BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1248|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1248
          Author:   Alquist (D)
          Amended:  5/29/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/24/12
          AYES:  Hancock, Anderson, Calderon, Harman, Liu, Price, 
            Steinberg

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/24/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Walters, Alquist, Dutton, Lieu, Price, 
            Steinberg


           SUBJECT  :    Minor victims of sex crimes:  contempt for 
          refusal to testify

           SOURCE  :     Santa Clara County District Attorney


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires that a minor who is an 
          alleged victim of a sex crime meet with a victim advocate, 
          as defined, where the minor is under 16 years of age and 
          facing contempt of court for refusing to testify.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law generally provides victims of 
          crime the constitutional right to "refuse an interview, 
          deposition, or discovery request by the defendant, the 
          defendant's attorney, or any other person acting on behalf 
          of the defendant, and to set reasonable conditions on the 
          conduct of any such interview to which the victim 
          consents," and to "reasonable notice of and to reasonably 
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          confer with the prosecuting agency, upon request, 
          regarding, the arrest of the defendant if known by the 
          prosecutor, the charges filed, the determination whether to 
          extradite the defendant, and, upon request, to be notified 
          of and informed before any pretrial disposition of the 
          case."  (California Constitution Article 1, Sections 28 (b) 
          (5) and (6).)  "A victim, the retained attorney of a 
          victim, a lawful representative of the victim, or the 
          prosecuting attorney upon request of the victim, may 
          enforce the rights enumerated ( in the Constitution) in any 
          trial or appellate court with jurisdiction over the case as 
          a matter of right. The court shall act promptly on such a 
          request."  (Cal. Const. Article 1, Section 28(c) (1))
           
           Existing law generally requires law enforcement to 
          "immediately notify the local rape victim counseling 
          center, whenever a victim of an alleged (sexual assault, as 
          specified) is transported to a hospital for any medical 
          evidentiary or physical examination.  The victim shall have 
          the right to have a sexual assault counselor ?  and a 
          support person of the victim's choosing present at any 
          medical evidentiary or physical examination."  (Penal Code 
          (PEN) Section 264.2(b) (1))
           
           Existing law further requires that "(p)rior to the 
          commencement of any initial medical evidentiary or physical 
          examination arising out of a sexual assault, a victim shall 
          be notified orally or in writing by the medical provider 
          that the victim has the right to have present a sexual 
          assault counselor and at least one other support person of 
          the victim's choosing.  The hospital may verify with the 
          law enforcement officer, or his or her agency, whether the 
          local rape victim counseling center has been notified, upon 
          the approval of the victim.  A support person may be 
          excluded from a medical evidentiary or physical examination 
          if the law enforcement officer or medical provider 
          determines that the presence of that individual would be 
          detrimental to the purpose of the examination."  (Id.)

          Existing law generally provides victims of sexual assault 
          "the right to have victim advocates and a support person of 
          the victim's choosing present at any interview by law 
          enforcement authorities, district attorneys, or defense 
          attorneys.  However, the support person may be excluded 

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          from an interview by law enforcement or the district 
          attorney if the law enforcement authority or the district 
          attorney determines that the presence of that individual 
          would be detrimental to the purpose of the interview."   
          (PEN Section 679.04) 
           
           Existing law further provides that, "(p)rior to the 
          commencement of the initial interview by law enforcement 
          authorities or the district attorney pertaining to any 
          criminal action arising out of a sexual assault, a victim 
          of sexual assault ? shall be notified orally or in writing 
          by the attending law enforcement authority or district 
          attorney that the victim has the right to have victim 
          advocates and a support person of the victim's choosing 
          present at the interview or contact. This subdivision 
          applies to investigators and agents employed or retained by 
          law enforcement or the district attorney.  At the time the 
          victim is advised of (these) ? rights, the attending law 
          enforcement authority or district attorney shall also 
          advise the victim of the right to have victim advocates and 
          a support person present at any interview by the defense 
          attorney or investigators or agents employed by the defense 
          attorney.  An initial investigation by law enforcement to 
          determine whether a crime has been committed and the 
          identity of the suspects shall not constitute a law 
          enforcement interview for purposes of this section."  (Id.) 
           

          Existing law enumerates specified acts or omissions with 
          respect to a court of justice or proceedings therein which 
          are contempt of the authority of the court, including 
          "refusing to be sworn or answer as a witness."  (Code of 
          Civil Procedure (CCP) Section 1209(a)(9))
           
           Existing law provides generally that "when the contempt 
          consists of the omission to perform an act which is yet in 
          the power of the person to perform, he or she may be 
          imprisoned until he or she has performed it, and in that 
          case the act shall be specified in the warrant of 
          commitment."  (CCP Section 1219(a).)  However, current law 
          provides that, "? no court may imprison or otherwise 
          confine or place in custody the victim of a sexual assault 
          or domestic violence crime for contempt when the contempt 
          consists of refusing to testify concerning that sexual 

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          assault or domestic violence crime."  (CCP Section 1219 
          (b))
           
           Existing law provides that except as specified, "in any 
          case in which a contempt consists of the refusal of a minor 
          under the age of 16 years to take the oath or to testify, 
          before imposing any sanction for the contempt, the court 
          shall first refer the matter to the probation officer in 
          charge of matters coming before the juvenile court for a 
          report and recommendation as to the appropriateness of the 
          imposition of a sanction.  The probation officer shall 
          prepare and file the report and recommendation within the 
          time directed by the court.  In making the report and 
          recommendation, the probation officer shall consider 
          factors such as the maturity of the minor, the reasons for 
          the minor's refusal to take the oath or to testify, the 
          probability that available sanctions will affect the 
          decision of the minor not to take the oath or not to 
          testify, the potential impact on the minor of his or her 
          testimony, the potential impact on the pending litigation 
          of the minor's unavailability as a witness, and the 
          appropriateness of the various available sanctions in the 
          minor's case.  The court shall consider the report and 
          recommendation in imposing a sanction in the case.  (CCP 
          Section 1219.5(a))

          This bill requires that a victim of a sex crime who is 
          subject to this section meet with a victim advocate, as 
          defined in PEN Section 679.04, unless the court for good 
          cause, finds that it is not in the best interest of the 
          victim.
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  No

          Unknown costs due to latest amendments.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/29/12)

          Santa Clara County District Attorney (source)
          California Communities United Institute
          California District Attorneys Association
          Los Angeles County District Attorney


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           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The author states:

            In child sex assault cases, all too often a combination 
            of factors - the loss of a breadwinner's income and fear 
            of financial instability, denial, misconceptions of how a 
            molested child will act - can lead to a hostile 
            environment for the victim. These factors can make clear 
            to the victim, a child, that the family's finances and 
            relationships are in ruin because of her allegations. 

            The victim, who initially wanted the abuse to stop, now 
            wants the legal process to stop. In some cases, leading 
            them to recant their initial statements or refuse to 
            participate in the legal proceeding. Without their 
            testimony, they're told, the case will go away and the 
            family can return to how it was before the allegations 
            were made.

            Sponsored by the Santa Clara County District Attorney, SB 
            1248 seeks to protect child victims of sex crimes from 
            being coerced into not testifying against their abusers. 

                 Independent meeting with sex assault victim 
               advocate:  SB 1248 requires that the child victim meet 
               with a victim advocate.

                 Sanctions against parents:  In cases where the 
               parent or guardian of a child victim interferes with 
               court proceedings, SB 1248 would 
               authorize the court to order the parent or guardian 
               into counseling, to pay a fine, or to be sentenced to 
               jail.


          RJG:mw  5/29/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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