BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 1208 (Leno)
          As Amended May 7, 2012
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :21-15  
           
           JUDICIARY           6-2         APPROPRIATIONS      9-4         
           
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          |Ayes:|Feuer, Atkins, Dickinson, |Ayes:|Blumenfield, Bradford,    |
          |     |Monning, Wieckowski,      |     |Charles Calderon, Campos, |
          |     |Bonnie Lowenthal          |     |Davis, Gatto, Hill, Lara, |
          |     |                          |     |Mitchell                  |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Gorell, Jones             |Nays:|Harkey, Donnelly,         |
          |     |                          |     |Nielsen, Wagner           |
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           SUMMARY  :  Requires a publicly traded corporation to disclose, in 
          its annual statements to the California Secretary of State 
          (SOS), the names of, and the annual compensation paid to, the 
          corporation's five most highly compensated retirees.  
          Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Modifies an existing requirement that publicly traded 
            corporations doing business in California file a statement 
            with the SOS that includes the name and compensation of the 
            corporation's five most highly compensated executives, in 
            order to specify that the five named executives shall consist 
            of the Principal Executive Officer (PEO), the Principal 
            Financial Officer (PFO), and the three most highly compensated 
            executives who are not either the PEO or the PFO. 

          2)Provides that the statement described above shall also include 
            the total compensation paid to the five mostly highly 
            compensated retirees for the most recent fiscal year.  
            Specifies that the statement must also include the name of 
            each of those five retirees.  

          3)Defines "total compensation," for purposes of the above, to 










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            include the number of shares issued, options for shares 
            granted, and similar equity-based compensation, and all 
            perquisite and other personal benefits, so long as the 
            compensation is granted, awarded, or paid to the person after 
            the person's retirement from the corporation for services 
            rendered in all capacities to the corporation and to its 
            subsidiaries prior to his or her retirement. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations 
          Committee, the SOS would incur a one-time cost of about $50,000 
          to modify current Information Technology programs and business 
          documents.  Funding would come from the Business Fees Fund.
           
          COMMENTS  :  According to the author, this transparency bill 
          attempts to "address the lack of public disclosure as to what 
          highly compensated retirees at publicly traded corporations are 
          actually paid during each year of the retirement."  The author 
          believes that disclosure of this information is especially 
          important in light of the recent reports showing that executive 
          compensation of all kinds has grown dramatically while salaries 
          and benefits to the "average worker" remain stubbornly stagnant. 
            

          Partly in response to the widespread critiques of executive 
          compensation, including retirement compensation, the U.S. 
          Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) revised its disclosure 
          rules, effective in 2007, to require that retirement benefits be 
          more fully and clearly disclosed.  (See 17 Code of Federal 
          Regulation (CFR) 229.402 (h) (1).)  In addition to requiring 
          more information, the 2007 rules required that retirement 
          pension tables be disclosed in separate tables in SEC-required 
          proxy statements.  (The proxy statements are filed with the SEC 
          and are also posted on the company's Web site.)  The new rules 
          also require that tabular information be accompanied by a 
          "succinct narrative description" that explains the elements in 
          the tabular information.  (Id. (h) (3).)  The tables on pension 
          benefits must include five elements:  1) The name of the 
          executive officer; 2) the name or type of retirement plan; 3) 
          the number of years of service credited to the named officer; 4) 
          the actuarial "present value" of the executive's accumulated 
          benefit to date; and, 5) the dollar amount of any payments and 










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          benefits paid to the named executive officer in the last fiscal 
          year.  The new rules also require information on "deferred 
          compensation" plans.  (17 CFR 229.402 (i).)  A "deferred 
          compensation" plan is not technically a retirement benefit, even 
          though it often creates an obligation that continues after the 
          executive leaves the company.  A "deferred compensation" plan is 
          simply an agreement between the company and the executive that 
          services presently performed by the executive will be 
          compensated at some point in the future.  This apparently 
          creates a tax advantage for the executive or employee, who 
          presumably will receive the compensation when his or her overall 
          income - and corresponding tax obligation - will be lower.  

          While the new SEC disclosure requirements do indeed require that 
          proxy statements include detailed information about executive 
          pensions, from the perspective of those who support this bill 
          the SEC requirements have one critical flaw:  they only apply to 
          the top five covered executives (i.e. PEO, PFO, and three 
          highest compensated executives) who are currently employed, and 
          not to the retirees who have left the company.  In other words, 
          the SEC requirements only require disclosing the executive's 
          retirement plan, his or her years of service, and the "present 
          value" of any accumulated benefits.

          Thus unless one of the five most highly compensated executives 
          has already retired, there will be nothing to put in the fifth 
          column of the table that requires the amount of payments made 
          during the last fiscal year.  This is clearly illustrated by 
          sample proxy statements provided to the Judiciary Committee by 
          the opponents of this bill.  These proxy statements do indeed 
          show that the proxy statements provide tables and useful 
          narratives that explain the retirement packages that are given 
          to executives, and they include an estimate of the present value 
          of accumulated benefits.  But in nine of the eleven sample proxy 
          statements, the amount listed in column five for each of the 
          five covered executives is, not surprisingly, $0, because this 
          table only applies to current executives who have not yet 
          retired.  This bill seeks to fill that transparency gap.  Of the 
          other two proxy statements provided to the Judiciary Committee, 
          AT&T listed an amount for just one of its five covered 
          executives and MetLife listed an amount for two of its nine 










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          listed executives.  Apparently, these companies have retirees 
          who are still among the mostly highly compensated executives 
          even though they have retired, and/or the executives have 
          retired within the past fiscal year. 

          Both supporters and opponents of this bill apparently agree that 
          corporations should disclose compensation information to 
          shareholders, potential investors, and the public generally.  
          Where they appear to disagree is as to whether the SEC 
          disclosure requirements described above are adequate.  
          Supporters of this bill contend that existing SEC rules do not 
          require disclosure of what a corporation actually pays out to 
          someone who has already retired, but instead leaves this to be 
          extrapolated, if this is possible, from information about the 
          nature of the pension plans provided to current executives.  
          Opponents of the bill do not appear to dispute this in all ways, 
          but instead argue that proxy statements provide enough 
          transparency to permit a shareholder or potential investor to 
          evaluate the company's pension policies and estimate the 
          company's ongoing obligations to its top level executives.  
          After all, the proxy statements list the name, the specific type 
          of plan, the years of service, and the accumulated benefit to 
          date.  From this, opponents suggest, one could potentially make 
          a reasonable projection of what those five named executives will 
          receive once they retire.  Opponents seem to suggest that it may 
          be even more valuable for shareholders and investors to have 
          this information "prior to any top executive's retirement" in 
          order to "provide full transparency and public awareness of a 
          company's intentions."  

          In a much cited work, Ellen Schultz's, Retirement Heist 
          (2011)(Schultz is a reporter for the Wall Street Journal) 
          published after the 2007 rules went into effect, Ms. Schultz 
          proclaims that much of the most "shocking" evidence for her 
          expose is "detailed in the SEC filings."  (Schultz, Retirement 
          Heist at 100.)  However, Ms. Schultz contends that some forms of 
          compensation will not necessarily appear in the required 
          retirement compensation tables - such as "departing gifts" to 
          executives just before they retire (Id. at 109) and complex 
          schemes whereby a company takes out life insurance policies on 
          some employees (often low-level employees) and then uses the 










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          death benefits (with the company as beneficiary) to fund 
          deferred compensation plans for other employees (often top level 
          executives.)  (Id. at 132-133.)  It is possible such forms of 
          compensation would be any more likely to be disclosed under the 
          provisions of this bill than they would be under the SEC rules.  


          Thus, it does appear this measure will make improvements to 
          existing transparency provisions in the SEC rules.  First, it 
          will provide the actual amounts (rather than estimates) of 
          compensation paid to the most highly compensated retirees.  It 
          will also require that the most highly compensated executives 
          will be named, as retirees, in state SOS filings even after they 
          have left the company, whereas SEC filings only require 
          information on the pension plans provided to current executives. 
           In short, the requirements of this bill appear consistent with 
          current SEC rules, and will give shareholders, investors, and 
          the public more useful information without imposing any undue 
          burden on corporations.  
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Thomas Clark / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 


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