BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                      



           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1310|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                         |
          |(916) 651-1520         Fax: (916) |                         |
          |327-4478                          |                         |
           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
           
                                         
                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1310
          Author:   Simitian (D)
          Amended:  4/25/12
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 3/27/12
          AYES:  DeSaulnier, Harman, Kehoe, Pavley, Rubio, Simitian
          NOES:  Gaines
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Lowenthal, Wyland

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  5-1, 4/30/12
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Lieu, Price, Steinberg
          NOES:  Dutton
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Walters


            SUBJECT  :    Driving or bicycling while using a wireless 
                      communications device

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill increases the penalties related to 
          using a wireless communications device while operating a 
          vehicle, prohibits bicyclists from using a handheld 
          communications device while riding a bicycle, establishes 
          an education program regarding the dangers of talking or 
          texting using a wireless communications device while 
          driving, and adds dangers of talking or texting while 
          driving to the list of items that Department of Motor 
          Vehicles (DMV) must include in an examination for a 
          driver's license.
                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               SB 1310
                                                                Page 
          2


           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law prohibits, with some exceptions, 
          a person from using a handheld wireless phone, unless 
          equipped with hands-free technology, or engaging in 
          text-based communication (e.g., text messages, instant 
          messages, or email messages) while operating a motor 
          vehicle.  The base fine is $20 for an initial offense for 
          either violation and $50 for each subsequent offense.  
          After all penalty assessments, fees, and surcharges are 
          added to the base fine, the total bail for a base fine of 
          $20 is $211 and the total bail for a base fine of $50 is 
          $331.  These two violations are primary offenses such that 
          a law enforcement officer may stop a driver who he or she 
          has cause to believe is violating these laws.  

          In addition, existing law assigns violation point counts to 
          convictions of specified violations of the Vehicle Code.  
          Most moving violations, such as speeding, causing a traffic 
          accident, or failing to restrain a child properly, are 
          considered an infraction and subject to one violation 
          point.  More serious offenses are given a value of two 
          points.  A person whose driving record shows a violation 
          point count of four or more points in 12 months, six or 
          more points in 24 months, or eight or more points in 36 
          months is presumed to be a negligent operator and the DMV 
          shall either suspend or revoke his/her driver's license.  A 
          conviction of talking or texting while driving does not 
          currently result in a point.

          Finally, existing law requires specific elements of the 
          driver's license examination, such as a test of the 
          applicant's ability to read and understand simple English 
          used in highway and directional signs.

          This bill:

          1. Increases the base fine from $20 to $30 for the first 
             offense and from $50 to $60 for any subsequent offense 
             of driving while using a handheld wireless 
             communications device to talk or text, or if a person is 
             under the age of 18, using any wireless communications 
             device. 

          2. Makes it a primary offense for a minor to use a wireless 

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               SB 1310
                                                                Page 
          3

             communications device while driving and therefore allows 
             officers to stop a vehicle for the sole purpose of 
             determining whether a driver is a minor and using such a 
             device.

          3. Prohibits a bicyclist from riding a bike while using a 
             handheld wireless communication device to talk or text.  
             In doing so, this bill establishes a total fine of $20 
             for an initial violation and $50 for any subsequent 
             violation.  This amount will be the total amount 
             collected and will not include any other penalties, 
             assessments, surcharges, or fees.

          4. Provides that a point shall be assigned to a driver's 
             license for a second or subsequent conviction of driving 
             while using a handheld wireless communications device to 
             talk or text or, if a driver is under the age of 18, 
             using any wireless communications device for any purpose 
             while driving.  This point does not apply to a bicyclist 
             who is convicted of using a handheld telephone while 
             cycling.

          5. Adds a test of a driver's understanding of the 
             distractions and dangers of handheld cellular telephone 
             use and text messaging while operating a motor vehicle 
             to the list of items that DMV must include in its 
             examination of a person who is applying for a driver's 
             license.

          6. Establishes the Distracted Driver Education Fund and 
             requires the State Controller to deposit $10 from each 
             fine collected for using these devices while driving to 
             support an education program on the dangers of this 
             behavior.  This bill also requires legislative 
             appropriation of these funds to the Office of Traffic 
             Safety (OTS) in the Business, Transportation, and 
             Housing Agency (BT&H) for this purpose.

          7. Allows county treasurers to withhold a sufficient amount 
             from each fine collected to reimburse the courts in the 
             county for their actual, reasonable, and necessary costs 
             associated with processing fines collected for talking 
             or texting while driving.


                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               SB 1310
                                                                Page 
          4

           Comments
           
           Purpose  .  This bill seeks to reduce further traffic 
          collisions and fatalities related to distracted driving.  
          According to the author's office, while studies show some 
          level of compliance with existing laws involving cell phone 
          use, improved compliance could lead to fewer collisions and 
          fatalities on our roads.  The author's office claims that 
          traffic safety experts attempt to improve compliance with 
          the law through enactment of three strategies: education, 
          enforcement, and establishing a significant deterrent.  By 
          enhancing penalties relating to talking on a handheld cell 
          phone or texting while driving and using the increased 
          revenue to fund an educational program operated through 
          OTS, the author's office contends this bill improves the 
          efficacy of two of these three strategies.

           Recent study results  .  The prohibition against talking or 
          using a handheld telephone while driving went into effect 
          on July 1, 2008 and the prohibition against texting while 
          driving went into effect on January 1, 2009.  A recent 
          analysis, conducted by the Safe Transportation Research and 
          Education Center at the University of California, Berkeley, 
          concluded that overall traffic deaths declined 22% since 
          July of 2008, while handheld cell phone driver deaths went 
          down 47%.  These results tend to indicate that these 
          traffic laws have provided some benefit, though it is 
          important to use caution when interpreting these findings 
          as it is difficult to identify one factor influencing these 
          outcomes to the exclusion of all others.  

          According to OTS, contributing to the decline in cell phone 
          related traffic deaths and injuries is an overall drop in 
          cell phone usage while driving.  A recent OTS survey showed 
          40% of California drivers reported talking less since the 
          enactment of the handheld cell phone ban.  This response 
          suggests that some drivers have adjusted their behavior in 
          response to the change in law; however it also seems to 
          indicate that many drivers have not improved behavior at 
          all.  This raises the question of whether the penalty needs 
          to be increased to be a more effective deterrent, or if 
          some other measure is required to change people's behavior. 
           OTS Director Christopher Murphy recently commented that, 
          "While we are thrilled to see that the handheld ban has 

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               SB 1310
                                                                Page 
          5

          worked to reduce distracted driving crashes and overall 
          cell phone use, there are still far too many drivers 
          talking and texting while driving."  

           Governor's veto .  This bill is the same as SB 28 
          (Simitian), which passed the Senate Transportation and 
          Housing Committee last year 6 to 3 and which Governor Brown 
          ultimately vetoed.  The author intends to amend the bill in 
          committee such that it does not increase the base fine 
          amounts as much, only by the $10 to be directed to fund the 
          new educational program.  The author is making this change 
          in response to the Governor's veto message in which he 
          stated that he supports discouraging cell phone use while 
          driving, but feels the current fines and penalty 
          assessments are sufficient deterrents.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes   
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee analysis:

            Unknown increase in penalty revenues (General Fund, 
             various special funds, local funds).

            Minor costs, if any, to the DMV to include a specific 
             question on the driver's license exam (Motor Vehicle 
             Account).

            Unknown revenue gains, likely in the low millions, from 
             fines collected for use by the Office of Traffic Safety 
             for a distracted driving education program (Distracted 
             Driver Education Fund - created by this bill)

            Likely minor reimbursable mandate costs by requiring 
             county treasurers to divert $10 from each fine to the 
             State Controller's Office for deposit into the 
             Distracted Driver Education Fund (General Fund).

            Unknown court programming costs related to withholding 
             penalty assessments and charges on bicycle convictions, 
             partially offset by fines collected (Trial Court Trust 
             Fund).

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/1/12)

                                                           CONTINUED





                                                               SB 1310
                                                                Page 
          6


          California Bicycle Coalition
          Consumers for Auto Reliability and Safety
          Driving School Association of California
          Metropolitan Transportation Commission 
          Peace Officers Research Association of California


          JJA:kc  5/1/12   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

                                ****  END  ****
































                                                           CONTINUED