BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                             2011-12 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       SB 1245
          AUTHOR:        Alquist
          AMENDED:       April 19, 2012
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 25, 2012
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Beth Graybill

           SUBJECT  :  Teacher credentialing:  Alternative certification 
          programs.
          
           SUMMARY   

          This bill requires the Commission on Teacher Credentialing to 
          submit a report to the Governor and the Legislature on 
          alternative certification programs.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law establishes the following credential options for 
          individuals who wish to be the teacher of record while they 
          complete a program of professional preparation leading to a 
          multiple subject, single subject, or education specialist 
          credential:  

           District Intern Credential
           
          Existing law requires the Commission on Teacher Credentialing 
          (CTC) to issue District Intern (DI) credentials authorizing 
          individuals to provide classroom instruction.  A DI 
          credential is issued for a period of two years.  A district 
          intern is required to teach with the assistance and guidance 
          of certificated employees.  Current law establishes the 
          following minimum requirements for the credential:  

                  a)        A bachelor's degree or higher from a 
                    regionally accredited postsecondary education 
                    institution.  

                  b)        Passage of the state's basic skills 
                    examination, the California Basic Educational 
                    Skills Test (CBEST).  





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                  c)        Demonstrated knowledge of the subject to be 
                    taught, either by passage of a subject-matter 
                    competency exam or by completion of a 
                    subject-matter program that has been approved by 
                    the Commission on Teacher Credentialing.  

                  d)        The oral language component of the 
                    assessment program leading to the 
                    Bilingual-crosscultural language and academic 
                    development (BCLAD) certificate for persons seeking 
                    a DI credential to teach bilingual education 
                    classes.  (Education Code � 44325 et seq.) 




           University Intern Credential
           
          Existing law establishes the Teacher Education Internship Act 
          of 1967 to encourage the development and maintenance of 
          preparation programs that are realistic and practical in 
          content and theory and are directly related to the individual 
          functions and responsibilities of educators.  Current law 
          authorizes any school district to partner with an approved 
          college or university to establish an intern program.  
          Current law establishes the following minimum requirements 
          for the University Intern (UI) credential:  

                  a)        A bachelor's degree or higher from a 
                    regionally accredited postsecondary education 
                    institution.  

                  b)        Passage of the state's basic skills 
                    examination, the California Basic Educational 
                    Skills Test (CBEST).  

                  c)        Demonstrated knowledge of the subject to be 
                    taught, either by passage of a subject-matter 
                    competency exam or by completion of a 
                    subject-matter program that has been approved by 
                    the Commission on Teacher Credentialing.  (EC � 
                    44450 et seq.)

          In addition to the academic requirements noted above, current 
          law requires and the CTC has adopted, regulations requiring 
          every applicant for a credential, or for the renewal of a 




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          credential, to submit reasonable evidence of identification 
          and good moral character.  (EC � 44339 to � 44341)

          Existing law establishes the Alternative Certification 
          program, which is a program operated by a school district, 
          county office of education, college or university, or other 
          public education entity, individually or in collaboration 
          with other public education entities in the region, to 
          provide a concentrated program leading to a permanent 
          teaching credential and provides that school districts and 
          county offices of education that propose to operate an 
          alternative certification program can apply to the CTC for 
          incentive grant funding.   Individuals who participate in an 
          Alternative Certification program hold either a DI or UI 
          credential.  (EC � 44380 et seq.)

          Existing law specifies that for the 2008-09 fiscal year 
          through the 2014-15 fiscal year, local educational agencies 
          that receive funds for specified categorical programs may use 
          the funding received during that time for any educational 
          purpose to the extent permitted by federal law.  Funding for 
          Alternative Certification programs is included in this 
          categorical flexibility.  (EC � 42605)  

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  requires the CTC to conduct a study of alternative 
          certification programs and submit a report to the Governor 
          and the Legislature on or before January 1, 2014, that 
          includes the study, makes recommendations for the appropriate 
          goals of alternative certification programs in the state, and 
          an assessment of whether California's current alternative 
          certification programs meet those goals.  

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  :  California has at various times 
               looked at reducing barriers into teaching to address 
               statewide shortages of teachers in certain subjects such 
               as mathematics and science.  While an argument is often 
               made that it should be easier for industry professionals 
               with math or science training to transition into a 
               teaching career to meet that demand, the state has 
               recognized that teachers must be qualified to work with 
               English learners and those with special needs and has 
               historically required candidates to meet the same 




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               standards, regardless of the route chosen to earn a 
               credential.  
          According to the CTC, in many states where the intern 
               candidates are held to the same standards as student 
               teaching candidates, the intern program is known as an 
               alternative route to certification rather than an 
               "alternative" certification program.  There has been 
               considerable attention given at the national level to 
               alternative certification approaches and programs.  Some 
               of these programs represent a truly alternative model 
               for individuals to enter the teaching profession and 
               differ in significant ways from traditional preparation 
               model requirements and approaches.  The purpose of SB 
               1345 is to examine the extent to which California's 
               approach to alternative certification meets state needs. 
                

           2)   Routes into teaching  .  California has established 
               standards of quality and effectiveness for all 
               credential preparation programs.  Individuals who want 
               to become teachers generally choose between completing a 
               traditional post baccalaureate preparation program that 
               includes student teaching, or an alternative 
               certification program in which the candidate works as a 
               full-time paid intern teacher while completing the 
               preparation program.  Although structured differently, 
               the programs and their candidates must meet the same 
               standards.  

           3)   Should the intern statutes be consolidated  ?  The state 
               has offered an intern route into teaching since the 
               Teacher Internship Act of 1967.  Later statutes added 
               district interns and the Alternative Certification 
               incentive grant program, which provides funding to 
               support both types of intern programs.  Although the CTC 
               requires university and district-based intern programs 
               to meet the same standards, the statutes have nuanced 
               differences in how programs operate at the local level.  
               For example, school districts hosting university interns 
               are allowed to deduct up to 1/8 of the intern's salary 
               to cover the cost of mentoring services, but a similar 
               requirement does not exist for district interns even 
               though they also require mentoring services.  The law 
               requires district interns to be compensated for 
               pre-service training they must complete before they 
               become the teacher of record, but university interns are 




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               not compensated for preservice coursework.  To address 
               the need for consistency, Staff recommends amendments to 
               require the report include a recommendation as to 
               whether the intern statutes should be consolidated.  

           4)   Fiscal impact  .  The CTC estimates the cost of the 
               required study would be approximately $125,000 to 
               $150,000.  Given the fiscal constraints the commission 
               will face through the 2012-13 fiscal year, it may be 
               difficult to undertake the workload associated with the 
               study within existing resources.  Staff recommends 
               amendments to extend the due date of the report from 
               January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2015, and to clarify that 
               the report should be sent to the appropriate policy 
               committees of the Legislature.  

          SUPPORT
           
          None received.

           OPPOSITION
           
          None received.