BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                           Senator Christine Kehoe, Chair


          SB 1310 (Simitian) - Vehicles: electronic wireless 
          communications devices: prohibitions.
          
          Amended: April 25, 2012         Policy Vote: T&H 6-1
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: Yes
          Hearing Date: April 25, 2012                           
          Consultant: Mark McKenzie       
          
          This bill does not meet the criteria for referral to the 
          Suspense File. 


          Bill Summary: SB 1310 would increase penalties related to the 
          use of a wireless communication device while driving, prohibit 
          bicyclists from using a handheld communication device, establish 
          an education program on the dangers of cell phone use and text 
          messaging while driving, and require the driver's license exam 
          to include a test of the applicants understanding of the dangers 
          related to distracted driving, as specified. 

          Fiscal Impact: 
              Unknown increase in penalty revenues (General Fund, various 
              special funds, local funds).
              Minor costs, if any, to the Department of Motor Vehicles to 
              include a specific question on the driver's license exam 
              (Motor Vehicle Account).
              Unknown revenue gains, likely in the low millions, from 
              fines collected for use by the Office of Traffic Safety for 
              a distracted driving education program (Distracted Driver 
              Education Fund - created by this bill)
              Likely minor reimbursable mandate costs by requiring county 
              treasurers to divert $10 from each fine to the SCO for 
              deposit into the Distracted Driver Education Fund (General 
              Fund).
              Unknown court programming costs related to withholding 
              penalty assessments and charges on bicycle convictions, 
              partially offset by fines collected (Trial Court Trust 
              Fund).

          Background:  Existing law generally prohibits a person from 
          using a handheld wireless phone, unless equipped with hands-free 
          technology, or engaging in text-based communication while 








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          operating a motor vehicle.  The base fine is $20 for an initial 
          offense for either violation and $50 for each subsequent 
          offense.  After all penalty assessments, fees, and surcharges 
          are added to the base fine, the total bail for a base fine of 
          $20 is $159 and the total bail for a base fine of $50 is $279.  

          Proposed Law: SB 1310 would make the following changes related 
          to the laws prohibiting the use of a handheld electronic 
          communication device while driving:
           Require the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) driver's 
            license examination to include a test of the applicants 
            understanding of the distractions and dangers of handheld cell 
            phone use and text messaging while driving.
           Increase the base fines for using an electronic communication 
            device while driving from $20 to $30 for a first offense, and 
            from $50 to $60 for a subsequent offense.  
           Assign a driver's license violation point for a second or 
            subsequent conviction of using an electronic communication 
            device while driving, as specified.
           Authorize primary enforcement of a violation for using any 
            wireless communication device for drivers under the age of 18.
           Extend the prohibition against handheld cell phone use and 
            text messaging to bicycle riders, and impose a total fine of 
            $20 for a first offense and $50 for a subsequent offense.  A 
            violation point would not be assessed for a bicycle violation.
           Require a county treasurer to submit $10 from each fine 
            collected for these violations to the State Controller for an 
            education program on the dangers of cell phone use and text 
            messaging while driving.  The funds would be deposited into a 
            new Distracted Driver Education Fund and allocated to the 
            Office of Traffic Safety (OTS), upon appropriation by the 
            Legislature in the Budget Bill.
           Authorize a county treasurer to withhold a sufficient amount 
            from each fine collected for bicyclist convictions to 
            reimburse the courts for their actual, reasonable, and 
            necessary costs associated with processing bicyclist 
            violations.

          Related Legislation: SB 28 (Simitian), which was vetoed by 
          Governor Brown last year, is substantially similar to this bill, 
          except that bill would have doubled the penalties to $50 for a 
          first offense and $100 for a subsequent offense for texting or 
          talking while driving, rather than adding $10 to each offense.  
          The lower fines in SB 1310 are in response to the Governor's 








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          veto message, which stated the following:

             I certainly support discouraging cell phone use while driving 
             a car, but not ratcheting up the penalties as prescribed by 
             this bill.

             For people of ordinary means, current fines and penalty 
             assessments should be sufficient deterrent.

          Staff Comments: The bill explicitly requires DMV to include a 
          test of an applicant's understanding of the dangers of handheld 
          cell phone use and text messaging while driving on the driver's 
          license examination.  Existing law explicitly requires the 
          examination to include a test of the applicant's knowledge and 
          understanding of laws governing the operation of vehicles, the 
          ability to read and understand simple English used in traffic 
          and directional signs, and an understanding of traffic signs and 
          symbols.  DMV's current 18-question examination already includes 
          a specific question about distracted driving, so any costs to 
          update manuals and retain a question on the examination would be 
          absorbable.  Programming costs to add a violation point to 
          specified convictions would also be minor.

          SB 1310 would increase the base fines for distracted driving, 
          and establish new penalties for riding a bicycle while using an 
          electronic communication device.  The total bail amounts imposed 
          for convictions on drivers using a handheld communications 
          device include the base fine and any applicable penalties, 
          assessments, surcharges, or fees specified in existing law.  For 
          example, the total bail on a $20 base fine would be $159, the 
          total bail on a $30 base fine would be $199, the total bail on a 
          $50 base fine would be $279, and the total bail on a $60 base 
          fine would be $319.  Staff notes that the increase in base fines 
          for convicted drivers would result in significant increases in 
          penalty revenues that would benefit the General Fund, and other 
          special and local funds pursuant to statutory formulas.  Staff 
          does not anticipate that a $10 increase in base fines would have 
          a significant deterrent effect on behavior.  In 2010, the 
          California Highway Patrol issued about 12,000 to 14,000 
          citations for cell phone violations each month (no comparable 
          data is available for local law enforcement).  Assuming an 
          annual average of 156,000 citations in a year, this bill would 
          generate an additional $1.56 million for the General Fund alone, 
          not including violations issued by local law enforcement.  








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          The bill specifies that the fines that apply to bicyclists are 
          not subject to additional penalties, assessments, surcharges, or 
          fees that would apply to the base fine imposed on convicted 
          drivers.  Existing court case management systems are programmed 
          to automatically add penalty assessments on convictions, so the 
          requirement to withhold the assignment of these additional 
          amounts would compel the courts to incur one-time programming 
          costs to withhold the assignment of penalty assessments on 
          convictions that apply to bicyclists.  The Judicial Council 
          reports that statewide, the courts currently use 70 different 
          case management systems, each of which vary in capacity and 
          capability.  Costs to reprogram these systems are unknown but 
          potentially significant.  The bill includes language authorizing 
          the courts to recover their actual, reasonable, and necessary 
          costs associated with administering this provision from fines 
          collected for convictions.  It is unlikely that the amount of 
          fines collected from bicycle violations would be sufficient to 
          fully offset programming costs in the short-term.

          SB 1310 would also require the county treasurer to submit $10 
          from each fine collected to the State Controller, and require 
          the Controller to deposit those funds in the Distracted Driver 
          Education Fund for an education program on the dangers of 
          distracted driving.  Using the assumptions noted above, staff 
          estimates that this bill would generate at least $2 million to 
          $3 million in revenues, which would be available to the Office 
          of Traffic Safety for this purpose, upon appropriation by the 
          Legislature.  OTS administers traffic safety grant funds, 
          primarily federal funds, for programs intended to reduce deaths, 
          injuries, and economic losses resulting from traffic collisions. 
           The funds generated by this bill would supplement existing 
          educational and outreach efforts related to distracted driving.

          The bill creates a potentially reimbursable state-mandated local 
          program by placing new duties on county treasurers.  While costs 
          associated with transferring $10 from each distracted driver 
          fine to the Controller may qualify for reimbursement, staff 
          estimates that they would be minor as county treasurers 
          currently administer the distribution of numerous fines and 
          penalties to various state and local entities.  Adding this one 
          new duty would not be burdensome and it is not likely that a 
          county would seek reimbursement from the state.









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