts for health care services rendered by participating 
            hospitals to each member and annuitant. Requires this 
            information to be deemed confidential information.

          7.Support.  Blue Shield of California states that this bill 
            advances an important provision of the ACA that promotes 
            transparency in the provision of health care services, giving 
            beneficiaries access to information that will help them make 
            more informed decisions about their health care. The 
            California School Employees Association, AFL-CIO (CSEA), 
            writes that this bill will make it possible for consumers and 
            purchasers to access data on cost, quality, and health care 
            outcomes, so they can make informed decisions.  CSEA states 
            that it is absolutely important to have data available so that 
            comparisons and important health care analyses on cost, 
            quality, and performance can be done.  Pacific Business Group 
            on Health argues public disclosure of the relative quality and 
            cost of providers drives improved quality and cost 
            transparency more rapidly than private reporting.  
              
           SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION  :
          Support:  Blue Shield of California
                    California School Employees Association, AFL-CIO
                    Pacific Business Group on Health
                    San Diego Electrical Pension Trust
                    Small Business California

          Oppose:   None received.

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